| ¿µ¹® | tuberculosis | ÇÑ±Û | °áÇÙ |
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| ¼³¸í | °áÇÙ±Õ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ç¶÷À̳ª µ¿¹°ÀÇ °¨¿°À¸·Î¼, °áÀýÇü¼º°ú Á¶Á÷ÀÇ Ä¡Á»ç(caseation necrosis)°¡ Ư¡ÀÌ´Ù. ÁÖµÈ ¿øÀαÕÀº Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. avium, M. kansasii¿Í ±âŸ ºÐ·ùµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ºñÀüÇüÀÇ ¹ÌÄÚ¹ÚÅ×·ýµµ ¿øÀαÕÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ Áúº´°ú´Â ÀÓ»óÀûÀ¸·Îµµ ÇüÅÂÇÐÀûÀ¸·Îµµ ±¸º°ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ºñÁ¤Çü°¨¿°Àº, »ç¶÷¿¡¼ »ç¶÷À¸·Î Á÷Á¢ °¨¿°À» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. °áÇÙÁõÀº ±× Áõ»óÀÇ ¹ßÇö¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ´Ù¾çÇÏ¸ç ¸¸¼ºÈµÇ±â ½±´Ù. ¸ðµç Àå±â¿¡ °¨¿°ÀÌ ÀϾÁö¸¸, »ç¶÷¿¡ À־ ÁÖ·Î Æó°¡ ħ¹üµÇ¸ç, ±×°÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Ç÷°ü°ú ¸²ÇÁ°üÀ» ÅëÇØ ´Ù¸¥ Àå±â¿¡ °¨¿°µÈ´Ù. Áõ»óÀº ¿ÀÈÄÀÇ ¹Ì¿°ú ¼ö¸éÁßÀÇ °¡º¿î ½ÄÀº ¶¡ µî°ú ÇÔ²² ħ¹üµÈ Àå±âÀÇ ±â´É ÀúÇÏ¿¡ µû¸¥ Áõ»óÀÌ µ¿¹ÝµÈ´Ù. Ä¡·á´Â Ç×°áÇÙÁ¦ÀÇ Àå±â°£, ÁýÁßÀûÀÎ Åõ¿©À̸ç Çʿ信 µû¶ó¼´Â ¼ö¼úÀ» Çϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | ÇÑ±Û | °áÇÙ±Õ |
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| ¼³¸í | ¹ÌÄÚ¹ÚÅ×·ý¼ÓÀÇ »ç¶÷ °áÇÙÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ±ÕÀÌ´Ù. 1882³â ÄÚÈå(Koch)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¥¾ç¼º »ê¼Ò¼º ¸·´ë±ÕÀ̸ç 0.3~0.6¡¿2~4¥ìm, ¹«¾ÆÆ÷, Ç׻꼺ÀÌ´Ù. Ç×»ê, Ç×¾ËÄ®¸®, Ç×¾ËÄÚ¿Ã, ¼Òµ¶Á¦¿¡ ÀúÇ×ÇÑ´Ù. ÀúÇ׷°ú ¹ø½Ä·ÂÀÌ °ÇÏ¿© Àü¿°¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀ¸³ª °ÇÁ¶, ¿, ÇÞºû¿¡´Â ¾àÇÏ´Ù. ¼¼Æ÷º®¿¡´Â ´Ù·®ÀÇ Áö¹æÁúÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Ù. ´Ï¾Æ½Å°Ë»ç´Â »ç¶÷Çü °áÇÙ±Õ¸¸ ¾ç¼ºÀ̸ç À̰ÍÀº °¨º°¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù. °¨¿°Àº ºñ¸»°¨¿°ÀÌ°í Æó°áÇÙÀÌ ¸¹Áö¸¸ Ç÷Çà ¼Ó¿¡ µé¾î°¡¸é ¸ðµç Àå±â¿¡ °áÇÙÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù. ƯÀ¯ÇÑ °áÇÙ°áÀýÀ» Çü¼ºÇÑ´Ù. °áÇÙÀÇ Áø´Ü¿¡´Â Æ®º£¸£Ä𸰠¹ÝÀÀÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ¸ç ¿¹¹æ¿¡´Â ºñ¾¾Áö(BCG) Á¢Á¾ÀÌ ½Ç½ÃµÈ´Ù. ¸é¿ªÀº ¼¼Æ÷¼º ¸é¿ªÀ̸ç Å«Æ÷½Ä¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ È°¼ºÈ·Î ÀÎÇØ ±ÕÀÇ Áõ½ÄÀÌ ¾ïÁ¦µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) | ÇÑ±Û | »ç½º |
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| ¼³¸í | Áß±¹ ±¤µ¿ Áö¿ª¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ¹ß»ýÇÑ Àü¿°¼º È£Èí±â ÁúȯÀ¸·Î ¼¼°èº¸°Ç±â±¸(WHO)¿¡¼ ¡®ÁßÁõ±Þ¼ºÈ£ÈíÁõÈıº(SARS)'À¸·Î ¸í¸íÇß´Ù. ¼·¾¾ 38µµ ÀÌ»óÀÇ °í¿°ú ±âħ, È£Èí°ï¶õ, Àú»ê¼ÒÁõ, X¼±»óÀÇ Æó·ÅÁõ»ó Áß Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ Áõ»óÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸ç, µÎÅë, ±ÙÀ°Åë, ½Ä¿åºÎÁø, ÇǷΰ¨, ¹ßÁø, ¼³»ç¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Ãʱâ Áõ»óÀº °¨±â¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÏÁö¸¸ Æó·ÅÀ¸·Î ¹ßÀüÇϸé Ä¡¸íÀûÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇöÀç ¹àÇôÁø °¨¿°°æ·Î´Â ȯÀÚ°¡ Àçä±â³ª ±âħÇÒ ¶§ ³»»Õ´Â ħ¹æ¿ïÀ̰í, À̰ÍÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ È£Èí±â·Î µé¾î°¥ ¶§ Àü¿°µÈ´Ù. ħ¹æ¿ïÀÌ Àü´ÞµÇ´Â °Å¸®´Â º¸Åë 1m·Î º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù. °ø±â¸¦ ÅëÇØ Àü¿°ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀÌ Á¦±âµÆÁö¸¸ ¾ÆÁ÷ È®ÀεÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¿øÀαÕÀº º¯Á¾ Äڷγª¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º·Î ¹àÇôÁ³´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) | ÇÑ±Û | ÁßÁõ±Þ¼ºÈ£ÈíÁõÈıº |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Áß±¹ ±¤µ¿ Áö¿ª¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ¹ß»ýÇÑ Àü¿°¼ºÈ£Èí±âº´À¸·Î ¼¼°èº¸°Ç±â±¸(WHO)¿¡¼ ¡®ÁßÁõ±Þ¼ºÈ£ÈíÁõÈıº(SARS)'À¸·Î ¸í¸íÇß´Ù. ¼·¾¾ 38µµ ÀÌ»óÀÇ °í¿°ú ±âħ, È£Èí°ï¶õ, Àú»ê¼ÒÁõ, X¼±»óÀÇ Æó·ÅÁõ»ó Áß Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ Áõ»óÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸ç, µÎÅë, ±ÙÀ°Åë, ½Ä¿åºÎÁø, ÇǷΰ¨, ¹ßÁø, ¼³»ç¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Ãʱâ Áõ»óÀº °¨±â¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÏÁö¸¸ Æó·ÅÀ¸·Î ¹ßÀüÇϸé Ä¡¸íÀûÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇöÀç ¹àÇôÁø °¨¿°°æ·Î´Â ȯÀÚ°¡ Àçä±â³ª ±âħÇÒ ¶§ ³»»Õ´Â ħ¹æ¿ïÀ̰í, À̰ÍÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ È£Èí±â·Î µé¾î°¥ ¶§ Àü¿°µÈ´Ù. ħ¹æ¿ïÀÌ Àü´ÞµÇ´Â °Å¸®´Â º¸Åë 1m·Î º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù. °ø±â¸¦ ÅëÇØ Àü¿°ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀÌ Á¦±âµÆÁö¸¸ ¾ÆÁ÷ È®ÀεÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¿øÀαÕÀº º¯Á¾ Äڷγª¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º·Î ¹àÇôÁ³´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) | ÇÑ±Û | È£Èí°ï¶õÁõÈıº |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ÆóÆ÷¿Í Æó¸ð¼¼Ç÷°ü »çÀÌ¿¡ ºÎÁ¾À¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ È®»ê´É °¨¼Ò·Î È£Èí°ï¶õ°ú û»öÁõÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â »óÅ·Π°¨¿°, ¼ö¼ú, ¿Ü»ó µî ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ ½ºÆ®·¹½º»óȲ¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Ä¡·á´Â ¼±Çà ¿äÀÎÀÇ ±³Á¤°ú ÀûÀýÇÑ Ç÷¾×³» »ê¼Ò³óµµ À¯ÁöÀÌ´Ù. |
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| NE | national emergency; necrotic enteritis; necrotizing enterocolitis; nephropathia epidemica; nerve end... |
|---|---|
| NM | near-miss; neomycin; neuromedin; neuromuscular; neutrophil migration; nictitating membrane; nitrogen... |
| NS | natural science; Neosporin; nephrosclerosis; nephrotic syndrome; nervous system; neurological surger... |
| ND | Doctor of Naturopathy; nasal deformity; natural death; Naval Dispensary; neonatal death; neoplastic ... |
| NP | nasopharynx, nasopharyngeal; near point; necrotizing pancreatitis; neonatal-perinatal; neuritic plag... |
| M. tuberculosis | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
|---|---|
| DNR | Do Not Resuscitate |
| EDNOS | Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified |
| NS | P=not significant |
| NGRI | Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity |
| touch-me-not | <botany> See Impatiens. Squirting cucumber. See Cucumber. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| forget-me-not | <botany> A small herb, of the genus Myosotis (M. Palustris, incespitosa, etc), bearing a beautiful blue flower, and extensively considered the emblem of fidelity. Formerly the name was given to the Ajuga Chamaepitus. Origin: G. Vergissmeinnicht. (04 Apr 1998) |
| acute miliary tuberculosis | A rapidly fatal disease due to the general dissemination of tubercle bacilli in the blood, resulting in the formation of miliary tubercles in various organs and tissues, and producing symptoms of profound toxaemia. Synonym: acute miliary tuberculosis, disseminated tuberculosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute tuberculosis | A rapidly fatal disease due to the general dissemination of tubercle bacilli in the blood, resulting in the formation of miliary tubercles in various organs and tissues, and producing symptoms of profound toxaemia. Synonym: acute miliary tuberculosis, disseminated tuberculosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adult tuberculosis | Tuberculosis found in adults and characterised by lesions near the apex of an upper lobe, which may cavitate or heal with scarring without spreading to lymph nodes; theoretically, secondary tuberculosis may be due to exogenous reinfection or to reactivation of a dormant endogenous infection. Synonym: adult tuberculosis, postprimary tuberculosis, reinfection tuberculosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aerogenic tuberculosis | Infection with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis spread by inhalation of infected droplets. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anthracotic tuberculosis | <chest medicine> Fibrosis and scarring of the lungs secondary to the repeated inhalation of dust associated with some occupation. Examples include silica, asbestos and coal dust exposure. (29 Oct 1998) |
| arrested tuberculosis | A scar or a calcified, fibrous, or caseous nodule in the lung pleura, lymph node, or other organ, resulting from previous tuberculosis that has regressed; reactivation is possible. Synonym: arrested tuberculosis, inactive tuberculosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| attenuated tuberculosis | A mild chronic form marked by caseous tubercles of the skin and the occurrence of cold abscesses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal tuberculosis | Tuberculosis of the basilar portions of the lungs. (05 Mar 2000) |
| general tuberculosis | Usually a chronic tuberculosis infection where spread of the original primary infection has occurred via the patients lymphatic system (or bloodstream). Disseminated disease occurs primarily in the immunocompromised individual (for example AIDS, cancer patient). The elderly are at increased risk for dissemination. In disseminated disease, organs and tissues that can be affected include pericardium, peritoneum, larynx, bronchus, bone, joints, lymph nodes, stomach, meninges, eyes, kidneys and skin. Treatment is with INH, rifampin, ethambutol and other antibiotics. (27 Sep 1997) |
| reinfection tuberculosis | Tuberculosis found in adults and characterised by lesions near the apex of an upper lobe, which may cavitate or heal with scarring without spreading to lymph nodes; theoretically, secondary tuberculosis may be due to exogenous reinfection or to reactivation of a dormant endogenous infection. Synonym: adult tuberculosis, postprimary tuberculosis, reinfection tuberculosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cerebral tuberculosis | Inflammation of the cerebral leptomeninges marked by the presence of granulomatous inflammation; it is usually confined to the base of the brain (basilar meningitis, internal hydrocephalus) and is accompanied in children by an accumulation of spinal fluid in the ventricles (acute hydrocephalus). Synonym: cerebral tuberculosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| childhood tuberculosis | Initial (primary) infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, characterised by pneumonic lesions in middle parts of lungs, rarely cavitary, with rapid spread to lymph nodes in hilar and paratracheal areas; more often seen in childhood, but pattern is not limited to children. (05 Mar 2000) |
| childhood type tuberculosis | First infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, typically seen in children but also occurs in adults, characterised in the lungs by the formation of a primary complex consisting of small peripheral pulmonary focus with spread to hilar or paratracheal lymph nodes; may cavitate or heal with scarring or may progress. Synonym: childhood type tuberculosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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