| 영문 | dental caries | 한글 | 충치, 치아우식증 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 치아의 조직이 세균에 의해 용해내지 파괴되어 점차 통증을 나타내다가 치아를 잃게 되는 하나의 세균성 병이라고 볼 수 있다. 우리나라에서는 영구치의 충치 이환율이 약 80%로, 한 사람이 2~3개의 충치를 갖고 있는 셈이며, 구강 보건상태는 도시, 농촌지역, 해안지역 순으로 좋다. 원인은 치태(dental plaque)로서, 이것은 점액이나 탈락한 잇몸의 세포들, 그리고 세균 등으로 이루어져 있으며, 점착성이 강하여 치아 표면에 잘 부착되어 양치질이나 칫솔질로는 쉽게 제거되지 않는다. 치태에는 그물모양의 구조내에 막대균과 알균이 섞여 있는데, 특히 내산성 사슬알균과 젖산균이 많다. 현재 가장 유력한 충치의 원인균으로 밝혀지고 있는 이 사슬알균은 설탕을 합성하는 능력을 가지고 있으며, 덱스트란(dextran)을 형성한다고 생각되는데, 이 덱스트란은 물에 녹지 않으며 끈적거리는 점착성이 있어 치태가 치아표면에 잘 붙어 있게 한다. 이 사슬알균은 설탕으로부터 유기산과 치태를 형성한다. 치태 중에는 사슬알균이 생산하는 산이 정체되어 있기 때문에, 이 산에 의해 치아 표면의 단단한 석회질을 녹인다. 대부분이 인산칼슘으로 구성되어 있는 치아의 표면은 산에 의해 칼슘이 분해되어 치아 표면이 거칠어지면서 충치가 진행된다. 이와 같이 세균과 이 세균이 생산하는 화학적 물질에 의해서 충치가 생긴다는 가설을 세균-화학설이라고 한다. 충치의 발생원인에는 이 세균-화학설 이외에도 미생물이 치아표면의 유기질 부위에 먼저 부착되어 산을 만들어 파괴시킨다는 단백용해설도 있으며, 또한 산에 의하지 않는 치아의 파괴, 음식물이 원인이 된다고 주장하는 학설도 있다. 설탕은 충치를 가장 잘 유발시키는 물질로, 섭취 빈도에 따라 충치가 증가한다는 것이 증명되고 있다. 비타민은 충치 요인에 그리 중요하지 않은 것으로 보이며 음식물 내에 존재하는 칼슘과 인 또한 중요하지 않다고 한다. 유전적 소인은 중요한 역할을 하리라 생각되지만 증명하기가 어렵다. |
||
| PRO | peer review organization; physician review organization; Professional Review Organization; pronation... |
|---|---|
| temp | temperature; temple, temporal |
| DDS | damaged disc syndrome; dendrodendritic synaptosome; dental distress syndrome; depressed DNA synthesi... |
| DUR | drug use review; drug utilization review |
| MEDPAR | Medical Provider Analysis and Review; Medicare Provider Analysis and Review |
| DUR | Drug Use Review |
|---|---|
| DUR | Drug Utilization Review |
| IRB | Institutional Review Board |
| MEDPAR | Medicare Provided Analysis and Review |
| PRO | Peer Review Organization |
institution (기관, 제도
| temple | 1. <anatomy> The space, on either side of the head, back of the eye and forehead, above the zygomatic arch and in front of the ear. 2. One of the side bars of a pair of spectacles, jointed to the bows, and passing one on either side of the head to hold the spectacles in place. Origin: OF. Temple, F. Tempe, from L. Tempora, tempus; perhaps originally, the right place, the fatal spot, supposed to be the same word as tempus, temporis, the fitting or appointed time. See Temporal of time, and cf. Tempo, Tense. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| superior dental branches of superior dental plexus | Branches passing from the superior dental plexus to the roots of the teeth of the upper jaw. Synonym: rami dentales superiores plexus dentalis superioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inferior dental branches of inferior dental plexus | Branches passing from the inferior dental plexus to the roots of the teeth of the lower jaw. Synonym: rami dentales inferiores plexus dentalis inferioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rate setting and review | A method of examining and setting levels of payments. (12 Dec 1998) |
| peer review | Scrutiny by one's peers (equals). Peer-reviewed articles appearing in medical journals have been scrutinised by members of the biomedical community before publication. (12 Dec 1998) |
| peer review, health care | The concurrent or retrospective review by practicing physicians or other health professionals of the quality and efficiency of patient care practices or services ordered or performed by other physicians or other health professionals . (12 Dec 1998) |
| peer review, research | The evaluation by experts of the quality and pertinence of research or research proposals of other experts in the same field. Peer review is used by editors in deciding which submissions warrant publication, by granting agencies to determine which proposals should be funded, and by academic institutions in tenure decisions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| review | 1. A second or repeated view; a reexamination; a retrospective survey; a looking over again; as, a review of one's studies; a review of life. 2. An examination with a view to amendment or improvement; revision; as, an author's review of his works. 3. A critical examination of a publication, with remarks; a criticism; a critique. 4. A periodical containing critical essays upon matters of interest, as new productions in literature, art, etc. 5. An inspection, as of troops under arms or of a naval force, by a high officer, for the purpose of ascertaining the state of discipline, equipments, etc. 6. The judicial examination of the proceedings of a lower court by a higher. 7. A lesson studied or recited for a second time. Bill of review, a commission formerly granted by the crown to revise the sentence of the court of delegates. Synonym: Reexamination, resurvey, retrospect, survey, reconsideration, revisal, revise, revision. Origin: F. Revue, fr. Revu, p. P. Of revoir to see again, L. Revidere; pref. Re- re- + videre to see. See View, and cf. Revise. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| review, academic | A more or less comprehensive review of the literature on a specific subject, with usually an extensive critical analysis and synthesis of the literature. (12 Dec 1998) |
| review literature | Published material which provides an examination of recent or current literature. Reviews can cover a wide range of subject matter of various levels of completeness or comprehensiveness based on analyses of publications on the subject. The review may reflect the state of the art. It also includes reviews as a literary form. The presence of research findings or case reports does not preclude designation as a review. (12 Dec 1998) |
| review, multicase | A type of review literature giving demographic, laboratory, and clinical data on a group of persons or animals ranging from most of the known cases of a rare condition in large populations on whom the results of research will lead to the establishing of epidemiological analyses or predictions of the occurrence and natural history of diseases. It is differentiated from review of reported cases in that the latter generally reports a single case as a supplement to a presentation, however brief and limited, of other cases known to have been reported. (12 Dec 1998) |
| review of reported cases | Literature reporting - to the best of the author's ability - all known cases of a disease. The study is usually generated by the investigator's encounter with patients with a given disease and includes the investigator's own cases. The range of time will encompass historical cases and recent cases. The review usually cites the literature in which the known cases were published and may or may not include clinical and laboratory data. (12 Dec 1998) |
| review, tutorial | A type of review citing literature that will give the user a general and reasonably thorough coverage of a subject with which he may or may not be familiar. It often substitutes as a refresher course for a physician to update his or her awareness or as a crash course for a student unfamiliar with the subject. (12 Dec 1998) |
| physician payment review commission | A commission created by the consolidated omnibus reconciliation act of 1985, enacted in 1986, and given the mandate to advise congress on medicare-physician payment. The commission members are appointed by the u.s. Office of technology assessment. (12 Dec 1998) |
| concurrent review | Review of the medical necessity of hospital or other health facility admissions, upon or within a short time following an admission, and periodic review of services provided during the course of treatment. (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|