| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
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| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| ECG | Electro-Cardio-Graphy(-Gram); 심전도 = EKG 1. Conducting System Structu... |
| AAPL | American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
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Zeune's law 맹인의 수는 적도에 가까운 열대지방에서 증가한다.
zidovudin
| Weigert's law | The loss or destruction of a part or element in the organic world is likely to result in compensatory replacement and overproduction of tissue during the process of regeneration or repair (or both), as in the formation of callus when a fractured bone heals. Synonym: overproduction theory. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Weigert-Gram stain | <technique> A stain for bacteria in tissues in which sections are stained in alum-haematoxylin, then in eosin, aniline methyl violet, and Lugol's solution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Weigert's iron haematoxylin stain | <technique> A nuclear staining solution containing haematoxylin, ferric chloride, and hydrochloric acid; useful in combination with von Gieson's stain, especially for demonstrating connective tissue elements or Entamoeba histolytica in sections. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Weigert's stain | <technique> 1. For actinomyces, a staining method using immersion in a dark red orsellin solution in alcohol, then staining in crystal-violet solution. See: iron haematoxylin. 2. For elastin, a staining solution of fuchsin, resorcin, and ferric chloride; elastic fibres stain blue-black. 3. For fibrin, a staining method using solutions of aniline-crystal violet and iodine-potassium iodide, then decolorizing in aniline oil and xylol; the fibrin is stained dark blue. 4. For myelin, a staining method using ferric chloride and haematoxylin; myelin stains deep blue, degenerated portions a light yellowish colour. 5. For neuroglia, a complicated process in which the final treatment is like that for staining fibrin; neuroglia and nuclei stain blue. 6. For reticulum, a silver impregnation technique in which reticulum appears as black, well-defined fibres without beading and with a relatively clear background. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Weigert, Carl | <person> German pathologist, 1845-1904. See: Weigert's law, Weigert's iodine solution. See entries under stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| weigert-meyer rule | <radiology> Applies to duplex collecting systems, upper-pole ureter, obstruction most likely to be hydronephrosis, inserts more inferiorly and medially in bladder, may insert into urethra, vagina, etc., males not incontinent: insertion above ext. Sphincter, associated with ureterocele, lower-pole ureter, reflux most likely to be pyelonephritis see also: drooping lily sign (12 Dec 1998) |
| Weigert's iodine solution | An iodine-potassium iodide mixture used as a reagent to alter crystal and methyl violet so that they are retained by certain bacteria and fungi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Abbe's law of limiting resolution | <physics> For a periodic structure of units separated by distance d and obliquely illuminated by the unrefracted ray and one of the two diffracted rays (extremely oblique illumination). Abbe applied the law of diffraction: d = 0.5 lambda /NA, where: lambda = wavelength of the monochromic light or shortest of mixed wavelengths NA = the limiting numerical aperture (NA) of objective or condenser. (05 Aug 1998) |
| all or none law | Consistently total response to any effective stimulus. Synonym: all or none law. (05 Mar 2000) |
| American Law Institute formulation | Used in certain jurisdictions to determine criminal responsibility in legal proceedings. See: criminal insanity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| American Law Institute rule | A test of criminal responsibility (1962): "a person is not responsible for criminal conduct if at the time of such conduct as a result of mental disease or defect he lacks substantial capacity either to appreciate the wrongfulness of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of law." (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ampere's law | <physics> General equation in electromagnetism relating the magnetic field and the currents generating it. The various forms of the equation can be found in an introductory electromagnetism text. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Angstrom's law | A substance absorbs light of the same wavelength as it emits when luminous. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Arndt's law | An obsolete law stating that weak stimuli excite physiologic activity, moderately strong ones favour it, strong ones retard it, and very strong ones arrest it. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Arrhenius law | The theory of electrolytic dissociation (1887) that became the basis of our modern understanding of electrolytes: in an electrically conductive solution (e.g., acid, base, or salt), free ions are present before electrolysis, and the proportion of molecules dissociated into ions can be calculated from measurements of electrical conductivity as well as of osmotic pressure. Synonym: Arrhenius law. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Weigert's law, stain (method) |
see under law, and see Stains and Staining Methods, under stain.
출처: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_health_library.j...
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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