| LAF | laminar air flow; Latin American female; leukocyte-activating factor; lymphocyte-activating factor |
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| LAM | laminectomy; laminin; late ambulatory monitoring; Latin American male; left anterior measurement; le... |
| Lat | Latin |
| L/F | Latin female |
| L/M | Latin male |
| chi 2 | Chi square |
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| LMS | Least Mean Square |
| MSE | Mean Square Error |
| PLSR | Partial Least Square Regression |
| PLS | Partial least square regression |
| Latin square | A statistical design for experiments that removes from experimental error the variation from two sources that may be identified with the rows and columns of a square. The allocation of experimental treatments is such that each treatment occurs exactly once in each row and column. For example, a design for a 5 × 5 square is as follows: (05 Mar 2000) |
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| neo-latin | Applied to the Romance languages, as being mostly of Latin origin. Origin: Neo- + Latin. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| latin | 1. A native or inhabitant of Latium; a Roman. 2. The language of the ancient Romans. 3. An exercise in schools, consisting in turning English into Latin. 4. A member of the Roman Catholic Church. (<xe see: Dog Latin, barbarous Latin; a jargon in imitation of Latin; as, the log Latin of schoolboys. Late Latin, Low Latin, terms used indifferently to designate the latest stages of the Latin language; low Latin (and, perhaps, late Latin also), including the barbarous coinages from the French, German, and other languages into a Latin form made after the Latin had become a dead language for the people. Law Latin, that kind of late, or low, Latin, used in statutes and legal instruments; often barbarous. 1. Of or pertaining to Latium, or to the Latins, a people of Latium; Roman; as, the Latin language. 2. Of, pertaining to, or composed in, the language used by the Romans or Latins; as, a Latin grammar; a Latin composition or idiom. Latin Church, the Western or Roman Catholic Church, as distinct from the Greek or Eastern Church. Latin cross. Latin races, a designation sometimes loosely given to certain nations, especially. The French, Spanish, and Italians, who speak languages principally derived from Latin. Latin Union, an association of states, originally comprising France, Belgium, Switzerland, and Italy, which, in 1865, entered into a monetary agreement, providing for an identity in the weight and fineness of the gold and silver coins of those countries, and for the amounts of each kind of coinage by each. Greece, Servia, Roumania, and Spain subsequently joined the Union. Origin: F, fr. L. Latinus belonging to Latium, Latin, fr. Latium a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated. Cf. Ladin, Lateen sail. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| latin america | The geographic area of latin america in general and when the specific country or countries are not indicated. It usually includes central america, south america, mexico, and the islands of the caribbean. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chi-square | A statistical technique whereby variables are categorised to determine whether a distribution of scores is due to chance or experimental factors. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chi-square distribution | A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chi-square test | A statistical method of assessing the significance of a difference, as when the data from two or more samples is represented by a discrete number such as the numbers of females and males attending each of two colleges. Synonym: x2 test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| square | 1. <geometry> The corner, or angle, of a figure. A parallelogram having four equal sides and four right angles. 2. Hence, anything which is square, or nearly so; as: A square piece or fragment. "He bolted his food down his capacious throat in squares of three inches." (Sir W. Scott) A pane of glass. One hundred superficial feet. 3. An area of four sides, generally with houses on each side; sometimes, a solid block of houses; also, an open place or area for public use, as at the meeting or intersection of two or more streets. "The statue of Alexander VII. Stands in the large square of the town." (Addison) 4. <mechanics> An instrument having at least one right angle and two or more straight edges, used to lay out or test square work. It is of several forms, as the T square, the carpenter's square, the try-square, etc. 5. Hence, a pattern or rule. 6. <mathematics> The product of a number or quantity multiplied by itself; thus, 64 is the square of 8, for 8 <times/ 8 = 64; the square of a + b is a^2 + 2ab + b^2. 7. Exact proportion; justness of workmanship and conduct; regularity; rule. "They of Galatia [were] much more out of square." (Hooker) "I have not kept my square." (Shak) 8. A body of troops formed in a square, especially. One formed to resist a charge of cavalry; a squadron. "The brave squares of war." 9. The relation of harmony, or exact agreement; equality; level. "We live not on the square with such as these." (Dryden) 10. <astronomy> The position of planets distant ninety degrees from each other; a quadrate. 11. The act of squaring, or quarreling; a quarrel. 12. The front of a woman's dress over the bosom, usually worked or embroidered. Geometrical square. See Quadrat. Hollow square, a formation of troops in the shape of a square, each side consisting of four or five ranks, and the colours, officers, horses, etc, occupying the middle. Least square, Magic square, etc. See Least, Magic, etc. On the square, or Upon the square, in an open, fair manner; honestly, or upon honor. On, or Upon, the square with, upon equality with; even with. To be all squares, to be all settled. To be at square, to be in a state of quarreling. To break no square, to give no offense; to make no difference. To break squares, to depart from an accustomed order. To see how the squares go, to see how the game proceeds; a phrase taken from the game of chess, the chessboard being formed with squares. Origin: OF. Esquarre, esquierre, F. Equerre a carpenter's square (cf. It. Squadra), fr. (assumed) LL. Exquadrare to make square; L. Ex + quadrus a square, fr. Quattuor four. See Four, and cf. Quadrant, Squad, Squer a square. 1. <geometry> Having four equal sides and four right angles; as, a square figure. 2. Forming a right angle; as, a square corner. 3. Having a shape broad for the height, with rectilineal and angular rather than curving outlines; as, a man of a square frame. 4. Exactly suitable or correspondent; true; just. "She's a most truimphant lady, if report be square to her." (Shak) 5. Rendering equal justice; exact; fair; honest, as square dealing. 6. Even; leaving no balance; as, to make or leave the accounts square. 7. Leaving nothing; hearty; vigorous. "By Heaven, square eaters. More meat, I say." (Beau. & Fl) 8. at right angles with the mast or the keel, and parallel to the horizon; said of the yards of a square-rigged vessel when they are so braced. Square is often used in self-explaining compounds or combination, as in square-built, square-cornered, square-cut, square-nosed, etc. Square foot, an area equal to that of a square the sides of which are twelwe inches; 144 square inches. Square knot, a knot in which the terminal and standing parts are parallel to each other; a reef knot. Square measure, the measure of a superficies or surface which depends on the length and breadth taken conjointly. The units of square measure are squares whose sides are the linear measures; as, square inches, square feet, square meters, etc. Square number. See square. <mathematics> Square root of a number or quantity, a stern having a transom and joining the counter timbers at an angle, as distinguished from a round stern, which has no transom. Three-square, Five-square, etc, having three, five, etc, equal sides; as, a three-square file. To get square with, to get even with; to pay off. 1. To form with four sides and four right angles. 2. To form with right angles and straight lines, or flat surfaces; as, to square mason's work. 3. To compare with, or reduce to, any given measure or standard. 4. To adjust; to regulate; to mold; to shape; to fit; as, to square our actions by the opinions of others. "Square my trial To my proportioned strength." (Milton) 5. To make even, so as leave no remainder of difference; to balance; as, to square accounts. 6. <mathematics> To multiply by itself; as, to square a number or a quantity. 7. <astronomy> To hold a quartile position respecting. "The icy Goat and Crab that square the Scales." (Creech) 8. To place at right angles with the keel; as, to square the yards. To square one's shoulders, to raise the shoulders so as to give them a square appearance, a movement expressing contempt or dislike. <mathematics> To square the circle, to determine the exact contents of a circle in square measure. The solution of this famous problem is now generally admitted to be impossible. Origin: Cf. OF. Escarrer, esquarrer. See Square. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| square matrix | A matrix in which the numbers of rows and columns are equal. (05 Mar 2000) |
| square wave stimuli | Electrical stimulation in which the intensity of the current is brought suddenly to a given level and maintained at that level until it suddenly is cut off; this type of stimulus is particularly useful in obtaining a strength-duration curve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inverse square law | As applied to point sources, the intensity of radiation diminishes in proportion to the square of the distance from the source. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Latin square | a square matrix of n rows and columns |
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