| ¿µ¹® | Gram stain | ÇÑ±Û | ±×¶÷¿°»ö |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¹Ì»ý¹°À» ¿°»öÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý ÁßÀÇ Çϳª. 1884³â µ§¸¶Å©ÀÇ ÀÇ»ç H.C.J. ±×¶÷(1853~ 1938)ÀÌ °í¾ÈÇÑ Æ¯¼ö ¿°»ö¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿°»ö¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¹Ì»ý¹°Àº ¾ç¼º±Õ°ú À½¼º±ÕÀÇ 2¹«¸®·Î Å©°Ô ³ª´¶´Ù. ¿°»ö¹ýÀº ±ÕÀ» À¯¸®¸é¿¡ ¹Ù¸£°í °¡¿ °íÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. Á¨½Ã¾È¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿, Å©¸®½ºÅ» ¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿, ¸ÞÆ¿¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿ µî ÆÄ¶ó·ÎÁî ¾Æ´Ò¸°°è »ö¼ÒÀÇ ¾î´À Çϳª¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿ì¼± ¿°»öÇϰí ÀÌ¾î¼ ·ç°ñ¾×À» ÀÛ¿ë½ÃŲ µÚ, ¿¡Åº¿Ã ¶Ç´Â ¾Æ¼¼ÅæÀ¸·Î Å»»öÇÑ´Ù. À̶§ Å»»öµÇÁö ¾Ê°í º¸¶ó»öÀ» Ÿ³ª³»´Â °ÍÀ» ±×¶÷¾ç¼º±ÕÀ̶ó ºÎ¸£¸ç, Æ÷µµ¾Ë±Õ-Æó·Å¾Ë±Õ-»ç½½¾Ë±Õ µîÀÌ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¿¹ÀÌ´Ù. Å»»öµÇ¸é ±×¶÷À½¼º±ÕÀ̶ó ºÎ¸£¸ç, ´ëÀå±Õ-³ì³ó±Õ µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÃÖÈÄ¿¡ »çÇÁ¶ó´Ñ, Ç«½Å µî Àû»ö°èÀÇ »ö¼Ò¾×À¸·Î ÈÄ¿°»öÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÇ °¨º°¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿°»ö¹ýÀÌ¸ç ¿°»ö¼ºÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¿µ¾ç¿ä±¸¼º, ÈÇпä¹ýÁ¦(Ç×»ý¹°Áú µî)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¨¼ö¼ºÀÇ Â÷À̿͵µ °ü·ÃµÇ´Â Á¡ÀÌ ¸¹À¸¹Ç·Î »ç¿ë¾àÁ¦ÀÇ ¼±Åýÿ¡µµ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¶÷¾ç¼º±Õ°ú À½¼º±ÕÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¼¼±Õº®ÀÇ ±¸Á¶¿¡ Àִµ¥, ¾ç¼º±ÕÀº ¼¼Æ÷¸·ÀÇ ¹Ù±ùÂÊ ÆéƼµå±Û¸®ÄÀ̶ó´Â ´ç´Ü¹éÁúÃþÀÇ µÎ²²°¡ 20~80nm³ª µÇ°í, ±×·¥À½¼º±ÕÀÇ ÆéƼµå±Û¸®Ä ÃþÀº 2~3nm·Î ¾ã°í, ´Ù½Ã ¹Ù±ùÂÊ¿¡ ¿Ü¸·À̶ó ºÎ¸£´Â ÃþÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | sex chromosome | ÇÑ±Û | ¼º¿°»öü |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¾Ï¼öÀÇ ¼ºÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â µ¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ±¸½ÇÀ» ÇÏ´Â ¿°»öü. À̰Ϳ¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© º¸ÅëÀÇ ¿°»öü¸¦ º¸Åë¿°»öü¶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ¾Ï¼öÀÇ ±¸º°ÀÌ ÀÖ´Â »ý¹°¿¡¼´Â ¾Ï¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸¥ Çü°ú ¼ö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¿°»öüÀ̸ç, º¸Åë¿°»öü¿¡ ºñÇØ ¿°»ö¼ºÀ̳ª Çൿ¿¡¼ Â÷À̰¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ µ¿¹°ÀÇ ¼º¿°»öü´Â ±×·± °æÇâÀÌ °ÇÏ´Ù. ÈÞÁö±â ¹× Çٺп Àü±â¿¡ ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ ÀÌ»óÀÀÃàÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»¸ç °¨¼öºÐ¿ ¶§´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¿°»öüº¸´Ù ¸ÕÀú ¾Õ¼°Å³ª ²ø·Á°¡´Â ÇൿÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | chromosome | ÇÑ±Û | ¿°»öü |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸¸¦ ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â DNA°¡ ¸ð¿©¼ ÀÌ·ç´Â ±¸Á¶¹°·Î ÇÙ¼Ó¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼Æ÷°¡ ºÐ¿ÇÒ ¶§ À̰ÍÀ» ´õ¿í ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ °üÂûÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº »ç¶÷ó·³ °íµî»ý¹°Ã¼¿¡¼ ³Ê¹«³ª ¸¹Àº Á¤º¸¸¦ ´ã°í ÀÖ¾î, ¾öû³ ±æÀÌ(»ç¶÷¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ Àü DNA¸¦ ±æÀÌ·Î µûÁö¸é ¾à 2m°¡ µÈ´Ù)°¡ µÈ DNA¸¦ ÀÛÀº ÇÙÀ̶õ °ø°£¼Ó¿¡ º¸°üÇϱâ À§Çؼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø ±¸Á¶ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿°»öüÀÇ ¼ö´Â »ý¹°ÀÇ Á¾¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£¸ç »ç¶÷ÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â 46°³ÀÌ´Ù. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | chromosome abnormality | ÇÑ±Û | ¿°»öüÀÌ»ó |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¿°»öüÀÇ ¼ö³ª ±¸Á¶ÀÇ ÀÌ»ó. ÀÌ»óÀÌ »ý±ä ¼¼Æ÷³ª °³Ã¼´Â À¯ÀüÀûÀÎ ÀÌ»óÀ» ÀÏÀ¸ÄÑ »ç¶÷ÀÇ °æ¿ì, ´Ù¿î ÁõÈıº-ÅÍ³Ê ÁõÈıº µûÀ§ÀÇ ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ÇüÅ·Π³ªÅ¸³´Ù. |
||
| WG | water gauge; Wegener granulomatosis; Wright-Giemsa [stain] |
|---|---|
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| FPG | fasting plasma glucose; fluorescence plus Giemsa; focal proliferative glomerulonephritis |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| MGG | MAY-GRUNWALD-GIEMSA |
| FPG | fluorescence plus Giemsa |
| ASGB | Adjustable Silicone Gastric Banding |
| b | C-banding |
| Giemsa chromosome banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| quinacrine chromosome banding stain | q-banding stain |
|---|---|
| Giemsa stain | <technique> Compound of methylene blue-eosin and methylene blue used for demonstrating Negri bodies, Tunga species, spirochetes and protozoans, and differential staining of blood smears; also used for chromosomes, sometimes after hydrolyzing the cytologic preparation in hot hydrochloric acid, and for showing chromosome G bands; often used in glycerol-methanol buffer solution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fluorescence plus Giemsa stain | <technique> A stain used to demonstrate sister chromatid exchange; cells are grown in 5-bromodeoxyuridine, followed by chromosome preparation, staining in Hoechst 33258, exposure to light, and staining in Giemsa; chromosomes exhibit a "harlequin" appearance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chromosome banding | Staining of bands, or chromosome segments, allowing the precise identification of individual chromosomes or parts of chromosomes. Applications include the determination of chromosome rearrangements in malformation syndromes and cancer, the chemistry of chromosome segments, chromosome changes during evolution, and, in conjunction with cell hybridization studies, chromosome mapping. (12 Dec 1998) |
| G-banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| R-banding stain | <technique> A reverse Giemsa chromosome banding method that produces bands complementary to G-bands; induced by treatment with high temperature, low pH, or acridine orange staining; often used together with G-banding on human karyotype to determine whether there are deletions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| C-banding stain | <technique> A selective chromosome banding stain used in human cytogenetics, employing Giemsa stain after most of the DNA is denatured or extracted by treatment with alkali, acid, salt, or heat; only heterochromatic regions close to the centromeres and rich in satellite DNA stain, with the exception of the Y chromosome whose long arm usually stains throughout. Synonym: centromere banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| centromere banding stain | <technique> A selective chromosome banding stain used in human cytogenetics, employing Giemsa stain after most of the DNA is denatured or extracted by treatment with alkali, acid, salt, or heat; only heterochromatic regions close to the centromeres and rich in satellite DNA stain, with the exception of the Y chromosome whose long arm usually stains throughout. Synonym: centromere banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| telomeric R-banding stain | <technique> A modified R-banding stain in which the telomeres become strongly stained and faint R-banding still occurs over the rest of the chromosomes; uses air-dried slides, aging for several days, and staining in hot phosphate-buffered Giemsa stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| trypsin G-banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Giemsa | <chemical> A Romanovsky type stain that is often used to stain blood films that are suspected to contain protozoan parasites. Contains both basic and acidic dyes and will therefore differentiate acid and basic granules in granulocytes. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Giemsa, Gustav | <person> German bacteriologist, 1867-1948. See: Giemsa stain, Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| banding | <dentistry> The process of cementing orthodontic bands to your teeth. (08 Jan 1998) |
| banding of chromosomes | Treatment of chromosomes to reveal characteristic patterns of horizontal bands. Thanks to these banding patterns that resemble bar codes, each human chromosome is distinctive and can be identified without ambiguity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| banding pattern | <genetics> Chromosomes stained with certain dyes, commonly quinacrine (Q banding) or Giemsa (G banding), show a pattern of transverse bands of light and heavy staining that is characteristic for the individual chromosome. The basis of the differential staining, which is the same in most tissues, is not understood: each band represents 5-10% of the length, about 10exp7 base pairs, although this is not true for polytene chromosomes in Drosophila that show more than 4000 bands. (18 Nov 1997) |
Á¦Ç°¸í |
ÆÇ¸Å»ç |
º¸ÇèÄÚµå | ¼ººÐ/ÇÔ·® | ±¸ºÐ/º¸Çè±Þ¿© |
|---|
Á¦Ç°¸í |
ÆÇ¸Å»ç |
º¸ÇèÄÚµå | ¼ººÐ/ÇÔ·® | ±¸ºÐ/º¸Çè±Þ¿© |
|---|