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TPN Total Parenteral Nutrition; ÃÑÁ¤¸Æ¿µ¾ç¹ý
ASPEN American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
CPN central parenteral nutrition; chronic polyneuropathy; chronic pyelonephritis
C-TPN cyclic total parenteral nutrition
HPN hepsin; home parenteral nutrition; hypertension
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EMLA Eutectic Mixture of Local Anaesthetics
LA Local anaesthetics
HPN Home Parenteral Nutrition
IDPN Intradialytic parenteral nutrition
OPAT Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy
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anaesthetics Agents that are capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general anaesthesia, in which an unconscious state is achieved, or may act locally to induce numbness or lack of sensation at a targeted site.
(12 Dec 1998)
anaesthetics, combined The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially to induce anaesthesia. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.
(12 Dec 1998)
anaesthetics, dissociative Intravenous anaesthetics that induce a state of sedation, immobility, amnesia, and marked analgesia. Subjects may experience a strong feeling of dissociation from the environment. The condition produced is similar to neuroleptanalgesia, but is brought about by the administration of a single drug.
(12 Dec 1998)
anaesthetics, general Agents that induce various degrees of analgesia; depression of consciousness, circulation, and respiration; relaxation of skeletal muscle; reduction of reflex activity; and amnesia. There are two types of general anaesthetics, inhalation and intravenous. With either type, the arterial concentration of drug required to induce anaesthesia varies with the condition of the patient, the desired depth of anaesthesia, and the concomitant use of other drugs.
(12 Dec 1998)
anaesthetics, inhalation Gases or volatile liquids that vary in the rate at which they induce anaesthesia; potency; the degree of circulation, respiratory, or neuromuscular depression they produce; and analgesic effects. Inhalation anaesthetics have advantages over intravenous agents in that the depth of anaesthesia can be changed rapidly by altering the inhaled concentration. Because of their rapid elimination, any postoperative respiratory depression is of relatively short duration.
(12 Dec 1998)
anaesthetics, intravenous Ultrashort-acting anaesthetics that are used for induction. Loss of consciousness is rapid and induction is pleasant, but there is no muscle relaxation and reflexes frequently are not reduced adequately. Repeated administration results in accumulation and prolongs the recovery time. Since these agents have little if any analgesic activity, they are seldom used alone except in brief minor procedures.
(12 Dec 1998)
anaesthetics, local Drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on any part of the nervous system and on every type of nerve fibre. In contact with a nerve trunk, these anaesthetics can cause both sensory and motor paralysis in the innervated area. Their action is completely reversible. Nearly all local anaesthetics act by reducing the tendency of voltage-dependent sodium channels to activate. They are commonly used not only in the peripheral nervous system, but also for spinal anaesthesia. The many drugs that have local anaesthetic actions as a side effect but are not used for their local anaesthetic action are not included here.
(12 Dec 1998)
local anaesthetics Drugs used for the interruption of the nerve transmission of pain sensations. They act at the site of application to prevent perception of pain; examples include procaine and lidocaine.
(05 Mar 2000)
parenteral <pharmacology> Not through the alimentary canal but rather by injection through some other route, as subcutaneous, intramuscular, intraorbital, intracapsular, intraspinal, intrasternal, intravenous, etc.
Origin: Gr. Enteron = intestine
(18 Nov 1997)
parenteral absorption Absorption by any route other than the alimentary tract.
(05 Mar 2000)
parenteral nutrition <gastroenterology, pharmacology> A method of delivering nutrition or other substances directly into a vein.
Fluids given usually include salt (saline), glucose, amino acids, electrolytes, vitamins and medications.
(16 Dec 1997)
parenteral nutrition, home The at-home administering of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient who cannot maintain adequate nutrition by enteral feeding alone. Nutrients are administered via a route other than the alimentary canal (e.g., intravenously, subcutaneously).
(12 Dec 1998)
parenteral nutrition, home total The at-home administering of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrients is via solutions administered intravenously, subcutaneously or by some other non-alimentary route.
(12 Dec 1998)
parenteral nutrition, total The delivery of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrients is via solutions administered intravenously, subcutaneously, or by some other non-alimentary route. The basic components of tpn solutions are protein hydrolysates or free amino acid mixtures, monosaccharides, and electrolytes. Components are selected for their ability to reverse catabolism, promote anabolism, and build structural proteins.
(12 Dec 1998)
parenteral therapy Therapy introduced usually by a needle through some other route than the alimentary canal.
(05 Mar 2000)
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