| 영문 | vitamin | 한글 | 비타민 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 생체에 꼭 필요한 영양분이지만, 내부에서 합성되지 않으므로 반드시 외부에서 보충해야만 되는 것을 말한다. 부족시 생명유지가 어려우며, 특히 일부 비타민은 과다시에도 이상을 유발하므로 항상 적정수준을 유지해야 한다. 비타민 A, D, E, K는 지용성 비타민으로 축적이 가능하나, 나머지는 수용성으로 매일 섭취해야 한다. 비타민 B2(vitamin B2) Riboflavin이라고도 함. 주로 우유, 치즈, 계란, 간, 등에 많다. 부족시 입술주위가 갈라지는 입술염, 입술안에 염증이 생기는 입안염, 그리고 각종 피부병 등이 발생한다. 주로 가난한 후진국에 많이 발생하며, 일부 여성에서 지나친 다이어트로 인해 발생하기도 한다. 비타민 B6(vitamin B6) 이것은 pyridoxine이라고도 부르며 pyridoxine, pyridoxal 및 pyridoxamine 세 가지의 화합물이 있다. 이들은 모두 체내에서 pyridoxal phosphate로 활성화되어 조효소로 작용한다. 이는 체내 아미노산 대사에 중요한 역할을 하는 조효소이다. 이 비타민이 결핍되면 다발성 말초신경염, 빈혈 및 피부병이 생긴다. 비타민 B12(vitamin B12) 적혈구의 생성에 필수불가결한 비타민이다. 부족시 특징적인 대적혈모구)가 혈액내에서 관찰된다. 대부분의 식사하는 물질에 들어있으므로 인체의 내적이상이 있지 않고는 잘 발생하지 않는다. 대표적인 경우가 악성빈혈로써, 이 비타민은 위에서 분비되는 내인자(intrinsic factor)와 이자효소의 작용이 있어야만 흡수가 되는 데, 만약 여기에 이상이 있으면 제대로 흡수가 되지 않으므로 혈액내에 정상적혈구의 감소와 거대적혈구의 증가가 나타나, 빈혈이 발생한다. 이 빈혈에 대한 진단은 쉴링검사(Schilling test)로써 가능하며, 치료는 비타민의 투여이다. 비타민 C(vitamin C) 주로 푸른 채소에 많다. 옛날에 서양에서 배를 타고 항해하던 사람들에게서 이유를 알 수 없는 잦은 출혈과 멍으로 자주 사망하는 경우가 생겨 괴혈병(scurvy)이라고 불리웠다. 나중에 그 이유가 푸른 채소의 섭취부족으로 인한 비타민C 결핍인 것을 알았다. 이 비타민은 결합조직의 형성에 중요한 작용을 하므로 만약 부족시 결체조직의 형성이 제대로 일어나지 않아 혈관이 손상되어 잦은 출혈과 멍이 들면 잘 낫지 않는 증상, 그리고 결합조직이 있는 뼈에도 이상이 발생한다. 치료는 비타민의 섭취이다. 비타민 D(vitamin D) 혈중칼슘농도의 조절에 중요한 작용을 한다. 이 비타민은 위창자관에서의 칼슘흡수를 촉진하고, 소변으로의 배설을 감소시켜, 혈중칼슘농도와 인산염농도의 증가를 가져온다. 따라서 소아기에서 감소시 뼈의 성장이 어렵고, 쉽게 부러지는 경향을 가지고, 심하면 곱추가 되는 구루병(rickets)이 발생한다. 성인에서 감소시에는 뼈의 칼슘농도가 감소하여 생기는 골연화증(osteomalacia)이 발생한다. 치료는 비타민의 투여이다. 비타민 E(vitamin E) 주로 푸른 잎을 가진 채소와 귀리(wheat germ)에 많다. 산소에 대한 독성을 감소시키는 것으로 알려져 있어, 산소독성으로 발생되는 것으로 추정되는 미숙아망막증의 예방에 사용된다. 또한 부족시 용혈이 일어난다. 비타민 K(vitamin K) 간에서 만들어지는 혈액응고물질의 생성에 필수적이다. 따라서 부족시 혈액응고가 이루어지지 않아 조그만 상처에도 출혈경향을 보인다. 주로 간, 채소기름, 잎을 가진 채소 등에 많다. 대개 부족은 신생아에게서 많이 관찰된다. |
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| P-P factor | Pellagra Preventive factor = Vitamin G |
|---|---|
| VDRE | Vitamin D Responsive Element |
| AVC | aberrant ventricular conduction; Academy of Veterinary Cardiology; aortic valve closure; associative... |
| DBP | diastolic blood pressure; dibutylphthalate; distobuccopulpal; Dohle body panmyelopathy; vitamin D-bi... |
| HVDRR | hypocalcemic vitamin D-resistant rickets |
| 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) | 1, 25(OH)(2) Vitamin D(3 |
|---|---|
| 1,25-D | 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D |
| VD3 | 1,25-dihydroxy-Vitamin D3 |
| VDR | 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 receptor |
| VDR | D/vitamin D receptor |
| vitamin A | <biochemistry> Deficiency of this vitamin interferes with the production of rhodopsin in the eye resulting in night blindness and xerophthalmia. (27 Sep 1997) |
|---|---|
| vitamin A aldehyde | <chemical> A carotenoid constituent of visual pigments. It is the oxidised form of retinol which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is bound to the protein opsin forming the complex rhodopsin. When stimulated by visible light, the retinal component of the rhodopsin complex undergoes isomerization at the 11-position of the double bond to the cis-form; this is reversed in "dark" reactions to return to the native trans-configuration. Chemical name: Retinal (03 Jul 1999) |
| vitamin a deficiency | A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of vitamin a in the diet, characterised by night blindness and other ocular manifestations such as dryness of the conjunctiva and later of the cornea (xerophthalmia). Vitamin a deficiency is a very common problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries as a consequence of famine or shortages of vitamin a-rich foods. In the united states it is found among the urban poor, the elderly, alcoholics, and patients with malabsorption. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vitamin A unit | The specific biologic activity of 0.3 ug of vitamin A (alcohol form). See: Sherman-Munsell unit. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin A1 | Vitamin A1alcohol; 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-(9'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylnona-1',3',5',7'-tetraenyl)cyclohex-1-ene;a half-carotene bearing the b (or beta-ionone) form of the cyclic end group and a CH2OH at the C-15 position (numbering as in carotenoids) or 9'-position (numbering as a nonyl side chain on a cyclohexene ring); an intermediate in the vision cycle, it also plays a role in growth and differentiation. See: dehydroretinol. Synonym: vitamin A1 alcohol, vitamin A1. Retinol dehydrogenase, an oxidoreductase catalyzing interconversion of retinal and NADH to retinol and NAD+. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin A1 acid | <biochemistry> The aldehyde (retinal) has long been known to be involved in photoreception, but retinoic acid has other roles. There are cytoplasmic retinoic acid binding proteins and retinoic acid response elements that regulate gene transcription. Retinoic acid is thought to be a morphogen in chick limb bud development and in early development of the chick that probably accounts for its potent teratogenic action. Synonym: vitamin A. (03 Jul 1999) |
| vitamin A1 alcohol | Vitamin A1alcohol; 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-(9'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylnona-1',3',5',7'-tetraenyl)cyclohex-1-ene;a half-carotene bearing the b (or beta-ionone) form of the cyclic end group and a CH2OH at the C-15 position (numbering as in carotenoids) or 9'-position (numbering as a nonyl side chain on a cyclohexene ring); an intermediate in the vision cycle, it also plays a role in growth and differentiation. See: dehydroretinol. Synonym: vitamin A1 alcohol, vitamin A1. Retinol dehydrogenase, an oxidoreductase catalyzing interconversion of retinal and NADH to retinol and NAD+. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin A2 | 3-Dehydroretinol;retinol with an additional double bond in the 3-4 position of the cyclohexane ring. Synonym: vitamin A2. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin A2 aldehyde | 3-Dehydroretinaldehyde;dehydroretinol with -CHO instead of -CH2OH at the terminal carbon of the side chain. Synonym: retinene-2, vitamin A2 aldehyde. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antiberiberi vitamin | A member of the water-soluble B vitamin group, necessary for energy production and carbohydrate metabolism. Deficiency is known as beriberi. (27 Sep 1997) |
|---|---|
| antihemorrhagic vitamin | <biochemistry> A fat soluble vitamin that plays an important role in blood clotting. (27 Sep 1997) |
| antineuritic vitamin | A member of the water-soluble B vitamin group, necessary for energy production and carbohydrate metabolism. Deficiency is known as beriberi. (27 Sep 1997) |
| antiscorbutic vitamin | <biochemistry> A requisite in the diet of man and guinea pigs. May act as a reducing agent in enzymic reactions, particularly those catalysed by hydroxylases. Synonym: Vitamin C. (18 Nov 1997) |
| antisterility vitamin | <biochemistry> Functions as an antioxidant, binds oxygen free radicals that can cause tissue damage, may also play a protective role in the coronary arteries from the damaging effects of cholesterol. (27 Sep 1997) |
| b-complex vitamin | <biochemistry> A group of vitamins that includes: B1(thiamin), B2 riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B6(pyridoxine), B12 (cobalamin) and folate. (24 Mar 1998) |
| vitamin | <biochemistry> An essential low molecular weight organic compound required in trace amounts for normal growth and metabolic processes. They usually serve as components of coenzyme systems. For humans Vitamin A, the B series, C, D1 and D2, E and K are required. Deficiencies of one or more vitamins in the nutrient supply result in deficiency diseases. (11 Nov 1997) |
| vitamin B | A group of water-soluble substances originally considered as one vitamin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin B1 | <biochemistry> A member of the water-soluble B vitamin group, necessary for energy production and carbohydrate metabolism. Deficiency is known as beriberi. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin B12 | <biochemistry> Member of the water soluble B vitamin group, important in the proper function of the nervous system and important in proper carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin b 12 | <chemical> A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin b 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. Pharmacological action: haematinics. Chemical name: Vitamin B12 (12 Dec 1998) |
| vitamin B12 absorption test | <investigation> This test measures the amount of vitamin B12 in the urine after ingesting a dose of B12. This test evaluates vitamin B12 absorption. The cells in the stomach produce a substance known as intrinsic factor. This substance combines with B12 to allow absorption in the distal ileum. The patient is given a small dose of radioactive B12 which can then be detected in the patients urine. Pernicious anaemia is the clinical result of B12 deficiency. Conditions that can result in an abnormal Schilling test include: deficiency of intrinsic factor, malabsorption or the development of an antibody to intrinsic factor. The Schilling test can be performed with or without administration of intrinsic factor to determine what the underlying cause for pernicious anaemia. Laxative use, renal insufficiency and hypothyroidism can all interfere with the results of this test. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin B12 deficiency | A form of anaemia (low red blood cell counts) that results when the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of red blood cells due to a deficiency in vitamin B12. Intrinsic factor, necessary for normal B12 absorption, may be the underlying cause for B12 deficiency if is not produced in the gastric glands (in the stomach). (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin b 12 deficiency | A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of vitamin b 12 in the diet, characterised by megaloblastic anaemia. Since vitamin b 12 is not present in plants, humans have obtained their supply from animal products, from multivitamin supplements in the form of pills, and as additives to food preparations. A wide variety of neuropsychiatric abnormalities is also seen in vitamin b 12 deficiency and appears to be due to an undefined defect involving myelin synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vitamin B12 neuropathy | A subacute or chronic disorder of the spinal cord, such as that occurring in certain patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, characterised by a slight to moderate degree of gliosis in association with spongiform degeneration of the posterior and lateral columns. Synonym: combined sclerosis, combined system disease, funicular myelitis, Putnam-Dana syndrome, vitamin B12 neuropathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms : 11-cis-Retinol, 3, 7-dimethyl-9-(2, 6, 6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2, 4, 6, 8-nonatetraen-1-ol, (all-E)-Isomer, All-Trans-Retinol, Aquasol A, Vitamin A1, All Trans Retinol
Synonyms : Deficiency, Vitamin A, Deficiencies, Vitamin A, Vitamin A Deficiencies
| vitamin A |
any of several fat-soluble vitamins essential for normal vision; prevents night blindness or inflammation or dryness of the eyes
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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|---|---|
| vitamin A1 |
an unsaturated alcohol that occurs in marine fish-liver oils and is synthesized biologically from carotene
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
| vitamin A2 |
a viscous alcohol that is less active in mammals than is vitamin A1
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
| vitamin A |
Retinol, the dietary form of vitamin A, is a fat-soluble, antioxidant vitamin important in vision and bone growth. It belongs to the family of chemical compounds known as retinoids. Retinol is ingested in a precursor form; animal sources (milk and eggs) contain retinyl esters, whereas plants (carrots, spinach) contain carotenoids. Tissue cells convert these precursors to retinol, and then to either retinal or retinoic acid. ...
출처: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_A
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| vitamin A |
A substance used in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called retinoids.
출처: www.stjude.org/glossary
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| Vitamin A | any of several fat-soluble vitamins essential for normal vision |
|---|---|
| Vitamin A | an unsaturated alcohol that occurs in marine fish-liver oils and is synthesized biologically from carotene |
| Vitamin A | a viscous alcohol that is less active in mammals than is vitamin A1 |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
