| 영문 | alcohol | 한글 | 알코올 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 대개 에탄올(ethanol, ethyl alcohol)을 지칭하는 말이다. 물과 같이 맑은 색이지만 특이한 냄새가 있고 끓는 점이 낮은 액체이다. 농도가 높은 것은 의료용 또는 소독제로 쓰이고 낮은 농도로 된 것은 음료(술)로도 이용된다. |
||
| 영문 | ethyl alcohol | 한글 | 에틸알코올 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 지방족 포화알코올의 하나. 각종 알코올 음료 속에 함유되어 있어 주정이라고도 하고, 또 에탄올이라고도 한다. 보통 알코올이라고 하면 이 에틸알코올을 가리킨다. 술의 성분으로서 예전부터 알려져 있었으나, 술이 취하는 원인이 에탄올에 있다는 것을 안 것은 15세기 이후의 일이다. 조성은 처음에 라부아지에나 N.T. 소슈르 등에 의해 측정되고, 게이뤼삭이나 J.B. 뒤마 등에 의해서 확정되었다. 알코올이라는 이름은 원래 눈썹에 칠하는 흑색 안료顔料를 가리키는 아라비아어였는데. 이것의 미소분말을 만드는데 승화법을 사용한 데서 술을 증류하여 가연성 엑스를 만드는 것으로 전화轉化하고, 이것이 다시 증류물을 가리키는 말이 되었다. 알코올이라는 말이 에탄올을 가리키게 되고, 다시 알코올 전반을 가리키게 된 것은 19세기 이후의 일이다. 에탄올을 복용하면 대뇌의 제어기능이 억제되어 흥분상태가 되고, 이어서 중추신경이 억제된다. 무색투명한 휘발성 액체. 특유한 냄새와 맛을 가지며, 인체에 흡수되면 흥분이나 마취 작용을 일으킨다. 화학약품의 합성 원료, 용제, 연료, 알코올성 음료 따위로 쓴다. 알코올은 간세포에 존재하는 알코올탈수소효소(alcohol dehydrogenase)가 대사한다. 급성 중독 증상은 혈중 알코올 농도와 비례한다. 혈중 알코올 농도가 높아질수록 중추신경계는 억제되어 혈중 농도가 3.5~4.5mg/mL이면 혼수에 빠져 사망할 수도 있다. |
||
| 영문 | fetal alcohol syndrome | 한글 | 태아알코올증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 임신기간 중 만성적으로 알코올을 섭취한 여자에게서 태어난 영아에게 나타나는 형태발생의 이상을 나타내는 증후군으로서 위턱뼈발육부전, 앞머리와 아래턱의 돌출, 짧은검열, 작은안구증, 눈구석주름, 심한 성장지연, 정신지체 등을 나타낸다. |
||
| ABC | absolute basophil count; absolute bone conduction; acalculous biliary colic; acid balance control; a... |
|---|---|
| ACD | absolute cardiac dullness; absolute claudication distance; acid-citrate-dextrose [solution]; actinom... |
| AR | absolute risk; accounts receivable; achievement ratio; actinic reticuloid [syndrome]; active resista... |
| AA/AD | alcohol abuse/alcohol dependence |
| ABR | Absolute Bed Rest |
| ALC | Absolute Lymphocyte Count |
|---|---|
| ANC | Absolute Neutrophil Count |
| AP | Absolute Pitch |
| ACD | Absolute claudication distance |
| ARR | Absolute risk reduction |
| absolute alcohol | Water having been removed. Synonym: anhydrous alcohol. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| absolute | 1. Loosed from any limitation or condition; uncontrolled; unrestricted; unconditional; as, absolute authority, monarchy, sovereignty, an absolute promise or command; absolute power; an absolute monarch. 2. Complete in itself; perfect; consummate; faultless; as, absolute perfection; absolute beauty. "So absolute she seems, And in herself complete." (Milton) 3. Viewed apart from modifying influences or without comparison with other objects; actual; real; opposed to relative and comparative; as, absolute motion; absolute time or space. Absolute rights and duties are such as pertain to man in a state of nature as contradistinguished from relative rights and duties, or such as pertain to him in his social relations. 4. Loosed from, or unconnected by, dependence on any other being; self-existent; self-sufficing. In this sense God is called the Absolute by the Theist. The term is also applied by the Pantheist to the universe, or the total of all existence, as only capable of relations in its parts to each other and to the whole, and as dependent for its existence and its phenomena on its mutually depending forces and their laws. 5. Capable of being thought or conceived by itself alone; unconditioned; non-relative. It is in dispute among philosopher whether the term, in this sense, is not applied to a mere logical fiction or abstraction, or whether the absolute, as thus defined, can be known, as a reality, by the human intellect. "To Cusa we can indeed articulately trace, word and thing, the recent philosophy of the absolute." (Sir W. Hamilton) 6. Positive; clear; certain; not doubtful. "I am absolute 't was very Cloten." (Shak) 7. Authoritative; peremptory. "The peddler stopped, and tapped her on the head, With absolute forefinger, brown and ringed." (Mrs. Browning) 8. <chemistry> Pure; unmixed; as, absolute alcohol. 9. Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence in government; as, the case absolute. See Ablative absolute, under Ablative. <geometry> Absolute curvature, the sum of the optic and eccentric equations. <physics> Absolute space, space considered without relation to material limits or objects. Absolute terms. <mathematics> The be ginning, or zero point, in the scale of absolute temperature. It is equivalent to -273 deg centigrade or -459.4 deg Fahrenheit. Synonym: Positive, peremptory, certain, unconditional, unlimited, unrestricted, unqualified, arbitrary, despotic, autocratic. Origin: L. Absolutus, p. P. Of absolvere: cf. F. Absolu. See Absolve. <geometry> In a plane, the two imaginary circular points at infinity; in space of three dimensions, the imaginary circle at infinity. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| absolute agraphia | Agraphia in which not even unconnected letters can be written. Synonym: atactic agraphia, literal agraphia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute CD4 count | The number of helper T-lymphocytes in a cubic millimeter of blood. With HIV, the absolute CD4 count declines as the infection progresses. The absolute CD4 count is frequently used to monitor the extent of immune suppression in persons with HIV. Also called a T4 count. (12 Dec 1998) |
| absolute configuration | <chemistry> The three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms around the chiral centre of a molecule. (09 Oct 1997) |
| absolute dehydration | Actual water deficit as measured by a difference from the normal or from a given water content. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute eosinophil count | <haematology, investigation> A measurement (cells per microlitre) of the number of eosinophils in a blood specimen. This measurement is useful in the evaluation of autoimmune disease, allergies, eczema, leukaemia, asthma and hay fever. Normal absolute eosinophil counts are less than 350 cells/mcl (microlitre). (27 Sep 1997) |
| absolute filter | <apparatus> A fine-pored, steam-sterilisable filter that is used to trap airborne microorganisms. The filter's pores are about 2 micrometres in diameter, smaller than the particles it is designed to remove. (06 May 1997) |
| absolute glaucoma | The final stage of blindness in glaucoma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute gravity | <chemistry> The value that denotes the density (specific gravity) at standard conditions (for gases, these conditions are standard atmospheric pressure at zero degrees Celsius). (06 May 1997) |
| absolute hemianopia | Hemianopsia in which the affected field is totally insensitive to all visual stimuli. Synonym: complete hemianopia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute hyperopia | Manifest hyperopia that cannot be overcome by an effort of accommodation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute instabilities | <physics> A class of plasma instabilities growing exponentially with time at a point in space, in contrast to convective instabilities. (09 Oct 1997) |
| absolute intensity threshold acuity | The minimal light that can be seen. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute leukocytosis | An actual increase in the total number of leukocytes in the circulating blood, as distinguished from a relative increase (such as that observed in dehydration). (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute oils | Essential oils that are obtained by the removal of insoluble compounds from concrete oils. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute alcohol |
pure ethyl alcohol (containing no more than 1% water)
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
|---|
| absolute alcohol | pure ethyl alcohol (containing no more than 1% water) |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|