| BCA | balloon catheter angioplasty; bicinchoninic acid; blood color analyzer; Blue Cross Association; bran... |
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| BN | bladder neck; branchial neuritis; bronchial node; brown Norway [rat]; bulimia nervosa |
| BR | barrier reared [experimental animals]; baseline recovery; bathroom; bed rest; bedside rounds; biliru... |
| br | boiling range; brachial; branch; branchial; breath; brother |
| branchial | <anatomy> Of or pertaining to branchiae or gills. Branchial arches, the bony or cartilaginous arches which support the gills on each side of the throat of fishes and amphibians. Branchial clefts, the openings between the branchial arches through which water passes. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| branchial apparatus | The aggregate of the pharyngeal arches, pouches, clefts, and membranes seen in the developing embryo of vertebrates. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial arches | Typically, 6 arch's in vertebrates; in the lower vertebrates, they bear gills; in the higher vertebrates, they appear transiently and give rise to specialised structures in the head and neck. Synonym: pharyngeal arches, visceral arches. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial cartilages | Cartilage's developing within the vertebrate or embryonic branchial arches; they form the cartilaginous viscerocranium. Synonym: pharyngeal cartilages. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial cleft cyst | Also called a branchial cyst, this is a cavity that is a remnant from embryologic development present at birth in one side of the neck just in front of the large angulated muscle on either side (the sternocleidomastoid muscle). The cyst may not be recognised until adolescence as it enlarges its oval shape. Sometimes it develops a sinus or drainage pathway to the surface of the skin from which mucus can be expressed. Total surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Recurrence is not expected. (12 Dec 1998) |
| branchial clefts | A bilateral series of slitlike openings into the pharynx through which water is drawn by aquatic animals; in the walls of the cleft's are the vascular gill filaments that take up oxygen from the water passing through the cleft's; sometimes loosely applied to the branchial ectodermal grooves of mammalian embryos, which are imperforate, rudimentary homologues of complete gill clefts. Synonym: gill clefts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial cyst | Also called a branchial cleft cyst, this is a cavity that is a remnant from embryologic development present at birth in one side of the neck just in front of the large angulated muscle on either side (the sternocleidomastoid muscle). The cyst may not be recognised until adolescence as it enlarges its oval shape. It may develop a sinus or drainage pathway to the surface of the skin from which mucus can be expressed. Total surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Recurrence is not expected. (12 Dec 1998) |
| branchial efferent column | A column of gray matter in the brainstem of the embryo, represented in the adult by the nucleus ambiguus and the motor nuclei of the trigeminal and facial nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial fissure | A persistent branchial cleft. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial fistula | A congenital fistula in the neck resulting from incomplete closure of a branchial cleft. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial groove | An external embryonic groove between contiguous branchial arches. See: branchial clefts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial mesoderm | Mesoderm surrounding the primitive stomodeum and pharynx; it develops into the pharyngeal arches. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchial pouches | pharyngeal pouches |
| branchial region | Region containing paired arched columns that bear gills in lower aquatic vertebrates and appear in the embryos of higher vertebrates in comparable form. In higher vertebrates the arches are subsequently modified into structures of the neck and ear. (12 Dec 1998) |
| branchial a. |
pharyngeal a.
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| branchial a.’es |
paired arched columns that bear the gills in lower aquatic vertebrates and that, in the embryos of higher vertebrates, appear in comparable form before subsequent modification into structures of the head and neck. In humans they are usually called pharyngeal arches because gills do not develop. Each contains a cartilaginous bar, consisting of right and left halves. The first arch (mandibular a.) differentiates into the sphenomandibular and anterior malleolar ligaments, malleus, and incus; the second (hyoid a.) into the stapes, styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, lesser horn of the hyoid bone, and cranial part of the hyoid body; the third into the greater horn of the hyoid bone and the caudal part of its body; and the fourth and sixth into the laryngeal cartilages. In the human embryo, the sixth arch is actually the fifth in number but is so named for reasons of comparative anatomy and evolution; it does not appear on the surface. Called also visceral a's.
Ãâó: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_health_library.j...
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