| radix inferior nervi vestibulocochlearis | <anatomy, nerve> One of the components of the vestibulocochlear nerve; it is made up of the central processes of the bipolar neurons which compose the spiral (cochlear) ganglion in the spiral canal of the modiolus of the bony cochlea; the cochlear root enters the cranial cavity by passing in fascicles through the spiral foraminous tract at the bottom of the internal auditory meatus; it enters the brainstem through the pontomedullary groove, closely adhering to the caudoventral aspect of the vestibular root, and distributes its fibres to the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei in the floor of the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle. Synonym: radix cochlearis, cochlear root of vestibulocochlear nerve, inferior root of vestibulocochlear nerve, radix inferior nervi vestibulocochlearis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| radix superior nervi vestibulocochlearis | Radix vestibularis, radix superior nervi vestibulocochlearis, superior root of vestibulocochlear nerve, vestibular root of vestibulocochlear nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pars cochlearis nervi vestibulocochlearis | <anatomy, nerve> The cochlear part of the acoustic (8th cranial) nerve. The cochlear nerve fibres originate from neurons of the spiral ganglion and project peripherally to cochlear hair cells and centrally to the cochlear nuclei of the brainstem. They mediate the sense of hearing. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pars vestibularis nervi vestibulocochlearis | <anatomy, nerve> The vestibular part of the acoustic (8th cranial) nerve. The vestibular nerve fibres arise from neurons of scarpa's ganglion and project peripherally to vestibular hair cells and centrally to the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. These fibres mediate the sense of balance and head position. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nervus vestibulocochlearis | vestibulocochlear nerve. See entries under radix |
| nuclei nervi vestibulocochlearis | The combined cochlear and vestibular nuclei in the brainstem that receive the incoming fibres of the eighth cranial nerve. See: vestibular nucleus. Synonym: nuclei nervi vestibulocochlearis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria | Synonym: artery. See: branch. Origin: L. From G. Arteria, the windpipe, later an artery as distinct from a vein (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria acetabuli | An arterial branch that supplies the acetabulum; two arteries, the obturator and the medial femoral circumflex, have such branches. Synonym: ramus acetabularis, acetabular artery, arteria acetabuli. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria alveolaris inferior | <anatomy, artery> Origin, 1st part of maxillary artery; distribution, through mandibular foramen/canal to lower teeth and chin; branches, artery to mylohyoid, mental artery, dental arteries. Synonym: arteria alveolaris inferior, inferior dental artery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria alveolaris superior posterior | <anatomy, artery> Origin, 3rd part of maxillary artery within pterygopalatine fossa; distribution, molar and premolar teeth, gingiva and mucous membrane of maxillary sinus. Synonym: arteria alveolaris superior posterior, posterior alveolar artery, posterior dental artery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria anastomotica auricularis magna | <anatomy, artery> A vessel of variable origin, most commonly a branch of the circumflex artery, coursing posteriorly through the base of the interatrial septum toward the crux of the heart, anastomosing with coronary artery branches supplying the atrioventricular node, the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His), and the upper posterior walls of the left ventricle. Synonym: arteria anastomotica auricularis magna. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria anastomotica magna | <anatomy, artery> Origin, brachial; distribution, arm muscles at back of elbow; anastomoses, anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent, superior ulnar collateral, profunda brachii, and recurrent interosseous, as part of the articular network of the elbow. Synonym: arteria collateralis ulnaris inferior, arteria anastomotica magna, great anastomotic artery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria angularis | <anatomy, artery> The terminal branch of the facial artery; distribution, muscles and skin of side of nose; anastomoses, lateral nasal, and dorsal artery of nose and palpebrals from the ophthalmic artery, thereby providing an external-internal carotid arterial anastomosis. Synonym: artery of angular gyrus. Synonym: arteria angularis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria aorta | <anatomy> The largest artery in the body which has its origin at the heart. It gives off branches to the extremities, neck and major organs for the purpose of supplying oxygenated blood. (27 Sep 1997) |
| arteria appendicularis | <anatomy, artery> The branch of the ileocolic artery that descends posterior to the terminal ileum in the mesoappendix to supply the vermiform appendix. Synonym: arteria appendicularis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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