| 영문 | social phobia | 한글 | 사회공포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 다른 사람들이 자기를 살피고 쳐다 볼수 있는 상황을 두려워하고 그런 상황에 처하면 수치심을 느끼는 공포장애(phobic disorder)의 일종. 사람을 만나기 전에 미리 예상하고 불안(anticipatory anxiety: 예상을 하는 것 자체만으로 불안을 느끼는 것)을 심하게 느끼므로 사람과 접촉하는 것을 피한다. 흔한 사회 공포증으로는 사람앞에서 말하기를 두려워하는 대화공포(fear of public speaking), 사람앞에서 얼굴을 붉히는 것을 두려워하는 적면공포(erythrophobia), 사람 앞에서의 식사를 두려워하는 식사공포(sitophobia), 사람 앞에서의 글 쓰기를 두려워하는 서필공포, 공중변소를 사용하기를 두려워하는 공중변소공포등이 있음. 이 장애는 아동기 후반 혹은 사춘기 초반에 시작되며 가족적으로 발병하는 경향이 많다. 합병증으로는 과음, 항불안 약물 남용 등이 있다. |
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| 영문 | Dilatation and Curettage(D & C) | 한글 | 자궁긁어냄술, 자궁목확장 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자궁이란 태아가 수태되어서 분만전까지 발육하고 성장하는 공간이다. 자궁속에 병변이 있어 임신이 계속될 수 없거나 아니면 다른 이유로 임신되어 있는 태아를 제거하고자 할 경우에 사용되는 방법이다. 여기서 긁어내기 위하여는 우선 자궁의 입구에 해당하는 자궁목을 확장시켜야 한다. 여기에는 급속히 확장을 시도하는 법과 서서히 확장을 시도하는 2가지 방법이 있다. 자궁목을 급속히 확장할 때는 헤가르 목관확장기(Hegar's dilatator)를 사용한다. 이것은 작은 금속막대로 작은 크기부터 큰 크기까지 다양한 크기가 있어서 우선 작은 막대로 시작하여 점점 큰 크기의 막대를 자궁목에 넣어서 자궁목을 확장시킨다. 서서히 확장시킬 때는 Laminaria tent를 목관에 삽입하는 방법을 사용한다. Laminaria tent란 해초로 만든 작은 막대로 수분을 흡수하면 점점 늘어나는 성질이 있다. 이것을 자궁의 목에 넣으면 이것이 수분을 흡수하여 늘어나므로 천천히 자궁의 목이 늘어난다. 자궁목이 충분히 늘어나면 그 속으로 끝이 숟가락처럼 생긴 기구를 넣어서 자궁속의 병변이나 임신된 태아를 긁어내는데 여기에 사용되는 숟가락처럼 생긴 기구를 큐렛이라고 한다. 초기 임신중절 즉 유산과 같은 임신과 관련된 경우뿐만 아니라, 비임신 자궁의 자궁내막조직의 채취 및 제거를 위해서도 행해지는 수기이다. 이는 원칙적으로 마취하에 실시되는 것으로 자궁목관을 확장하고 기구로 자궁 내용물을 제거하고 큐렛으로 자궁내벽을 깨끗이 한다. 자궁천공이나 자궁목의 파열 등의 위험이 따르며, 수술후 감염 또는 출혈 등에 대한 주의가 필요하다. |
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| MSW | Master of Social Welfare; Master of Social Work; medical social worker; multiple stab wounds |
|---|---|
| CSTP | Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy |
| SS | disulfide; sacrosciatic; saline soak; saline solution; saliva sample; saliva substitute; Salmonella-... |
| KW change | Keith Wagener change |
| SRS | schizophrenic residual state; sex reassignment surgery; Silver-Russell syndrome; simple repeat seque... |
| DHSS | Department of Health and Social Security |
|---|---|
| CGI-C | Clinical Global Impression of Change |
| FAC | Fractional area change |
| HSC | Health System Change |
| MCD | Minimal change disease |
| social change | Social process whereby the values, attitudes, or institutions of society, such as education, family, religion, and industry become modified. It includes both the natural process and action programs initiated by members of the community. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| technological | Of or pertaining to technology. Origin: Cf. F. Technologique. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| forecasting | The prediction or projection of the nature of future problems or existing conditions based upon the extrapolation or interpretation of existing scientific data or by the application of scientific methodology. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Armanni-Ebstein change | Glycogen vacuolization of the loops of Henle, seen in diabetics before the introduction of insulin. Synonym: Armanni-Ebstein change. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Baggenstoss change | Distention of pancreatic acini by proteinaceous secretion, seen in dehydration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| change | An alteration; in pathology, structural alteration of which the cause and significance is uncertain. Synonym: shift. (05 Mar 2000) |
| change of life | Colloquialism for menopause, climacteric. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chemical change | A process in which one or more substances are changed into one or more different substances. (09 Oct 1997) |
| minimal-change disease | <nephrology> A disorder of the kidneys which largely affects the glomerulus, the blood filtering structure. This disorder is one common cause of nephrotic syndrome, minimal glomerular changes, in children affecting 2 to 3 children per 100,000 population under age 16 in the USA. Minimal change disease is also seen rarely in adults. The cause is unknown but may be related to an autoimmune illness. It is marked by oedema, albuminuria, and an increase in cholesterol in the blood, but otherwise with fairly good renal function. Tubular epithelium is vacuolated by cholesterol droplets, but the glomeruli show only that the foot processes of the glomerular epithelial cells are fused, probably secondary to the proteinuria; the cause of the increased glomerular permeability to plasma protein is unknown. Risk factors include a history for a immune disorder, recent immunisation or a bee sting. Diagnosis is made by renal biopsy. Treatment include systemic corticosteroids which are usually quite effective in curing this disease. Other medications include chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide. In most cases, a moderate protein diet (1 gram protein per Kg body weight per day) will be recommended. Salt (sodium) restriction can be helpful to reduce swelling and vitamin D is usually supplemented. Synonym: lipoid nephrosis (27 Sep 1997) |
| minimal-change nephrotic syndrome | <nephrology> A disorder of the kidneys which largely affects the glomerulus, the blood filtering structure. This disorder is one common cause of nephrotic syndrome, minimal glomerular changes, in children affecting 2 to 3 children per 100,000 population under age 16 in the USA. Minimal change disease is also seen rarely in adults. The cause is unknown but may be related to an autoimmune illness. It is marked by oedema, albuminuria, and an increase in cholesterol in the blood, but otherwise with fairly good renal function. Tubular epithelium is vacuolated by cholesterol droplets, but the glomeruli show only that the foot processes of the glomerular epithelial cells are fused, probably secondary to the proteinuria; the cause of the increased glomerular permeability to plasma protein is unknown. Risk factors include a history for a immune disorder, recent immunisation or a bee sting. Diagnosis is made by renal biopsy. Treatment include systemic corticosteroids which are usually quite effective in curing this disease. Other medications include chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide. In most cases, a moderate protein diet (1 gram protein per Kg body weight per day) will be recommended. Salt (sodium) restriction can be helpful to reduce swelling and vitamin D is usually supplemented. Synonym: lipoid nephrosis (27 Sep 1997) |
| conformational change | <cell biology> Alteration in the shape usually the tertiary structure of a protein as a result of alteration in the environment pH, temperature, ionic strength) or the binding of a ligand (to a receptor) or binding of substrate (to an enzyme). (18 Nov 1997) |
| Crooke's hyaline change | Replacement of cytoplasmic granules of basophil cells of the anterior pituitary by homogenous hyaline material; a characteristic finding in Cushing's syndrome, but usually not present in the cells of a basophil adenoma. Synonym: Crooke's hyaline degeneration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| enthalpy change | <chemistry> In a reaction, this is more or less equal to the difference between the energy put into breaking bonds and the enery gained from new bond formation. (13 Oct 1997) |
| epigenetic change | <biology> Any changes in an organism brought about by alterations in the action of genes are called epigenetic changes. Epigenetic transformation refers to those processes which cause normal cells to become tumour cells without the occurrence of any mutations. (07 May 1998) |
| fatty change | The appearance of microscopically visible droplets of fat in the cytoplasm of cells. See: fatty degeneration. Synonym: fatty change. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|