| 영문 | childhood diabetes | 한글 | 소아당뇨병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 소아에 나타나는 당뇨병. 당뇨병은 인슐린 부족으로 체내 포도당 이용이 저하되어 탄수화물-지방-단백질 대사가 장해를 일으키는 질병으로, 성인형 당뇨병과 연소형 당뇨병이 있다. 성인형은 인슐린의 상대적 부족, 즉 비만으로 인한 인슐린 감수성의 저하 결과 인슐린 필요량의 증대에서 오는 것이며, 소아형 당뇨병은 이자의 랑게르한스섬 베타(β)세포의 장해로 인한 인슐린의 절대적 결핍에서 온다. 세계보건기구(WHO)의 권장으로 15세 이전에 발병하는 당뇨병을 모두 소아당뇨병이라 하는데, 어린이에게도 간혹 성인형(또는 비만형) 당뇨병이 있으므로 소아당뇨병이라 함은 소아기에 발병하는 소아형과 성인형 당뇨병의 총칭이라 할 수 있다. 현재까지 통계에 의하면 전체인구의 약 5%는 당뇨병을 가지고 있으며, 그 가운데 약 2%가 15세 이전에 발병하는 것으로 알려졌다. |
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| 영문 | childhood | 한글 | 아동기, 소아기 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 넓은 뜻으로는 출생에서부터 청년기에 들어가기 직전까지, 즉 12~13세경까지를 말한다. 육체적으로도 정신적으로도 성장발육하고 있는 시기의 인간을 총칭해서 어린이 혹은 소아라고 하며 이 시기를 말한다. 달력 연령에 따라서 출생 전기, 출생에서 4주간을 신생아기, 그 신생아기를 포함해서 생후 1년까지가 영아기, 생후 1년 이후부터 취학 전까지의 시기를 유아기, 취학 후부터 초등학교 졸업까지의 6~12세의 시기를 학동기, 여아에서는 10~18세까지, 남아에서는 12~20세까지를 사춘기라고 한다. |
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| 영문 | obsessive-compulsive disorder | 한글 | 강박반응성 장애 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 강박사고(obsession)은 반복되는 사고를 말하며, 강박행위(compulsion)는 반복되는 행동을 말한다. 즉 반복되는 사고에 따라 반복적인 행동을 수행하는 장애를 말한다. 이때 반복적인 사고는 이론적으로 이해되지 않는 경우가 많고, 본인도 이런 사고가 이해되지 않는다는 사실을 알고 고치려고 하지만, 잘 되지 않는다. 또한 계속적으로 이런 사고에 따른 반복적인 행동을 하며, 이런 행동을 수행치 않을 시, 본인의 의지와 무관하게 몹시 불안해하고, 초조해한다. |
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| 영문 | panic disorder | 한글 | 공황장애 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 반복되는 공황발작(panic attack: 갑작스런 공포상태의 발병)과 신경과민을 나타내는 경우를 말함. 공황발작은 단독으로 일어나기보다는 오랜 긴장상태에서 주기적으로 일어나는 현상으로 보인다. 공황발작의 증상은 급격한 자율신경자극증상으로 호흡곤란, 심장박동항진, 흉부통증, 흉부압박감, 질식감, 현기증, 불안정한 느낌 등이다. 대개 갑자기 일어나 수분동안 지속했다가 소실되는 것이 보통이다. 드물게는 수시간 지속되기도 한다. 공황발작은 주기적으로 반복되면서 만성화하는 경향이 많다. 신경과민은 공황발작이 없는 시기의 증상이다. 감당키 어려운 공황발작에 대한 예기불안(그 일이 일어나지 않을까 하는 느낌 때문에 오는 불안)이 있고 그 때문에 조심스러워지고 주위를 살피는 태도도 나타나서 신경은 극도로 날카로워진다. 공포장애에서도 이런 공황발작이 올 수 있으나, 이 경우는 특별한 대상이나 상황이 있는 것에 반해 공황장애는 이런 특별한 사건없이 주기적으로 발생한다. 치료는 항불안제와 때로는 항우울제를 사용한다. |
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| 영문 | antisocial personality disorder | 한글 | 반사회적인격장애 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 지속적으로 그리고 만성적으로 반사회적인 행동을 하는 정신과적 병. 다른 사람에게 진실성이 없고 다른 사람의 권리나 피해에는 전혀 무감각하고 단지 자신의 충동과 욕구에 의해서 행동을 한다. 자신의 실수에 대해서 다른 사람이 충고하는 것을 참지못하고 항상 자신의 마음대로만 한다. |
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| CD | cadaver donor; canine distemper; canine dose; carbohydrate dehydratase; carbon dioxide; cardiac dise... |
|---|---|
| CPD | calcium pyrophosphate deposition; cephalopelvic disproportion; cerebelloparenchymal disorder; childh... |
| NCD | National Commission on Diabetes; National Council on Drugs; neurocirculatory dystonia; nitrogen clea... |
| ap | anteroposterior; attachment point |
| CAP | camptodactyly-arthropathy-pericarditis [syndrome]; Canada Assistance Plan; capsule; captopril; catab... |
| AAI | Adult Attachment Interview |
|---|---|
| AL | Attachment level |
| CAL | Clinical Attachment Level |
| MAR | Matrix Attachment Region |
| SNARE | N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor |
| reactive attachment disorder | Markedly disturbed and developmentally inappropriate social relatedness that begins before age 5 and is associated with grossly pathological child care. The child may persistently fail to initiate and respond to social interactions in a developmentally appropriate way (inhibited type) or there may be a pattern of diffuse attachments with nondiscriminate sociability (disinhibited type). (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| avoidant disorder of childhood | A mental disorder occurring in childhood or adolescence characterised by an excessive shrinking away from contact with people who are unfamiliar. Synonym: avoidant disorder of adolescence. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arthritis, reactive | An abacterial form of arthritis developing after infection at a site distant from the affected joint or joints. The causative bacteria cannot be cultured from synovial specimens but bacterial antigens have been demonstrated in cells from the synovial fluid and membrane. It often follows yersinia infection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| attachment | 1. The act attaching, or state of being attached; close adherence or affection; fidelity; regard; an passion of affection that binds a person; as, an attachment to a friend, or to a party. 2. That by which one thing is attached to another; connection; as, to cut the attachments of a muscle. "The human mind . . . Has exhausted its forces in the endeavor to rend the supernatural from its attachment to this history." (I. Taylor) 3. Something attached; some adjunct attached to an instrument, machine, or other object; as, a sewing machine attachment (i. E, a device attached to a sewing machine to enable it to do special work, as tucking, etc). 4. A seizure or taking into custody by virtue of a legal process. The writ or percept commanding such seizure or taking. The term is applied to a seizure or taking either of persons or property. In the serving of process in a civil suit, it is most generally applied to the taking of property, whether at common law, as a species of distress, to compel defendant's appearance, or under local statutes, to satisfy the judgment the plaintiff may recover in the action. The terms attachment and arrest are both applied to the taking or apprehension of a defendant to compel an appearance in a civil action. Attachments are issued at common law and in chancery, against persons for contempt of court. In England, attachment is employed in some cases where capias is with us, as against a witness who fails to appear on summons. In some of the new England States a writ of attachment is a species of mesne process upon which the property of a defendant may be seized at the commencement of a suit and before summons to him, and may be held to satisfy the judgment the plaintiff may recover. In other States this writ can issue only against absconding debtors and those who conceal themselves. See Foreign, Garnishment, Trustee process. Synonym: Attachment, Affection The leading idea of affection is that of warmth and tenderness; the leading idea of attachment is that of being bound to some object by strong and lasting ties. There is more of sentiment (and sometimes of romance) in affection, and more of principle in preserving attachment. We speak of the ardor of the one, and the fidelity of the other. There is another distinction in the use and application of these words. The term attachment is applied to a wider range of objects than affection. A man may have a strong attachment to his country, to his profession, to his principles, and even to favorite places; in respect to none of these could we use the word affection. Origin: F. Attachment. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| attachment apparatus | The tissues that attach the tooth to the alveolar process: cementum, periodontal membrane, and alveolar bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| attachment sites | <microbiology, molecular biology> Particular loci in both bacterial and phage DNA molecules at which phage DNA is integrated into the bacterial DNA by recombination between these sites. (12 Dec 1998) |
| brief reactive psychosis | <psychiatry> A brief display of psychotic behaviour that lasts for at least several hours, but not more than one week. Typically these reactions are brought on by periods of increased stress (for example death of a loved one). Symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disordered thinking, impaired speech and bizarre dress. (27 Sep 1997) |
| parallel attachment | A frictional or mechanically retained unit used in fixed or removable prosthodontics, consisting of closely fitting male and female parts, an attachment that may be rigid in function or may incorporate a movable stress control unit to reduce the torque on the abutment. Synonym: frictional attachment, internal attachment, key attachment, keyway attachment, parallel attachment, slotted attachment. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reactive arthritis | Reiter's syndrome is also called reactive arthritis since it is thought to involve the immune system which is reacting to the presence of bacterial infections in the genital, urinary, or gastrointestinal systems. Accordingly, certain people's immune systems are genetically primed to react aberrantly when these areas are exposed to certain bacteria. The aberrant reaction of the immune system leads to inflammation in the joints and eyes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reactive astrocyte | <cell biology> A round to oval astrocyte cell with abundant cytoplasm containing glial filaments and an eccentric nucleus; may contain two nuclei in the cell hypertrophy of astrocytes. Synonym: gemistocyte, gemistocytic cell, reactive astrocyte, reactive cell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reactive cell | <cell biology> A round to oval astrocyte cell with abundant cytoplasm containing glial filaments and an eccentric nucleus; may contain two nuclei in the cell hypertrophy of astrocytes. Synonym: gemistocyte, gemistocytic cell, reactive astrocyte, reactive cell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reactive depression | A psychological state occasioned directly by an intensely sad external situation (frequently loss of a loved person), relieved by the removal of the external situation (e.g., reunion with a loved person). (05 Mar 2000) |
| reactive hyperaemia | Hyperaemia following the arrest and subsequent restoration of the blood supply to a part. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reactive inhibition | Tendency toward a lessened strength of response due to practice or activity. It is independent of the effect of reward and is a direct function of time interval since the last response and the number of preceding responses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reactive oxygen species | Reactive intermediate oxygen species including both radicals and non-radicals. These substances are constantly formed in the human body and have been shown to kill bacteria and inactivate proteins, and have been implicated in a number of diseases. Scientific data exist that link the reactive oxygen species produced by inflammatory phagocytes to cancer development. (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|