| 'Greek letter alpha' | angular acceleration; first [carbon atom next to the carbon atom bearing the active group in organic... |
|---|---|
| at | air tight; atom, atomic |
| FAB | fast atom bombardment; formalin ammonium bromide; fragment, antigen-binding [of immunoglobulins]; Fr... |
| Ma | mass of atom |
| FAB | Fast Atom Bombardment |
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| FAB-MS | Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry |
| FAB MS | Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectroscopy |
| atom | <chemistry, physics, radiobiology> A particle of matter indivisible by chemical means. It is the fundamental building block of the chemical elements. The elements, such as iron, lead and sulphur, differ from each other because they contain different kinds of atoms. There are about six sextillion (6 followed by 21 zeros or 6 x 1021) atoms in an ordinary drop of water. According to present day theory, an atom contains a dense inner core (the nucleus) and a much less dense outer domain consisting of electrons in motion around the nucleus. Atoms are electrically neutral. (16 Dec 1997) |
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| atomic | 1. Of or pertaining to atoms. 2. Extremely minute; tiny. Atomic philosophy, or Doctrine of atoms, a system which assuming that atoms are endued with gravity and motion accounted thus for the origin and formation of all things. This philosophy was first broached by Leucippus, was developed by Democritus, and afterward improved by Epicurus, and hence is sometimes denominated the Epicurean philosophy. <chemistry> Atomic theory, or the Doctrine of definite proportions, the weight of the atom of an element as compared with the weight of the atom of hydrogen, taken as a standard. Origin: Cf. F. Atomique. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| atomic absorption spectrophotometry | Determination of concentration by the ability of atoms to absorb radiant energy of specific wavelengths. (05 Mar 2000) |
| atomic bomb | <physics, radiobiology> A weapon with a large explosive power due to the sudden release of energy when the nuclei of heavy atoms such as plutonium-239 or uranium-235 are split. This fission is brought about by the bombardment of the fuel with neutrons, setting off a chain reaction. The bomb releases shock, blast, heat, light, and lethal radiation. The world's first atomic bomb was successfully tested by the United States on July 16, 1945. (13 Nov 1997) |
| atomic core | The nucleus plus the nonvalence electrons. (05 Mar 2000) |
| atomic heat | The amount of heat required to raise an atom from 0 |
| atomic mass | <chemistry, physics> The mass of an atom relative to other atoms. The present-day basis of the scale of atomic weights is carbon, the most common isotope of this element has arbitrarily been assigned an atomic weight of 12. The unit of the scale is 1/12 the weight of the carbon atom or roughly the mass of one proton or one neutron. The atomic weight of any element is approximately equal to the total number of protons and neutrons in is nucleus (16 Dec 1997) |
| atomic mass unit | <chemistry> One-twelfth the mass of a neutral atom of the most abundant isotope of carbon. (16 Dec 1997) |
| atomic number | <chemistry> Symbol Z. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom and also its characteristic atomic number. The atomic numbers of the known elements form a complete series from 1 (hydrogen) to 103 (lawrencium). (16 Dec 1997) |
| atomic theory | That chemical compounds are formed by the union of atoms in certain definite proportions; in its modern form, first advanced in 1803 by John Dalton. (05 Mar 2000) |
| atomic volume | The atomic weight of an element divided by its density in the solid state; the volume of the gram-atomic weight of a solid element. (05 Mar 2000) |
| atomic weight | <chemistry> The average weight of an atom of an element, i.e. The total mass of protons and neutrons in an atom. (09 Oct 1997) |
| atomical | 1. Of or pertaining to atoms. 2. Extremely minute; tiny. Atomic philosophy, or Doctrine of atoms, a system which assuming that atoms are endued with gravity and motion accounted thus for the origin and formation of all things. This philosophy was first broached by Leucippus, was developed by Democritus, and afterward improved by Epicurus, and hence is sometimes denominated the Epicurean philosophy. <chemistry> Atomic theory, or the Doctrine of definite proportions, the weight of the atom of an element as compared with the weight of the atom of hydrogen, taken as a standard. Origin: Cf. F. Atomique. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| atomically | In an atomic manner; in accordance with the atomic philosophy. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| atomician | An atomist. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| activated atom | An atom possessing more than normal energy as a result of input of energy. See: excited state. Synonym: excited atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Bohr's atom | A concept or model of the atom in which the negatively charged electrons move in circular or elliptical orbits around the positively charged nucleus, energy being emitted or absorbed when electrons change from one orbit to another. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radioactive atom | <chemistry, physics> An atom with an unstable nucleus, which emits particulate or electromagnetic radiation (radioactive emission) to achieve greater stability. See: radionuclide, half-life, Becquerel. (05 Mar 2000) |
| recoil atom | The remainder of an atom from which a nuclear particle has been emitted or ejected at high velocity; the remainder recoils with a velocity inversely proportional to its mass. (05 Mar 2000) |
| central atom | <physics> The atom to which the other atoms are bonded in a small molecule. (09 Oct 1997) |
| spectrometry, mass, fast atom bombardment | A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of a wide range of biomolecules, such as glycoalkaloids, glycoproteins, polysaccharides, and peptides. Positive and negative fast atom bombardment spectra are recorded on a mass spectrometer fitted with an atom gun with xenon as the customary beam. The mass spectra obtained contain molecular weight recognition as well as sequence information. (12 Dec 1998) |
| stripped atom | An atom minus all its electrons; a nucleus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nuclear atom | <physics, radiobiology> A concept or model of the atom characterised by the presence of a small, massive nucleus at its centre. (05 Mar 2000) |
| displacements per atom | (dpa) This is a measure of the amount of radiation damage in neutron-irradiated materials, for example, 10 dpa means each atom in the material has been displaced from its site within the structural lattice of the material an average of 10 times (due to interactions between the atoms and the energetic neutrons irradiating the material.) (09 Oct 1997) |
| quaternary carbon atom | An atom of carbon to which four other carbon atom's are attached. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ionised atom | <chemistry> An atom that possesses an electrostatic charge as a result of loss or gain of electrons; e.g., H+, Calcium, Cl-, O2-. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tagged atom | A radioactive atom, or a stable but rare one, which by its presence in a molecule helps localization or measurement of that molecule. Synonym: tagged atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
| excited atom | An atom possessing more than normal energy as a result of input of energy. See: excited state. Synonym: excited atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
| labelled atom | A radioactive atom, or a stable but rare one, which by its presence in a molecule helps localization or measurement of that molecule. Synonym: tagged atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| atom |
(physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything
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| atomic mass unit |
unit of mass for expressing masses of atoms or molecules
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| atomic energy |
the energy released by a nuclear reaction
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| atomic number |
the order of an element in Mendeleyev's table of the elements; equal to the number of protons in the nucleus or electrons in the neutral state of an atom of an element
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| atomic theory |
a theory of the structure of the atom atomism: (chemistry) any theory in which all matter is composed of tiny discrete finite indivisible indestructible particles; "the ancient Greek philosophers Democritus and Epicurus held atomic theories of the universe"
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| atom | (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything |
|---|---|
| atom | (physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element |
| atom | a nuclear weapon in which enormous energy is released by nuclear fission (splitting the nuclei of a heavy element (uranium 235 or plutonium 239)) |
| atom | a scientific instrument that increases the kinetic energy of charged particles |
| atom | bomb with atomic weapons |
| atom | weapons using atomic energy |
| atom | immeasurably small |
| atom | of or relating to or comprising atoms |
| atom | a nuclear weapon in which enormous energy is released by nuclear fission (splitting the nuclei of a heavy element (uranium 235 or plutonium 239)) |
| atom | a timepiece that derives its time scale from the vibration of atoms or molecules |
| atom | an oral dose of radioactive substance used in treatment and diagnosis of cancer |
| atom | the energy released by a nuclear reaction |
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