| 영문 | central nervous system(CNS) | 한글 | 중추신경계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경계는 중추신경계와 말초신경계로 분류할 수가 있다. 중추신경계란 뇌와 척수로 구성되어 있는 신경계를 이르는 말이다. 말초신경계란 이 이외의 모든 신경계를 이르는 말이다. |
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| 영문 | aphasia | 한글 | 언어상실증 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 입이나 발성기관 또는 귀의 병터가 없이, 뇌의 병터나 손상으로 인해서 자신이 표현하고자 하는 것을 말로써 표현하지 못하거나, 남의 말을 듣고 그것에 대해서 이해하지 못하여 대답을 못하거나 엉뚱한 대답을 하는 것이다. 대뇌 중에서 사람의 언어에 관련되어 중요한 역할을 하는 부분은 감각영역(Wernicke's area)라는 것과 운동영역(Broca's area)라는 두 군데가 있다. 감각영역은 관자엽에 위치하는 것으로 우리가 귀로 들은 내용을 이해하는 곳이다. 즉 이곳이 파괴되면 우리가 귀로 들은 것을 이해하치 못한다. 운동영역은 이마엽에 위치하고 있는 것으로 말을 하기위해서 입이나 후두를 움직이는 명령을 내려주는 곳이다. 따라서 이곳이 손상을 받으면 입이나 발성 기관이 정상이라도 말을 할 수가 없다. 이 두 곳은 활모양다발이라는 것으로 연결되어 있다. 언어에 관련된 이 부분들 중에서 어느 부분이 이상이 있는가에 따라서 언어상실증을 구분하기도 한다. -운동언어상실증: motor aphasia－운동영역의 손상으로 생기는 언어상실. 감각영역이 정상이므로 타인의 말을 잘 이해하지만 자신의 뜻을 표현하지 못한다. -수용 언어상실증: sensory aphasia－감각영역의 손상으로 생기는 언어상실. 운동영역이 정상이므로 자신의 생각을 잘 말할 수는 있지만 타인의 말을 이해하지 못하고 묻는 말에 대하여 동문서답을 한다. -전도성 언어상실증: conduction aphasia: 활모양다발의 손상으로 인한 언어상실증. 감각영역와 운동영역이 모두 정상이어서 자신의 생각을 표현하고 남의 말을 이해하는 것은 모두 가능하지만 남의 말에 대해서 동문서답을 한다. 이해한 것을 말로 옮기는 것에 이상이 있는 것이다. -완전언어상실증: global aphasia－운동영역, 감각영역, 활모양다발이 모두 파괴되어 생기는 언어상실증. 타인의 말을 이해하는 능력도 없고 자신의 생각을 말할 능력도 없다.    |
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| 영문 | motor aphasia | 한글 | 운동언어상실증 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 대뇌겉질중추의 병터에 의하여 말하거나 쓰는 능력이 없어진 것. 즉 환자는 듣는 말과 쓴 글을 이해하며 또 하고싶은 말도 알고 있으나, 실제로 말이 나오지는 않는다. 대뇌의 운동부분(Broca's area)의 손상으로 생기는 실어증. 워니케부분(Wernicke's area)이 정상이므로 타인의 말을 잘 이해하지만 자신의 뜻을 표현하지 못한다. |
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| CS | calf serum; campomelic syndrome; carcinoid syndrome; cardiogenic shock; caries-susceptible; carotid ... |
|---|---|
| CSS | Cancer Surveillance System; carotid sinus stimulation; carotid sinus syndrome; cavernous sinus syndr... |
| CTT | cefotetan; central tegmental tract; central transmission time; compressed tablet triturate; computer... |
| CVO | central vein occlusion; central venous oxygen; Chief Veterinary Officer; credentialing verification ... |
| AAT | Aachen Aphasia Test; academic aptitude test; alanine aminotransferase; alkylating agent therapy; alp... |
| AAT | Aachen Aphasia Test |
|---|---|
| BDAE | Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination |
| PPA | Primary Progressive Aphasia |
| WAB | Western Aphasia Battery |
| C- | Central |
| acoustic aphasia | An impairment in comprehension of the auditory forms of language and communication, including the ability to write from dictation in the presence of normal hearing. Spontaneous speech, reading, and writing are not affected. Synonym: acoustic aphasia, word deafness. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| acquired epileptic aphasia | <syndrome> Acquired epileptic aphasia. The typical history is that of a child whose development is normal for several years and then, either suddenly or in a fluctuating manner, loses comprehension of speech and the ability to use speech to communicate. The seizures are of no specific type, and are mostly mild and infrequent partial or atypical absences. (12 Dec 1998) |
| amnesic aphasia | An aphasia in which the principal deficit is difficulty in naming persons and objects seen, heard, or felt; due to lesions in various portions of the language area. Synonym: amnestic aphasia, amnesic aphasia, anomia, anomic aphasia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anomic aphasia | An aphasia in which the principal deficit is difficulty in naming persons and objects seen, heard, or felt; due to lesions in various portions of the language area. Synonym: amnestic aphasia, amnesic aphasia, anomia, anomic aphasia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior aphasia | A type of aphasia in which there is a deficit in speech production or language output, often accompanied by a deficit in communicating by writing, signs, etc. The patient is aware of his impairment. Synonym: anterior aphasia, ataxic aphasia, Broca's aphasia, expressive aphasia, nonfluent aphasia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aphasia | <clinical sign, neurology> A defect or loss of the ability to speak or write, loss of ability to understand spoken or written language, due to injury or disease of the brain centres. Origin: Gr. Phasis = speech (16 Dec 1997) |
| aphasia, broca | Loss of ability to speak and write caused by damage to the motor association cortex in the frontal lobe (broca's area). The deficit in language production ranges from almost complete muteness to a slowed, deliberate speech constructed from very simple grammatical structures. Patients use only key words: for "the large gray cat" the patient with broca's aphasia may say "gray cat". (kandel et al., principles of neural science, 3d ed, p847) (12 Dec 1998) |
| aphasia, conduction | A type of fluent aphasia in which there is normal comprehension of spoken language but words are repeated incorrectly. It results from a lesion of the arcuate fasciculus connecting broca's and wernicke's areas. Like patients with wernicke's aphasia (aphasia, wernicke), patients with conduction aphasia are fluent but have many paraphasic errors (incorrect words or sounds substituted for correct ones). The degree of fluency is less than that in wernicke's aphasia, but comprehension is good. (12 Dec 1998) |
| aphasia, primary progressive | A type of aphasia appearing gradually and gradually worsening without any major change in other cognitive functions. It is regarded by some authors as a syndrome which may be due to various degenerative diseases of the cerebral cortex (notably alzheimer disease, owing to its frequency), while others see in it an autonomous disease related to a neuropathological process that is distinct from the main degenerative dementias. The principal clinical peculiarity of primary progressive aphasia is that it spares the patient's autonomy for a long time, but ultimately turns into global dementia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| aphasia, wernicke | Impairment in the comprehension of speech and meaning by words, both spoken and written, and of the meanings conveyed by their grammatical relationship in sentences. It is caused by a lesion primarily affecting wernicke's area, the left posterior portion of the temporal lobe. (12 Dec 1998) |
| associative aphasia | A form of aphasia in which the patient understands spoken and written words, is aware of his deficit, and can speak and write, but skips or repeats words, or substitutes one word for another (paraphasia);word repetition is severely impaired. The responsible lesion is in the associate tracks connecting the various language centres. Synonym: associative aphasia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ataxic aphasia | A type of aphasia in which there is a deficit in speech production or language output, often accompanied by a deficit in communicating by writing, signs, etc. The patient is aware of his impairment. Synonym: anterior aphasia, ataxic aphasia, Broca's aphasia, expressive aphasia, nonfluent aphasia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| auditory aphasia | An impairment in comprehension of the auditory forms of language and communication, including the ability to write from dictation in the presence of normal hearing. Spontaneous speech, reading, and writing are not affected. Synonym: acoustic aphasia, word deafness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Broca's aphasia | <neurology> Motor aphasia due to a lesion of the motor speech centre (Broca's area) in the brain. (13 Nov 1997) |
| receptive aphasia | Aphasia in which there is impairment in the comprehension of spoken and written words, associated with effortless, articulated, but paraphrasic, speech and writing; malformed words, substitute words, and enologisms are charcteristic. When severe, and speech is incomprehensible, it is called jargon aphasia. The patient often appears unaware of his deficit. Synonym: fluent aphasia, impressive aphasia, posterior aphasia, psychosensory aphasia, receptive aphasia, Wernicke's aphasia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| central aphasia |
a term that has been used as a synonym for various aphasias that involve disturbance in word selection, grammar, and sentence structure apart from elementary auditory or visual comprehension and the ability to write legible characters and speak aloud. Many are presumed to be due to lesions of brain centers (motor speech areas). See global a., motor a., and receptive a.
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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