| 영문 | abuse | 한글 | 남용 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의학적 상식-법규 사회적 관습으로부터 일탈하여 쾌락을 추구하기 위하여 약물을 사용하거나 과잉으로 사용하는 행위를 말한다. 따라서 법적규제의 대상이 되는 마약류를 사용하는 것과 법적 규제의 대사에 포함되어 있지 않은 약물이라도 환각목적으로 사용할 경우도 포함된다. |
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| 영문 | alcohol | 한글 | 알코올 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 대개 에탄올(ethanol, ethyl alcohol)을 지칭하는 말이다. 물과 같이 맑은 색이지만 특이한 냄새가 있고 끓는 점이 낮은 액체이다. 농도가 높은 것은 의료용 또는 소독제로 쓰이고 낮은 농도로 된 것은 음료(술)로도 이용된다. |
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| 영문 | ethyl alcohol | 한글 | 에틸알코올 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 지방족 포화알코올의 하나. 각종 알코올 음료 속에 함유되어 있어 주정이라고도 하고, 또 에탄올이라고도 한다. 보통 알코올이라고 하면 이 에틸알코올을 가리킨다. 술의 성분으로서 예전부터 알려져 있었으나, 술이 취하는 원인이 에탄올에 있다는 것을 안 것은 15세기 이후의 일이다. 조성은 처음에 라부아지에나 N.T. 소슈르 등에 의해 측정되고, 게이뤼삭이나 J.B. 뒤마 등에 의해서 확정되었다. 알코올이라는 이름은 원래 눈썹에 칠하는 흑색 안료顔料를 가리키는 아라비아어였는데. 이것의 미소분말을 만드는데 승화법을 사용한 데서 술을 증류하여 가연성 엑스를 만드는 것으로 전화轉化하고, 이것이 다시 증류물을 가리키는 말이 되었다. 알코올이라는 말이 에탄올을 가리키게 되고, 다시 알코올 전반을 가리키게 된 것은 19세기 이후의 일이다. 에탄올을 복용하면 대뇌의 제어기능이 억제되어 흥분상태가 되고, 이어서 중추신경이 억제된다. 무색투명한 휘발성 액체. 특유한 냄새와 맛을 가지며, 인체에 흡수되면 흥분이나 마취 작용을 일으킨다. 화학약품의 합성 원료, 용제, 연료, 알코올성 음료 따위로 쓴다. 알코올은 간세포에 존재하는 알코올탈수소효소(alcohol dehydrogenase)가 대사한다. 급성 중독 증상은 혈중 알코올 농도와 비례한다. 혈중 알코올 농도가 높아질수록 중추신경계는 억제되어 혈중 농도가 3.5~4.5mg/mL이면 혼수에 빠져 사망할 수도 있다. |
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| 영문 | fetal alcohol syndrome | 한글 | 태아알코올증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 임신기간 중 만성적으로 알코올을 섭취한 여자에게서 태어난 영아에게 나타나는 형태발생의 이상을 나타내는 증후군으로서 위턱뼈발육부전, 앞머리와 아래턱의 돌출, 짧은검열, 작은안구증, 눈구석주름, 심한 성장지연, 정신지체 등을 나타낸다. |
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| AA/AD | alcohol abuse/alcohol dependence |
|---|---|
| ADAMHA | Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration |
| ADM | abductor digiti minimi; administrative medicine; admission; Adriamycin; Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Ment... |
| ASSERT | improving Alcohol and Substance abuse Services and Educating providings to Refer patients to Treatme... |
| DAST | drug abuse screening test; drug and alcohol screening test |
| ADAMHA | Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration |
|---|---|
| NIAAA | National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism |
| CAP | Child Abuse Potential |
| CSA | Child sexual abuse |
| CSA | Childhood sexual abuse |
| abuse | 1. Improper treatment or use; application to a wrong or bad purpose; misuse; as, an abuse of our natural powers; an abuse of civil rights, or of privileges or advantages; an abuse of language. "Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power." (Madison) 2. Physical ill treatment; injury. "Rejoice . . . at the abuse of Falstaff." 3. A corrupt practice or custom; offense; crime; fault; as, the abuses in the civil service. "Abuse after disappeared without a struggle." (Macaulay) 4. Vituperative words; coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; virulent condemnation; reviling. "The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows." (Macaulay) 5. Violation; rape; as, abuse of a female child. "Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?" (Shak) Abuse of distress, a wrongful using of an animal or chattel distrained, by the distrainer. Synonym: Invective, contumely, reproach, scurrility, insult, opprobrium. Abuse, Invective. Abuse is generally prompted by anger, and vented in harsh and unseemly words. It is more personal and coarse than invective. Abuse generally takes place in private quarrels; invective in writing or public discussions. Invective may be conveyed in refined language and dictated by indignation against what is blameworthy. Origin: F. Abus, L. Abusus, fr. Abuti. See Abuse. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| marijuana abuse | The excessive use of marijuana with associated psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occupational functioning. (12 Dec 1998) |
| child abuse | Abuse of children in a family, institutional, or other setting. (12 Dec 1998) |
| child abuse, sexual | Sexual maltreatment of the child or minor. (12 Dec 1998) |
| phencyclidine abuse | The misuse of phencyclidine with associated psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occupational functioning. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cocaine abuse | <psychiatry> Cocaine is an alkaloid, derived from the coca plant. It is used medicinally as a topical anaesthetic (commonly in the nose). It may cause agitation, disorientation and convulsions. Cocaine is a commonly abused street drug and can lead to addictive behaviour. (27 Sep 1997) |
| spouse abuse | Deliberate severe and repeated injury to one domestic partner by the other. (12 Dec 1998) |
| substance abuse | Maladaptive pattern of drug or alcohol use that may lead to social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems. (05 Mar 2000) |
| substance abuse detection | Detection of drugs that have been abused, overused, or misused, including legal and illegal drugs. Urine screening is the usual method of detection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| substance abuse disorders | A class of mental disorders in which behavioural and biological changes are associated with regular use of alcohol, drugs, and related substances that affect the central nervous system and personal and social functioning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| substance abuse, intravenous | Abuse, overuse, or misuse of a substance by its injection into a vein. (12 Dec 1998) |
| substance abuse treatment centres | Health facilities providing therapy and/or rehabilitation for substance-dependent individuals. Methadone distribution centres are included. (12 Dec 1998) |
| drug abuse | Use of a drug for a reason other than which it was intended or in a manner or in quantities other than directed. Drug dependence is a compulsion to take a drug to produce a desired effect or prevent unpleasant effects when the drug is withheld. Risk factors for drug abuse include: low self esteem, inability to deal with stress and emotional instability. Juveniles use drugs due to peer pressure. Signs of drug use in children include: a change in friends or group, long absences from home, poor performance in school, seclusion, stealing, lying, criminal behaviour, deteriorating family relationships, signs of drug intoxication and changes in behaviour. Commonly abused drugs include narcotic analgesic agents, benzodiazepines, cocaine, amphetamines, barbiturates, marijuana, LSD and phencyclidine. Many labs now offer quick and inexpensive urine drug screening. Psychological counseling and parental support will be necessary in children with this problem. (27 Sep 1997) |
| elder abuse | Emotional, nutritional, or physical maltreatment of the older person generally by family members or by institutional personnel. (12 Dec 1998) |
| united states substance abuse and mental health services administration | An agency of the public health service concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to substance abuse and mental health. It is commonly referred to by the acronym samhsa. On 1 october 1992, the united states alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health administration (adamha) became samhsa. (telephone communication with samhsa 7 april 1992) (12 Dec 1998) |
| alcohol abuse | excessive use of alcohol and alcoholic drinks |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|