| CP | candle power; capillary pressure; cardiac pacing; cardiac performance; cardiopulmonary; caudate puta... |
|---|---|
| ICD | I-cell disease; immune complex disease; implantable cardioverter defibrillator; impulse-control diso... |
| MASER | microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation |
| MW | Mallory-Weiss [syndrome]; mean weight; megawatt; microwave; Minot-von Willebrand [syndrome]; molecul... |
| MWD | microwave diathermy; molecular weight distribution |
| ILSI | International Life Science Institute |
|---|---|
| MW | Microwave |
| MCT | Microwave coagulation therapy |
| MAE | Microwave-assisted extraction |
| PMCT | Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy |
| microwave interferometer | <radiobiology> A microwave interferometer uses radio waves in the microwave frequency (or wavelength) range as the electromagnetic signal. Microwave interferometers are used to measure the line-averaged density of a plasma along the path through which the microwave beam is passed, through phase shifts in the propagated beam. See: interferometer, interferometry. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| microwave radiation | Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 3 millimetres and 300 millimetres. Used in radar, these waves have frequencies between 1-100 gigahertz. Microwaves have also been harnessed for cooking in microwave ovens. (09 Oct 1997) |
| microwave therapy | Treatment with high frequency radiations of 3,000,000,000 Hz (3000 MHz), at a wavelength of 10 cm. Synonym: microwave therapy. Origin: micro-+ G. Kyma, a wave, + therapeia, treatment (05 Mar 2000) |
| retracted publication | Designation of an article or book retracted in whole or in part by an author or authors or an authorised representative. It identifies a citation previously published and now retracted through a formal issuance from the author, publisher, or other authorised agent, and is distinguished from retraction of publication, which identifies the citation retracting the original published item. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retraction of publication | A statement issued by one or more authors of an article or a book, withdrawing or disavowing acknowledgment of their participation in performing research or writing the results of their study. In indexing, the retraction is sent to the editor of the publication in which the article appeared and is published under the rubric "retraction" or in the form of a letter. This publication type designates the author's statement of retraction: it should be differentiated from retracted publication which labels the retracted publication. (12 Dec 1998) |
| publication bias | The influence of study results on the chances of publication and the tendency of investigators, reviewers, and editors to submit or accept manuscripts for publication based on the direction or strength of the study findings. Publication bias has an impact on the interpretation of clinical trials and meta-analyses. Bias can be minimised by insistence by editors on high-quality research, thorough literature reviews, acknowledgement of conflicts of interest, modification of peer review practices, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
| duplicate publication | Simultaneous or successive publishing of identical or near- identical material in two or more different sources without acknowledgment. It differs from reprinted publication in that a reprint cites sources. It differs from plagiarism in that duplicate publication is the product of the same authorship while plagiarism publishes a work or parts of a work of another as one's own. The designation given an article or book of identical or nearly identical material published simultaneously or successively with the material previously published elsewhere, without acknowledgment. (12 Dec 1998) |
| American Law Institute formulation | Used in certain jurisdictions to determine criminal responsibility in legal proceedings. See: criminal insanity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| American Law Institute rule | A test of criminal responsibility (1962): "a person is not responsible for criminal conduct if at the time of such conduct as a result of mental disease or defect he lacks substantial capacity either to appreciate the wrongfulness of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of law." (05 Mar 2000) |
| national institute for occupational safety and health | An institute of the centres for disease control and prevention which is responsible for assuring safe and healthful working conditions and for developing standards of safety and health. Research activities are carried out pertinent to these goals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| national institute of mental health | A component of the national institutes of health concerned with research, overall planning, promoting, and administering mental health programs and research. (12 Dec 1998) |
| institute | 1. The act of instituting; institution. "Water sanctified by Christ's institute." 2. That which is instituted, established, or fixed, as a law, habit, or custom. 3. Hence: An elementary and necessary principle; a precept, maxim, or rule, recognised as established and authoritative; usually in the plural, a collection of such principles and precepts; especially, a comprehensive summary of legal principles and decisions; as, the Institutes of Justinian; Coke's Institutes of the Laws of England. Cf. Digest, "They made a sort of institute and digest of anarchy." (Burke) "To make the Stoics' institutes thy own." (Dryden) 4. An institution; a society established for the promotion of learning, art, science, etc.; a college; as, the Institute of Technology; also, a building owned or occupied by such an institute; as, the Cooper Institute. 5. The person to whom an estate is first given by destination or limitation. Institutes of medicine, theoretical medicine; that department of medical science which attempts to account philosophically for the various phenomena of health as well as of disease; physiology applied to the practice of medicine. Origin: L. Institutum: cf. F. Institut. See Institute, &. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| institute of medicine | Identifies, for study and analysis, important issues and problems that relate to health and medicine. The institute initiates and conducts studies of national policy and planning for health care and health-related education and research; it also responds to requests from the federal government and other agencies for studies and advice. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Systeme International d'Unites | See: International System of Units. (05 Mar 2000) |
| international | 1. Between or among nations; pertaining to the intercourse of nations; participated in by two or more nations; common to, or affecting, two or more nations. 2. Of or concerning the association called the International. International code, a common system of signaling adopted by nearly all maritime nations, whereby communication may be had between vessels at sea. International copyright. See Copyright. International law, the rules regulating the mutual intercourse of nations. International law is mainly the product of the conditions from time to time of international intercourse, being drawn from diplomatic discussion, textbooks, proof of usage, and from recitals in treaties. It is called public when treating of the relations of sovereign powers, and private when of the relations of persons of different nationalities. International law is now, by the better opinion, part of the common law of the land. Cf. Conflict of laws, under Conflict. Origin: Pref. Inter- + national: cf. F. International. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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