| ¿µ¹® | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | ÇÑ±Û | µ¥¿Á½Ã¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ÇÙ»êÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î DNA¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. DeoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ÁßÇÕüÀ̸ç À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÈÇÐÀû º»Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù. RNA¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ¸ðµç »ý¹°Àº DNA¸¦ À¯ÀüÀÚ·Î Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµå(deoxyribonucleotide)´Â ¿°±â¿Í ´ç(2'-deoxy-D-ribose)°ú ÀλêÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¿°±â´Â ¾Æµ¥´Ñ(adenine), ±¸¾Æ´Ñ(guanine), Ƽ¹Î(thymine)¹× ½ÃÅä½Å(cytosine)ÀÇ 4°¡ÁöÀ̸ç, À̰ÍÀº ´ç¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÎ»ê ¿ª½Ã ´çÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ´çÀº ´Ù¸¥ deoxy- ribonucleotideÀÇ ´ç°ú ÀλêÀ» »çÀÌ¿¡ ³õ°í °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÇϳªÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» Çü¼ºÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀÌ ÁÖÃàÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ »ç½½ µÎ °³´Â °¢°¢ deoxyribonucleotide¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿°±âµéÀÌ °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ¿© µÎ °³ÀÇ »ç½½ÀÌ °áÇյǾî ÀÖ´Â ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µé°Ô µÈ´Ù. 4°¡Áö ¿°±â ¾Æµ¥´ÑÀº Ƽ¹Î°ú °áÇÕÀ» Çϰí, ½ÃÅä½Å°ú °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀº ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µå´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ°í ±ä »ç½½¿¡ ºÎÂøµÈ ¿°±âµéÀÇ °áÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ µÎ °³ÀÇ ±ä »ç½½Àº ¼·Î ºÙ¾î¼ ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. DNAÀÇ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸´Â ¿°±â¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù. 4°³ÀÇ ¿°±âÀÇ Á¶ÇÕ°ú ¹è¿ÀÌ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸¸¦ º¸°üÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¾ÏÈ£ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇàÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | retinoic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ·¹Æ¼³ë»ê |
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| ¼³¸í | C20H28O2. ºñŸ¹Î AÀÇ ¾ËÄڿñ⸦ ¾Ëµ¥È÷µå·Î »êÈÇÑ ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã Ä«¸£º¹½Ç»êÀ¸·Î »êÈÇÏ¿© ¾òÀº »ê. ¹ß»ýÁßÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇüŸ¦ ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | ribonucleic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
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| ¼³¸í | Ribonucleotide monomer·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÇÙ»êÀ¸·Î ¿°±â, ´ç, ÀλêÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ¿°±â´Â adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracilÀÇ 4Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ´çÀº 5ź´çÀÌ´Ù. RNA´Â DNA¸¦ ÁÖÇüÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î °áÇÕ, Çü¼ºµÇ¸ç ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ¾î Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Àü·É RNA(mRNA)´Â ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °¡Àå ±âº»ÀÌ µÇ´Â DNAÀÇ ¼¿À» »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿Å°Ü ¹Þ¾Æ Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â Àü·É±¸½ÇÀ» ÇÏ´Â RNA. ¸®º¸¼Ø RNA(rRNA) ¸®º¸¼ØÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â 4°¡Áö RNA»ç½½(28S, 18S, 5.8S, 5S·Î ±¸¼º). Àü´Þ RNA(tRNA) ƯÁ¤ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀ» ÇÑÂÊ ³¡¿¡ Áö´Ï°í »óº¸Àû ¼¿ÀÇ mRNA¿Í ÀϽÃÀû °áÇÕÀ» ÀÌ·ç¸ç ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â RNAÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | acid | ÇÑ±Û | »ê |
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| ¼³¸í | ¹°¿¡ ³ì¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ÀÌ¿ÂÈÇÏ¿© ¼ö¼Ò ÀÌ¿ÂÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ¹°Áú. ½Å¸ÀÀÌ ³ª°í û»ö ¸®Æ®¸Ó½º Á¾À̸¦ ºÓ°Ô º¯È½ÃŰ¸ç ¿°±â¿ÍÀÇ ÁßÈ ¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹°°ú ¿°À» ¸¸µé°í ÀÌ¿ÂÈ ¿¿¡¼ ¼ö¼Òº¸´Ù ¾Õ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±Ý¼Ó°ú ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© ¿°À» ¸¸µé¸é¼ ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ ¹ß»ý½ÃŲ´Ù. ¼ö¼Ò ¿øÀÚ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ÂÈÇÏ´Â ÈûÀÇ °¾à¿¡ µû¶ó °»ê°ú ¾à»êÀ¸·Î ³ª´¶´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | acetic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ¾Æ¼¼Æ®»ê, ÃÊ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ºÐÀÚ½ÄÀº C2H4O2, ºÐÀÚ·® 60.05ÀÇ Àú±Þ Áö¹æ»êÀÌ´Ù. CH3COOHÀÇ ±¸Á¶½ÄÀ» °¡Áø ¹«»ö¾×ü·Î 16.7¡É¿¡¼ ³ì°í 118.0¡É¿¡¼ ²ú´Â´Ù. ½ÄÃÊÀÇ ½Å¸ÀÀ» ³»´Â °ÍÀ̰í, ³óÃàµÈ °ÍÀ» ºùÃÊ»êÀ̶ó ÇÑ´Ù. »ó¿Â¿¡¼´Â ¾×üÀÌ¸ç ¼ö¿ë¾×Àº ¾à»ê¼ºÀÌ´Ù. »ýü³»¿¡¼´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Æ¼¼Æ¿ CoA·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ¸ç ¾Æ¼¼Æ¿±âÀÇ °ø±Þ¿øÀÌ µÇ´Â ¿Ü¿¡ Áö¹æ»êÀ̳ª ½ºÅ×·ÎÀÌµå µîÀÇ »ý¼ºÀç·á·Î Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¾Æ¼¼Æ¿ CoA·ÎºÎÅÍ´Â ÄÉÅæÃ¼°¡ ÇÕ¼ºµÇ¸ç Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö¿øÀÌ µÈ´Ù. |
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| ARFC | active rosette-forming T-cell; autologous rosette-forming cell |
|---|---|
| CFC | capillary filtration coefficient; colony-forming capacity; cardiofaciocutaneous [syndrome]; chlorofl... |
| CFU-S, | CFUS colony-forming unit, spleen; colony-forming unit, stem cells |
| PFU | plaque-forming unit; pock-forming unit |
| PA | panic attack; pantothenic acid; paralysis agitans; paranoia; passive aggressive; pathology; patient'... |
| PFU | Plaque Forming Unit |
|---|---|
| AFC | Ab forming cells |
| AFC | Antibody-forming cell |
| ARFC | Autologous rosette-forming cells |
| RFC | B-Rosette Forming Cells |
| antibody-forming cell | <immunology> B-cells (plasma cells) that are dedicated to producing secreted antibodies. (09 Feb 1998) |
|---|---|
| burst forming unit | <haematology> A bone marrow stem cell lineage detected in culture by its mitotic response to erythropoietin and subsequent erythrocytic differentiation in about 12 mitotic cycles into erythrocytes. (18 Nov 1997) |
| maltotriose-forming amylase | <enzyme> Also carries out transglycosylation, forming p-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotetraoside from maltotetraose and p-nitrophenyl alpha-d-glucopyranoside Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- Synonym: g3-amylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| channel forming ionophore | <chemistry> An ionophore that makes an amphipathic pore with hydrophobic exterior and hydrophilic interior. most known types are cation selective. (18 Nov 1997) |
| gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria | <microbiology> Bacteria that form endospores and are gram-positive. Representative genera include bacillus, clostridium, micromonospora, saccharopolyspora, and streptomyces. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gram-positive endospore-forming rods | <microbiology> Rod-shaped bacteria that form endospores and are gram-positive. Representative genera include bacillus and clostridium. (12 Dec 1998) |
| rosette-forming cells | T lymphocytes with an affinity for sheep erythrocytes and which, when suspended in serum, bind the uncoated, nonsensitised erythrocytes in a rosette formation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| colony-forming unit | <cell biology> An individual cell which is able to clone itself into an entire colony of identical cells. Irradiated mice can have their immune systems reconstituted by the injection of bone marrow cells from a nonirradiated animal. The injected cells form colonies in the spleen (hence s), each colony representing the progeny of a pluripotent stem cell. Operationally, therefore, the number of colony-forming units is a measure of the number of stem cells. Acronym: CFU (09 Oct 1997) |
| colony-forming units assay | A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of stem cells by assaying their activity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| plaque-forming unit | <virology> Number of infectious virus particles or Ig producing cells per unit volume. See: plaque assay. <microbiology> Refers to any entity which can give rise to a plaque. For example: if a phage stock solution has 1010 pfu/ml, it means that every ml of this stock has 1010 phage particles which can form plaques. This (pfu/ml) is the conventional way to refer the concentration of a phage preparation. Compare: CFU. (10 Oct 1997) |
| spleen focus-forming viruses | Murine leukaemia viruses that are replication-defective and rapidly transforming. The envelope gene plays an essential role in initiating erythroleukaemia, manifested by splenic foci, splenomegaly, and polycythemia. Spleen focus-forming viruses are generated by recombination with other viral types including friend p (polycythemia), friend a (anaemia), rauscher, and cas (from wild mice at lake casita, california). (12 Dec 1998) |
| endospore-forming bacteria | A group of rods or cocci whose taxonomic affinities are uncertain. They form endospores, thick-walled bodies formed within the vegetative cells of certain bacteria, able to withstand adverse environmental conditions for prolonged periods. (12 Dec 1998) |
| focus-forming assay | <investigation> A lab technique used to find out if a particular piece of DNA contains oncogenes (genes which are associated with cancer). This is done by putting the DNA into animal cells which normally show contact inhibition, or which stop growing when they come into physical contact with other cells or reach a certain density in the culture. If the cells lose contact inhibition and form areas of densely-packed cells (called foci) after receiving the DNA, it means that the DNA did contain oncogenes. (05 Jan 1997) |
| focus-forming unit | A measurement of the concentration of live virus in a given amount of fluid. This is measured by spreading a known amount of the fluid over a layer of cultured cells which are infected by the virus, then counting the number of areas in the culture which look infected. (09 Oct 1997) |
| forming face | The side of the Golgi apparatus which faces the rough endoplasmic reticulum, where vesicles budding off of the rough endoplasmic reticulum fuse to the Golgi apparatus. Also called the cis side of the Golgi apparatus. (09 Oct 1997) |
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