| 영문 | public health | 한글 | 공중보건 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 집단이나 지역사회의 건강을 연구하는 예방의학. 18세기 중엽부터 산업혁명에 의해 인구가 도시로 집중되고 생활환경이 열악화되어 콜레라나 결핵 등이 유행했기 때문에 그 대책으로 탄생하게 되었다. 우리 나라에서는 광복 후부터 보건소의 설치나 대학의 강좌 신설 등 근대적인 공동보건행정이 이루어지게 되었다. 이 때까지는 일제 식민당국의 경찰력에 의한 명령과 단속으로 시종 해왔다. 현재도 우리나라의 도시 환경 정비가 유럽 여러 나라나 미국에 비해 뒤진 것은 이러한 영향 때문이다. 최근에는 공중보건의 주된 목적이 전염병 대책에서 암-뇌중풍-심장병-당뇨병 등 생활습관병 대책으로 옮겨지고 있다. |
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| 영문 | health | 한글 | 건강 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신체적-정신적으로 병이 없는 상태. 세계보건기구(WHO)의 헌장에는 “건강이란 질병이 없거나 허약하지 않은 것만 말하는 것이 아니라 신체적-정신적-사회적으로 완전히 안녕한 상태에 놓여 있는 것”이라고 정의하고 있다. 사람은 인종-종교-정치-경제-사회의 상태 여하를 불문하고 고도의 건강을 누릴 권리가 있다는 것을 명시한 것이다. 즉 과거에는, 건강이란 육체적-정신적으로 질병이나 이상이 없고, 개인적으로 정상적인 생활을 영위할 수 있는 신체상태를 말하였으나, 오늘날에는 개인이 사회생활에 의존하는 경향이 커짐에 따라서 사회가 각 개인의 건강에 기대하는 것도 많아졌기 때문에 사회적인 건강이란 면에서 이와 같은 정의가 생겨난 것으로 보인다. 한국의 헌법에는 건강을 “모든 국민이 마땅히 누려야 할 기본적인 권리”라고 규정하고 있어 건강을 하나의 기본권적 개념으로 보고 있다. 또한 질병이 없는 상태라는 수동적 건강에 대한 태도에서, 금주-금연 등 생활습관의 변화나 운동 같은 적극적으로 건강해지려는 노력 등 능동적 태도가 강조되고 있다. 건강의 구체적 요소로는 육체적인 형태적 요소(신장-체중과 같은 외형적 계측값이나 내장의 여러 기관 등)와 기능적 요소(여러 기관의 생리기능이나 종합적인 체력 등), 정신기능적 요소로 분류하여 평가하기도 한다. |
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| 영문 | industrial health | 한글 | 산업보건 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 기업체는 근로자의 생명과 건강에 대한 안전위생관리체제가 기업의 종류와 규모에 상응하게 의무화할 필요가 있다. 산업보건이란 이러한 노동위생문제의 개념을 더욱 폭넓게 확대하고 특히 근로자의 건강을 촉진시키고 재해를 예방한다거나 쾌적한 근로환경을 조성할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. |
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| DPH | Department of Public Health; diphenhydramine; diphenylhexatriene; diphenylhydantoin; Diploma in Publ... |
|---|---|
| APA | action potential amplitude; aldosterone-producing adenoma; Ambulatory Pediatric Association; America... |
| MD-MPH | Doctor of Medicine-Master of Public Health [combined degree in medicine and public health] |
| PHN | paroxysmal noctural hemoglobinuria; passive Heymann nephritis; postherpetic neuralgia; public health... |
| DrPH | Doctor of Public Health; Doctor of Public Hygiene |
| APHA | American Public Health Association |
|---|---|
| JAMA | Journal of the American Medical Association |
| PHLS | Public Health Laboratory Service |
| PHN | Public Health Nurse |
| P.H.S. | Public Health Service |
| journal article | The predominant publication type for articles and other items indexed for nlm databases. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| schools, public health | Educational institutions for individuals specializing in the field of public health. (12 Dec 1998) |
| public health | The health of the human population as a whole. (09 Oct 1997) |
| public health administration | Management of public health organizations or agencies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| public health dentistry | A dental specialty concerned with the prevention of disease and the maintenance of oral health through promoting organised dental health programs at a community, state, or federal level. (12 Dec 1998) |
| public health nurse | A nurse who provides care to individuals or groups in a community outside of institutions. Usually works through the auspices of a state or city health department. Synonym: community health nurse, community nurse. (05 Mar 2000) |
| public health nursing | The field of nursing focusing on the health of the community through educational and preventive programs, as well as providing treatment and diagnostic services. (12 Dec 1998) |
| public health practice | The activities and endeavors of the public health services in a community on any level. (12 Dec 1998) |
| environment and public health | Natural and man-made environments and their impact on public health. (12 Dec 1998) |
| united states public health service | See: USPHS. (12 Dec 1998) |
| egyptian | Pertaining to Egypt, in Africa. Egyptian bean. <botany> A medium-sized tree (Acacia vera). It is one of the chief sources of the best gum arabic. Origin: L. Aegyptius, Gr, fr. (L. Aegyptus) Egypt: cf. F. Egyptien. Cf. Gypsy. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| Egyptian haematuria | Infection with Schistosoma haematobium, the eggs of which invade the urinary tract, causing cystitis and haematuria, and possibly an increased likelihood of bladder cancer. Synonym: bladder schistosomiasis, Egyptian haematuria, endemic haematuria, urinary schistosomiasis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Egyptian ophthalmia | <ophthalmology> A chronic infectious disease of the conjunctiva and cornea, producing photophobia, pain, lacrimation and blindness. It is one of the oldest infectious diseases known to mankind, and dates back several thousand years with first documentation as early as the pharaonic era in Egypt. The disease is associated with poor socioeconomic conditions in general: with overcrowding, poor personal and environmental hygiene and, in particular, with very limited access to water and sanitation. Trachoma has been eliminated as a blinding disease from several previously hyperendemic countries and regions, both through significant improvements in the socioeconomic status of populations and through specific control efforts. Despite these successes, in many least developed countries of the world blinding trachoma continues to be an important public health problem. In some of the countries where trachoma was once hyperendemic, there remain residual pockets of blinding trachoma and complications, such as inturned eyelashes (trichiasis), which require eyelid surgery. Today, the disease is found mainly in poor rural areas, including parts of central and south America, most African countries and some countries in the Eastern Mediterranean. Trachoma is still endemic in several Asian countries, but there is a lack of updated information from some major populations, e.g. In India and China. The organism that causes this disease is Chlamydia trachomatis; a microorganism resembling both bacteria and viruses, which spreads through contact with eye discharge from the infected person (on towels, handkerchiefs, fingers, etc.) and through transmission by eye-seeking flies. Chlamydia trachomatis provokes an inflammatory reaction in the eye with formation of follicles in the conjunctiva. After years of repeated infections, the inside of the eyelids may be scarred so severely that the eyelid turns inwards with eyelashes rubbing on the eyeball. If untreated, this condition leads to blindness. The World Health Organization is working towards global elimination of trachoma, which is responsible, at present, for at least 15% of the world's blindness. Worldwide, there are about 6 million people largely irreversibly blinded by trachoma, and an estimated 146 million cases of active disease in need of treatment, if blindness is to be prevented. International efforts to eliminate trachoma as a blinding disease will be based on a combination of interventions known by the acronym "SAFE", which stands for Surgery for trichiasis (inturned eyelashes), Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness and Environmental improvement. These interventions will be community-targeted and will seek community involvement through the primary health care approach. Origin: Gr. Trachoma = roughness (07 May 1998) |
| Egyptian splenomegaly | Term sometimes used as a synonym for schistosomiasis mansoni, although hepatomegaly and fibrosis are more consistently found than is an enlarged spleen. (05 Mar 2000) |
| public assistance | Financial assistance to impoverished persons for the essentials of living through federal, state or local government programs. (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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