| TRS | testicular regression syndrome; total reducing sugars; tubuloreticular structure |
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| PSR | pain sensitivity range; perspective surface rendering; portal systemic resistance; proliferative sic... |
| PVR | peripheral vascular resistance; perspective volume rendering; poliovirus receptor; postvoiding resid... |
| cAMP | cyclic Adenosine Mono-Phosphate |
| cGMP | cyclic Guanosine Mono-Phosphate |
| cyclic AMP | 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
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| cyclic AMP | 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate |
| cyclic GMP | 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate |
| cyclic AMP | Cyclic 3',5' adenosine monophosphate |
| cyclic GMP | Cyclic guanosine 3',5' monophosphate |
| Haworth perspective formula | <biochemistry> Of cyclic sugars, perspective representations of furanose or pyranose structures as pentagons or hexagons, respectively, with the connecting bonds so shaded as to make them appear as though the plane of the ring is at an angle of 30 |
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| perspective | 1. A glass through which objects are viewed. "Not a perspective, but a mirror." 2. That which is seen through an opening; a view; a vista. "The perspective of life." 3. The effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the eye recognised them as being at a more or less measurable distance. Hence, aerial perspective, the assumed greater vagueness or uncertainty of outline in distant objects. "Aerial perspective is the expression of space by any means whatsoever, sharpness of edge, vividness of colour, etc." (Ruskin) 4. The art and the science of so delineating objects that they shall seem to grow smaller as they recede from the eye. Synonym: linear perspective. 5. A drawing in linear perspective. Isometrical perspective, an inaccurate term for a mechanical way of representing objects in the direction of the diagonal of a cube. Perspective glass, a telescope which shows objects in the right position. Origin: F. Perspective, fr. Perspectif: cf. It. Perspettiva. See Perspective. 1. Of or pertaining to the science of vision; optical. 2. Pertaining to the art, or in accordance with the laws, of perspective. Perspective plane, the plane or surface on which the objects are delineated, or the picture drawn; the plane of projection; distinguished from the ground plane, which is that on which the objects are represented as standing. When this plane is oblique to the principal face of the object, the perspective is called oblique perspective; when parallel to that face, parallel perspective. <zoology> Perspective shell, any shell of the genus Solarium and allied genera. See Solarium. Origin: L. Perspicere, perspectum, to look through; per + spicere, specere, to look: cf. F. Perspectif; or from E. Perspective, n. See Spy. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| Haworth conformational formula | <biochemistry> Of cyclic sugars, for the pyranoses, these depict those shapes (conformations) on which none, one, or two ring-atoms lie outside the plane of the ring. If there are two such atoms para to each other, they can lie 1) on opposite sides of the plane (trans), giving chair forms, or 2) on the same side of the plane (cis), giving boat forms. For beta-d-ribopyranose, the two chair forms (4C1 and 1C4) are depicted. Similarly, there are six boat conformations. If the two (trans) exoplanar atoms are meta to each other, the conformation is a skew form; if the two atoms are ortho to each other, the conformation is a half-chair form. For the furanoses, the envelope conformations have one ring-atom exoplanar. If there are three adjacent, coplanar ring-atoms (the two exoplanar ring-atoms on opposite sides of the plane), the conformations are twist forms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Haworth, Sir Walter Norman | <person> British chemist and Nobel laureate, 1883-1950. See: Haworth conformational formulas of cyclic sugars, Haworth perspective formulas of cyclic sugars. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine diphosphate sugars | Esters formed between the aldehydic carbon of sugars and the terminal phosphate of adenosine diphosphate. (12 Dec 1998) |
| amino sugars | Sugar's in which a hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amino group; e.g., d-glucosamine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| guanosine diphosphate sugars | Esters formed between the aldehydic carbon of sugars and the terminal phosphate of guanosine diphosphate. (12 Dec 1998) |
| polyisoprenyl phosphate sugars | Compounds functioning as activated glycosyl carriers in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins and glycophospholipids. They include the polyisoprenyl pyrophosphates. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sugars | Those carbohydrates (saccharides) having the general composition (CH2O)n and simple derivatives thereof. Although the simple monomeric sugars (glycoses) are often written as polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, e.g., HOCH2-(CHOH)4-CHO for aldohexoses (e.g., glucose) or HOCH2-(CHOH)3-CO-CH2OH for 2-ketoses (e.g., fructose), cyclization can give rise to varied structures as described below. Sugars are generally identifiable by the ending -ose or, if in combination with a nonsugar (aglycon), -oside or -osyl. Sugars especially d-glucose, are the chief source of energy, by oxidation, in nature, and they and their derivatives (e.g., d-glucosamine, d-glucuronic acid), in polymeric form, are major constituents of mucoproteins, bacterial cell walls, and plant structural material (e.g., cellulose). Sugars are often found in combination with steroids (steroid glycosides) and other aglycons. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nucleoside-diphosphate sugars | Nucleoside diphosphates linked through the 5'-diphosphoric group with simple or complex carbohydrates; e.g., GDP-mannose, UDP-glucose (UDPG), dTDP-glucosamine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dTDP-sugars | Sugars or sugar derivatives bonded to dTDP. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate | An activator of phosphorylase kinase and an effector of other enzymes, formed in muscle from ATP by adenylate cyclase and broken down to 5'-AMP by a phosphodiesterase; sometimes referred to as the "second messenger." A related compound (2',3') is also known. Synonym: cyclic adenylic acid, cyclic AMP, cyclic phosphate. Acronym: cAMP (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate phosphodiesterase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate forming 5'-AMP. A crucial step in the regulation of cellular adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate levels. Inhibited by caffeine. Synonym: cAMP phosphodiesterase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine cyclic phosphate | An activator of phosphorylase kinase and an effector of other enzymes, formed in muscle from ATP by adenylate cyclase and broken down to 5'-AMP by a phosphodiesterase; sometimes referred to as the "second messenger." A related compound (2',3') is also known. Synonym: cyclic adenylic acid, cyclic AMP, cyclic phosphate. Acronym: cAMP (05 Mar 2000) |
| amino acids, cyclic | A class of amino acids characterised by a closed ring structure. (12 Dec 1998) |
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