| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| SS | disulfide; sacrosciatic; saline soak; saline solution; saliva sample; saliva substitute; Salmonella-... |
| HI Method | Hemagglutination Inhibiting Method; 혈구 응집 억제법 |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| E.P.G. | Eggs Per Gram of feces |
| EPG | Eggs per gram |
| GNB | Gram negative bacilli |
| GNB | Gram negative bacteria |
| Gram's stain | <microbiology, technique> A method for differential staining of bacteria; smears are fixed by flaming, stained in a solution of crystal violet, treated with iodine solution, rinsed, decolorised, and then counterstained with safranin O. Gram-positive organisms stain purple black and Gram-negative organisms stain pink; useful in bacterial taxonomy and identification, and also in indicating fundamental differences in cell wall structure. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Gram stain | <microbiology, procedure> A method of staining bacteria using a violet stain. The gram staining characteristics (denoted as positive or negative) can assist in the identification of the offending bacteria. A heat fixed bacterial smear is stained with crystal violet (methyl violet), treated with 3% iodine/potassium iodide solution, washed with alcohol and counterstained. The method differentiates bacteria into two main classes, gram-positive and gram-negative. Certain bacteria, notably mycobacteria, that have walls with high lipid content show acid-fast staining the stain resists decolouration in strong acid. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Weigert-Gram stain | <technique> A stain for bacteria in tissues in which sections are stained in alum-haematoxylin, then in eosin, aniline methyl violet, and Lugol's solution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| half-a-gram stain | <technique> A lab technique used to detect the presence of members from the bacterial family Legionellaceae in samples of sputum. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Stirling's modification of Gram's stain | <technique> A stable aniline-crystal violet stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| centimeter-gram-second system | The scientific system of expressing the fundamental physical units of length, mass, and time, and those units derived from them, in centimeters, grams, and seconds; currently being replaced by the International System of Units based on the meter, kilogram, and second. (05 Mar 2000) |
| centimeter-gram-second unit | <unit> An absolute unit of the centimeter-gram-second system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram | A gram is the unit of measurement used to measure mass in the metric system. It is equal to the mass of one millilitre (one thousandth of a litre) of water at the temperature where water has the highest density (4 degrees C). (09 Oct 1997) |
| gram-atomic weight | Atomic weight expressed in grams. Compare: mole. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram calorie | The quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1캜, or from 14.5캜 to 15.5캜 in the case of normal or standard calorie. Synonym: gram calorie. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram-centimeter | The energy exerted, or work done, when a mass of 1 g is raised a height of 1 cm; equal to 9.807 × 10-5 joules or newton-meters. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram equivalent | The weight in grams of an element that combines with or replaces 1 gram of hydrogen, the atomic or molecular weight in grams of an atom or group of atoms involved in a chemical reaction divided by the number of electrons donated, taken up, or shared by the atom or group of atoms in the course of that reaction, the weight of a substance contained in 1 liter of 1 normal solution; a variant of. Synonym: combining weight, equivalent weight. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gram, Hans | <person> Danish bacteriologist, 1853-1938. See: Gram's iodine, Gram's stain, Weigert-Gram stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram-ion | <chemistry> The weight in grams of an ion that is equal to the sum of the atomic weights of the atoms making up the ion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram-meter | <unit> A unit of energy equal to 100 gram-centimeters. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gram's method, stain, solution |
see Stains and Staining Methods, under stain, and see gram-negative and gram-positive.
출처: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_health_library.j...
|
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|