| ¿µ¹® | radiation | ÇÑ±Û | ¹æ»ç¼± |
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| ¼³¸í | ºûÀÇ ÀüÀÚÀÚ±âÆÄ³ª ȤÀº ÀÔÀÚÆÄ(¥á, ¥â, ¥ã¼±)¸¦ ¸»Çϴµ¥, ¾î¶² ±Ù¿ø¹°Áú¿¡¼ »ý°Ü ¹æÃâµÈ´Ù. À̿½ÖÀ» »ý¼ºÇÏ´Â °í¿¡³ÊÁö ¹æ»ç¼±(X-¼±°ú °¨¸¶¼±)À» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¹æ»ç¼±Çϸé, ÁÖ·Î Àü¸®¹æ»ç¼±À» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¹æ»ç¼±À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿©, °¡Àå ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¹æ»ç¼±ÇÐÀû °Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿Ü Ä¡·á¿¡µµ ÀÌ¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. °¢ ¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ Á¾·ù¿¡ µû¶ó Á¶±Ý¾¿ ÀÎü¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀÌ ´Ù¸£¸ç, À̸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© °¢±â ´Ù¸£°Ô Áø´Ü ¹× Ä¡·á¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | radiation dose | ÇÑ±Û | ¹æ»ç¼±·® |
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| ¼³¸í | ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»çÀÇ Á¤µµ. ¹æ»ç¼±»ý¹°ÇÐÀ̳ª ÀÎüÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±¹æÈ£¿¡¼´Â Àü¸®¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ ¾ç, Áï ¼±·®ÀÌ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÈ´Ù. ¹æ»ç¼±·®¿¡¼µµ ±¹Á¦´ÜÀ§°è(SI)°¡ ä¿ëµÇ¾î ±¹Á¦¹æ»ç¼±¹æÈ£À§¿øÈ¸(ICRP)ÀÇ ±Ç°í¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿©·¯ ´ÜÀ§°¡ ³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¨ç Èí¼ö¼±·®(absorbed dose). ¹°ÁúÀÇ ´ÜÀ§Áú·®ÀÌ ¹æ»ç¼±¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁö. ÀÌ ´ÜÀ§´Â ¹æ»ç¼± ¹× ¹°ÁúÀÇ Á¾·ù°¡ ¾î¶°ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´õ¶óµµ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±¹Á¦´ÜÀ§´Â J/kgÀ̸ç À̰Ϳ¡ °íÀ¯ÇÑ ¸íĪÀ¸·Î ±×·¹ÀÌ(gray, ±âÈ£ Gy)°¡ ºÎ¿©µÈ´Ù. 1Gy=100¶óµå(rad). ¨è Á¶»ç¼±·®(exposure) ¶Ç´Â °øÁß¼±·®. X¼± ¶Ç´Â ¥ã¼±¿¡ ÇÑÇØ¼ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ±¹Á¦´ÜÀ§´Â C/kg. ¨é ¼±·®´ç·®(dose equivalent). ¹æ»ç¼±¹æÈ£¸¦ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¾ç. ±âÈ£´Â H. H´Â ¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ Á¾·ù¿Í ¿¡³ÊÁö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ýü¿¡ ÁÖ´Â È¿°ú¸¦ º¸Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¼±Áú°è¼ö(Q)¿Í ±× ¹ÛÀÇ ÀÎÀÚ(¿¹¸¦ µé¸é ¼±·®·ü, ¹æ»ç¼ºµ¿À§¿ø¼Ò¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ³»ºÎÇÇÆø½Ã¿¡´Â ±× ÇÙÁ¾ÀÇ Ã¼³»ºÐÆ÷ µî)¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ º¸Á¤°è¼ö(N)¸¦ Èí¼ö¼±·®(D)¿¡ °öÇÑ °Í, Áï H=D-Q-N. ¶ÇÇÑ DÀÇ ´ÜÀ§¸¦ Gy ¶Ç´Â rad·Î Ç¥½ÃÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ HÀÇ ´ÜÀ§¸¦ °¢°¢ ½Ãº£¸£Æ®(sievert, ±âÈ£ Sv) ¹× ·½(rem)À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ 1 Sv=102rem. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ´ÜÀ§½Ã°£´çÀÇ ¼±·®À» ¼±·®·ü(dose rate)À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | radiation therapy | ÇÑ±Û | ¹æ»ç¼±¿ä¹ý |
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| ¼³¸í | X¼±, ¥ã¼±ÀÇ ÀüÀÚ¹æ»ç¼±À̳ª ÀüÀÚ¼±, ¾çÀÚ¼±, Áß¼ºÀÚ¼± µîÀÇ ÀÔÀÚ¹æ»ç¼±À» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ, ÁÖ·Î ¾Ç¼º Á¾¾ç Ä¡·á¸¦ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â Ä¡·á¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷°¡ ÁÖÀ§ÀÇ Á¤»ó¼¼Æ÷º¸´Ùµµ ¹æ»ç¼± °¨¼ö¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀº Á¡À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿©, Á¤»ó¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ¼Õ»óÀ» °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ ÃÖ¼Ò·Î ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ¸é¼ ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ÆÄ±«ÇÑ´Ù. »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¹æ»ç¼±¿¡´Â ¹ÐºÀ¼Ò¼±¿ø¿¡¼ ³ª¿À´Â ¥ã¼±, Á÷¼±°¡¼Ó±â¿¡¼ ¾ò¾îÁö´Â °í¿¡³ÊÁö X¼±°ú ÀüÀÚ¼±, ÅÚ·¹ÄÚ¹ßÆ®ÀåÄ¡¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ 60CoÀÇ ¥ã¼±°ú, º£Å¸Æ®·Ð¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀüÀÚ¼±, »çÀÌÅ©·ÎÆ®·Ð¿¡¼ ¾ò¾îÁö´Â ¾çÀÚ¼±, Áß¼ºÀÚ¼± µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | radiation therapy | ÇÑ±Û | ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á |
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| ¼³¸í | ¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ »ì±ÕÈ¿°ú³ª ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ Á×ÀÌ´Â È¿°ú¸¦ Ä¡·á¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î, Á¼Àº Àǹ̷Π¾ÏÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ¾Ï¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á´Â ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷¸¦ Á×À̴µ¥ È¿°ú°¡ Å« º£Å¸¼±À» ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀÌ·± ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á´Â Á¤»ó¼¼Æ÷¿¡µµ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢ÃÄ ÀÌ¿¡ µû¸¥ ±â´ÉÀÇ Àå¾Ö¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á¿¡ À־ ´ÜÁö ±× ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÛ¿ë»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, Á¤»ó¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÛ¿ëµµ °í·ÁÇÏ¿© ½ÃÇàÇÑ´Ù. |
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| HEIR | health effects of ionizing radiation; high-energy ionizing radiation |
|---|---|
| RO | radiation oncology; radiation output; ratio of; relative odds; renal osteodystrophy; reverse osmosis... |
| RR | radiation reaction; radiation response; rate ratio; rational recovery [group]; recovery room; relati... |
| LASER | Light Amplication by Stimulated Emission of Radiation |
| rad | radiation absorbed dose |
| CRT | Cranial radiation therapy |
|---|---|
| CRE | Cumulative Radiation Effect |
| ESRF | European Synchrotron Radiation Facility |
| EBRT | External Beam Radiation Therapy |
| XRT | External beam radiation therapy |
| Gratiolet's radiation | The massive, fanlike fibre system passing from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus to the visual cortex (striate or calcarine cortex, area 17 of Brodmann); the fibres follow the retrolenticular and sublenticular limbs of the internal capsule into the corona radiata but they curve back along the lateral wall of the temporal and occipital horns of the lateral ventricle to the striate cortex on the medial surface and pole of the occipital lobe. Synonym: radiatio optica, geniculocalcarine radiation, geniculocalcarine tract, Gratiolet's fibres, Gratiolet's radiation, occipitothalamic radiation, Wernicke's radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Gratiolet | Louis P., French anatomist, physiologist, and physician, 1815-1865. See: Gratiolet's fibres, Gratiolet's radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Gratiolet's fibres | The massive, fanlike fibre system passing from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus to the visual cortex (striate or calcarine cortex, area 17 of Brodmann); the fibres follow the retrolenticular and sublenticular limbs of the internal capsule into the corona radiata but they curve back along the lateral wall of the temporal and occipital horns of the lateral ventricle to the striate cortex on the medial surface and pole of the occipital lobe. Synonym: radiatio optica, geniculocalcarine radiation, geniculocalcarine tract, Gratiolet's fibres, Gratiolet's radiation, occipitothalamic radiation, Wernicke's radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abnormalities, radiation-induced | Congenital changes in the morphology of organs produced by exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| accidents, radiation | Accidental dispersal of radioactive materials from a radiation source. Accidents at nuclear reactors can involve large groups of the population from dispersion of radioactivity into the environment and through fallout or a few individuals with high injurious doses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acoustic radiation | The fibres that pass from the medial geniculate body to the transverse temporal gyri of the cerebral cortex by way of the sublentiform part of the internal capsule. Synonym: radiatio acustica. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute radiation syndrome | <syndrome> A syndrome caused by exposure of the body to large amounts of radiation, (e.g., from certain forms of therapy, accidents, and nuclear explosions; it is divided into three major forms which are, in ascending order of severity, the haematogic, gastrointestinal, and central nervous system-cardiovascular forms; its clinical manifestations are divided into prodromal, latent, overt, and recovery stages. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adaptive radiation | <chemistry> The evolution of new speciesor sub-species to fill unoccupied ecological niches. (06 May 1997) |
| alpha radiation | <physics, radiobiology> The most easily absorbable type of radiation, it consists of a stream of alpha particles, doubly ionised helium nuclei which are electrically charged and produce intense ionisation in matter. Alpha radiation can be deflected in electromagnetic fields. (09 Oct 1997) |
| annihilation radiation | The radiation resulting when a positron from beta positive decay comes to rest. It encounters an electron, and they annihilate each other and convert their rest mass into two 0.51-MeV gamma rays emitted in exactly opposite directions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| background radiation | <radiobiology> Level of environmental radation due to background sources. Background sources can be natural, such as cosmic rays and natural radioactive elements (principally radon, but including other elements such as isotopes of potassium (which people get substantial amounts of in foods like bananas)). They can also be man-made, such as from fossil-fuel combustion, everyday leakage from nuclear activities, and leftover from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. Background radiation is usually distinguished from acute radiation, such as from medical X-rays, nuclear accidents, radioisotope therapy, or other short-term doses. The man-made contribution to background radiation is quite small compared to the natural contribution, medical uses dominate human exposure to acute radiation. (09 Oct 1997) |
| beta radiation | <radiobiology> Radiant energy from a source of beta rays. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation | <radiobiology> Propagation of energy through space. In the context of this report, it is electromagnetic radiation (X-rays or gamma rays) or corpuscular radiation (alpha particles, electrons, protons, neutrons) capable of producing ionisation. (16 Dec 1997) |
| radiation anaemia | Hypoplastic anaemia sometimes occurring after high-level acute or low-level chronic exposure to ionizing radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation biology | Field of science that studies the biological effects of ionizing radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation biophysics | The study of the effects of radiation on cells, tissues, biomolecules, and living organisms. (05 Mar 2000) |
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