| 영문 | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | 한글 | 데옥시리보핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 핵산의 일종으로 DNA라고도 한다. Deoxyribonucleotide의 중합체이며 유전자의 화학적 본체이다. RNA바이러스 이외의 모든 생물은 DNA를 유전자로 지니고 있다. 디옥시리보뉴클레오티드(deoxyribonucleotide)는 염기와 당(2'-deoxy-D-ribose)과 인산으로 이루어진다. 염기는 아데닌(adenine), 구아닌(guanine), 티민(thymine)및 시토신(cytosine)의 4가지이며, 이것은 당에 부착되어 있다. 인산 역시 당의 한 부분에 부착되어 있다. 이 deoxyribonucleotide의 당은 다른 deoxy- ribonucleotide의 당과 인산을 사이에 놓고 결합을 하게 되어 하나의 긴 사슬을 형성하게 된다. 즉 당과 인산이 주축이 되어서 deoxyribonucleotide의 긴 사슬을 만든다. 이 deoxyribonucleotide의 사슬 두 개는 각각 deoxyribonucleotide에 부착되어 있는 염기들이 결합을 하여 두 개의 사슬이 결합되어 있는 이중나선 구조를 만들게 된다. 4가지 염기 아데닌은 티민과 결합을 하고, 시토신과 결합을 하게 된다. 즉 당과 인산은 긴 사슬을 만드는 역할을 하고 긴 사슬에 부착된 염기들의 결합에 의해서 두 개의 긴 사슬은 서로 붙어서 이중나선 구조를 만든다. DNA의 유전정보는 염기에 저장된다. 4개의 염기의 조합과 배열이 유전정보를 보관하는 하나의 암호 역할을 행하게 된다. |
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| 영문 | retinoic acid | 한글 | 레티노산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | C20H28O2. 비타민 A의 알코올기를 알데히드로 산화한 후 다시 카르복실산으로 산화하여 얻은 산. 발생중의 세포에 작용하여 형태를 만드는데 관여한다. |
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| 영문 | ribonucleic acid | 한글 | 리보핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | Ribonucleotide monomer로 이루어진 핵산으로 염기, 당, 인산으로 구성된다. 염기는 adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil의 4종류가 있으며, 당은 5탄당이다. RNA는 DNA를 주형으로 하여 상보적으로 결합, 형성되며 단백질을 만들어내는 데에 있어 중요한 역할을 한다. 전령 RNA(mRNA)는 단백질 합성에 있어 가장 기본이 되는 DNA의 서열을 상보적으로 옮겨 받아 전달하는 전령구실을 하는 RNA. 리보솜 RNA(rRNA) 리보솜을 형성하는 4가지 RNA사슬(28S, 18S, 5.8S, 5S로 구성). 전달 RNA(tRNA) 특정 아미노산을 한쪽 끝에 지니고 상보적 서열의 mRNA와 일시적 결합을 이루며 단백질 합성에 직접 기여하는 RNA이다. |
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| 영문 | acid | 한글 | 산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 물에 녹았을 때 이온화하여 수소 이온을 만드는 물질. 신맛이 나고 청색 리트머스 종이를 붉게 변화시키며 염기와의 중화 반응에 의하여 물과 염을 만들고 이온화 열에서 수소보다 앞에 있는 금속과 반응하여 염을 만들면서 수소를 발생시킨다. 수소 원자를 이온화하는 힘의 강약에 따라 강산과 약산으로 나뉜다. |
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| 영문 | acetic acid | 한글 | 아세트산, 초산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 분자식은 C2H4O2, 분자량 60.05의 저급 지방산이다. CH3COOH의 구조식을 가진 무색액체로 16.7℃에서 녹고 118.0℃에서 끓는다. 식초의 신맛을 내는 것이고, 농축된 것을 빙초산이라 한다. 상온에서는 액체이며 수용액은 약산성이다. 생체내에서는 일반적으로 아세틸 CoA로 존재하며 아세틸기의 공급원이 되는 외에 지방산이나 스테로이드 등의 생성재료로 중요하다. 아세틸 CoA로부터는 케톤체가 합성되며 조직의 에너지원이 된다. |
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| SAT | saliva alcohol test; satellite; serum antitrypsin; single-agent chemotherapy; slide agglutination te... |
|---|---|
| PAT | Pain Apperception Test; paroxysmal atrial tachycardia; patient; phenylaminotetrazole; physical abili... |
| VDRL test | Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (slide) test |
| TSAT | tube slide agglutination test |
| PA | panic attack; pantothenic acid; paralysis agitans; paranoia; passive aggressive; pathology; patient'... |
| E test | Epsilometer test |
|---|---|
| clofibric acid | 4-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid |
| CDCA | Cholic acid , chenodeoxycholic acid |
| cicloxilic acid | cis-2-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-cyclohexanecarboxilic acid |
| (13)C-UBT | 13)C-urea breath test |
| hanging drop slide | <microscopy> A glass slide with a concavity or a built-up chamber which allows a drop of culture to be placed on a cover- slip inverted over the cell. It makes possible the examination of freely moving protozoa, etc., confined only by the limits of the drop and the bottom surface of the coverslip. (05 Aug 1998) |
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| slide | 1. The act of sliding; as, a slide on the ice. 2. Smooth, even passage or progress. "A better slide into their business." (Bacon) 3. That on which anything moves by sliding. Specifically: An inclined plane on which heavy bodies slide by the force of gravity, especially. One constructed on a mountain side for conveying logs by sliding them down. A surface of ice or snow on which children slide for amusement. 4. That which operates by sliding. Specifically: A cover which opens or closes an aperture by sliding over it. <machinery> A moving piece which is guided by a part or parts along which it slides. A clasp or brooch for a belt, or the like. 5. A plate or slip of glass on which is a picture or delineation to be exhibited by means of a magic lantern, stereopticon, or the like; a plate on which is an object to be examined with a microscope. 6. The descent of a mass of earth, rock, or snow down a hill or mountain side; as, a land slide, or a snow slide; also, the track of bare rock left by a land slide. 7. <geology> A small dislocation in beds of rock along a line of fissure. 8. A grace consisting of two or more small notes moving by conjoint degrees, and leading to a principal note either above or below. An apparatus in the trumpet and trombone by which the sounding tube is lengthened and shortened so as to produce the tones between the fundamental and its harmonics. 9. A sound which, by a gradual change in the position of the vocal organs, passes imperceptibly into another sound. 10. <engineering> Same as Guide bar, under Guide. A slide valve. <engineering> Slide box, a contrivance for holding, moving, and guiding, the cutting tool, made to slide on ways or guides by screws or otherwise, and having compound motion. Slide rule, a mathematical instrument consisting of two parts, one of which slides upon the other, for the mechanical performance of addition and subtraction, and, by means of logarithmic scales, of multiplication and division. Slide valve. Any valve which opens and closes a passageway by sliding over a port. A particular kind of sliding valve, often used in steam engines for admitting steam to the piston and releasing it, alternately, having a cuplike cavity in its face, through which the exhaust steam passes. It is situated in the steam chest, and moved by the valve gear. It is sometimes called a D valve, a name which is also applied to a semicylindrical pipe used as a sliding valve. In the illustration, a is the cylinder of a steam engine, in which plays the piston p; b the steam chest, receiving its supply from the pipe i, and containing the slide valve s, which is shown as admitting steam to one end of the cylinder through the port e, and opening communication between the exhaust passage f and the port c, for the release of steam from the opposite end of the cylinder. Origin: AS. Slide. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| slide micrometer | A scale made on a microscope slide with lines ruled in divisions, usually, of 0.01 mm; typically used to calibrate an ocular micrometer. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gradient elution | Elution in column chromatography in which a changing pH or ionic strength is used to separate substances. (05 Mar 2000) |
| elution | 1. The separation, by washing, of one solid from another. 2. The removal, by means of a suitable solvent, of one material from another that is insoluble in that solvent, as in column chromatography. 3. The removal of antibodies absorbed onto the erythrocyte surface. Synonym: elutriation. Origin: L. E-luo, pp. Lutus, to wash out (05 Mar 2000) |
| elution profile | <chemistry> A graph made to show how much material is being carried out of the column by the eluant in column chromatography over time. The graph will show a number of different peaks, each peak represents a different separated material from the original mixed substance. (09 Oct 1997) |
| elution volume | <chemistry> The amount of eluant which has passed through the column in column chromatography before a particular peak in an elution profile appears, or before a specific substance of interest comes out with the eluant, separated out of the original mixed substance. (09 Oct 1997) |
| acid loading test | <nephrology> This is a test used in the diagnosis of renal tubular acidosis. The patient takes ammonium chloride capsules for 3 days to acidify the blood (lower blood pH). A sample of the urine and the blood is then collected and the results are interpreted. (27 Sep 1997) |
| acid perfusion test | <gastroenterology, investigation> A test used to diagnosis gastrooesophageal reflux disease. This investigation requires that the patient swallow 3 tiny tubes into the stomach. A mixture of hydrochloric acid (like stomach acid) and saline are alternatively injected into the tubes. The patient then reports any symptoms they may have. Some patients may vomit. (13 Nov 1997) |
| acid phosphatase test for semen | A screening test for semen by determining acid phosphatase content; because seminal fluid contains high concentrations of acid phosphatase, while other body fluids and extraneous foreign materials have very low concentrations, high values of acid phosphatase on vaginal aspirate or lavage, or on wash fluid from stains, render positive identification of semen, even if the male is aspermic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acid reflux test | A test to detect gastroesophageal reflux by monitoring oesophageal pH by an electrode in the distal oesophagus either basally or after acid is instilled into the stomach. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bile acid tolerance test | A sensitive test of hepatic dysfunction; following oral administration of labelled or unlabelled bile acid, the measured fractional disappearance rate or 10-minute retention is measured. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vanillylmandelic acid test | A test for catecholamine-secreting tumours (pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma) performed on a 24-hr urine specimen; it is based on the fact that vanillylmandelic acid is the major urinary metabolite of norepinephrine and epinephrine. Synonym: 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid test, VMA test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Palmer acid test for peptic ulcer | In duodenal ulcer, the administration of acid by duodenal tube causes severe pain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gerhardt's test for acetoacetic acid | In fresh urine a red colour develops upon addition of FeCl3; no colour develops if the urine has first been boiled; this test has low specificity and sensitivity. Synonym: Gerhardt's reaction. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|