| BDR | Back-ground Diabetic Retinopathy |
|---|---|
| fg | fore ground |
| GFCI | ground-fault circuit-interrupter |
| GFI | glucagon-free insulin; goodness-of-fit index; ground-fault interrupter |
| grd | ground |
| GRF | Ground Reaction Forces |
|---|---|
| GSHV | Ground squirrel hepatitis virus |
| Flechsig's ground bundles | Fasciculus anterior proprius and fasciculus lateralis proprius. See: fasciculi proprii. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| ground bundles | Flechsig's fasciculi or ground bundles (f. Anterior proprius and fasciculus lateralis proprius or lateral ground bundle); intersegmental fasciculi; ascending and descending association fibre systems of the spinal cord which lie deep in the anterior, lateral, and posterior funiculi adjacent to the gray matter. Synonym: ground bundles, intersegmental fasciculi, proper fasciculi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aberrant bundles | A group, or groups, of fibres from the corticobulbar or corticonuclear tract, directed to each of the motor nuclei of cranial nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Rathke's bundles | Muscular bundles on the lining walls of the ventricles of the heart. Synonym: columnae carneae, Rathke's bundles. (05 Mar 2000) |
| longitudinal pontine bundles | The massive bundles of corticofugal fibres passing longitudinally through the ventral part of pons; they are composed of corticopontine, corticobulbar, and corticospinal fibres. Synonym: fasciculi longitudinales pontis, longitudinal pontine bundles. (05 Mar 2000) |
| semilunar nucleus of Flechsig | The small ventral region of the ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus in which the fibres of the gustatory lemniscus and secondary trigeminal tracts terminate; it projects to the lower part of the postcentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex. Synonym: arcuate nucleus, nucleus arcuatus thalami, nucleus arcuatus, semilunar nucleus of Flechsig, thalamic gustatory nucleus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oval area of Flechsig | A compact bundle composed of descending branches of posterior root fibres located near the border between the fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus of the cervical and thoracic spinal cord; it corresponds to the septomarginal fasciculus, Hoche's tract, or oval area of Flechsig in the lumbar, and to the triangle of Philippe-Gombault in the sacral spinal segments; like these, it can be demonstrated only in cases of demyelination resulting from dorsal root lesions. Synonym: fasciculus semilunaris, fasciculus interfascicularis, comma bundle of Schultze, comma tract of Schultze, interfascicular fasciculus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Flechsig, Paul | <person> German neurologist, 1847-1929. See: Flechsig's areas, Flechsig's ground bundles, Flechsig's fasciculi, Flechsig's tract, oval area of Flechsig, semilunar nucleus of Flechsig. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Flechsig's areas | Three divisions (anterior, lateral, posterior) of each lateral half of the medulla as seen on transverse section, marked off by the root fibres of the hypoglossal and vagus nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Flechsig's fasciculi | Fasciculus anterior proprius and fasciculus lateralis proprius. See: fasciculi proprii. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Flechsig's tract | A compact bundle of heavily myelinated, thick fibres at the periphery of the dorsal half of the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord, originating in the ipsilateral thoracic nucleus (column of Clarke) and ascending by way of the inferior cerebellar peduncle. Terminals end as mossy fibres in the granular layer of the cortex of the cerebellar vermis. The bundle conveys largely proprioceptive information originating from the annulospiral nerve endings surrounding muscle spindles and from Golgi tendon organs. Synonym: tractus spinocerebellaris posterior, Flechsig's tract. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior ground bundle | The ground bundle of the anterior column of the spinal cord. See: fasciculi proprii. Synonym: anterior ground bundle. Origin: L. Dim. Of fascis, bundle (05 Mar 2000) |
| ground | 1. The surface of the earth; the outer crust of the globe, or some indefinite portion of it. "There was not a man to till the ground." (Gen. Ii. 5) "The fire ran along upon the ground." (Ex. Ix. 23) Hence: A floor or pavement supposed to rest upon the earth. 2. Any definite portion of the earth's surface; region; territory; country. Hence: A territory appropriated to, or resorted to, for a particular purpose; the field or place of action; as, a hunting or fishing ground; a play ground. "From . . . Old Euphrates, to the brook that parts Egypt from Syrian ground." (Milton) 3. Land; estate; possession; field; especially. (pl), the gardens, lawns, fields, etc, belonging to a homestead; as, the grounds of the estate are well kept. "Thy next design is on thy neighbor's grounds." (Dryden. 4) 4. The basis on which anything rests; foundation. Hence: The foundation of knowledge, belief, or conviction; a premise, reason, or datum; ultimate or first principle; cause of existence or occurrence; originating force or agency; as, the ground of my hope. 5. That surface upon which the figures of a composition are set, and which relieves them by its plainness, being either of one tint or of tints but slightly contrasted with one another; as, crimson Bowers on a white ground. See Background, Foreground, and Middle-ground. In sculpture, a flat surface upon which figures are raised in relief. In point lace, the net of small meshes upon which the embroidered pattern is applied; as, Brussels ground. See Brussels lace, under Brussels. 6. A gummy composition spread over the surface of a metal to be etched, to prevent the acid from eating except where an opening is made by the needle. 7. One of the pieces of wood, flush with the plastering, to which moldings, etc, are attached; usually in the plural. Grounds are usually put up first and the plastering floated flush with them. 8. A composition in which the bass, consisting of a few bars of independent notes, is continually repeated to a varying melody. The tune on which descants are raised; the plain song. "On that ground I'll build a holy descant." (Shak) 9. <physics> A conducting connection with the earth, whereby the earth is made part of an electrical circuit. 10. Sediment at the bottom of liquors or liquids; dregs; lees; feces; as, coffee grounds. 11. The pit of a theater. Ground angling, angling with a weighted line without a float. Ground annual, a small California bird (Chamaea fasciata) allied to the wrens and titmice. It inhibits the arid plains. Called also gronnd tit, and wren lit. To bite the ground, To break ground. See Bite, Break. To come to the ground, To fall to the ground, to come to nothing; to fail; to miscarry. To gain ground. To advance; to proceed forward in confict; as, an army in battle gains ground. To obtain an advantage; to have some success; as, the army gains ground on the enemy. To gain credit; to become more prosperous or influential. To get, or To gather, ground, to gain ground. "Evening mist . . . Gathers ground fast." . "There is no way for duty to prevail, and get ground of them, but by bidding higher." (South) To give ground, to recede; to yield advantage. "These nine . . . Began to give me ground." (Shak) To lose ground, to retire; to retreat; to withdraw from the position taken; hence, to lose advantage; to lose credit or reputation; to decline. To stand one's ground, to stand firm; to resist attack or encroachment. To take the ground to touch bottom or become stranded; said of a ship. Origin: OE. Ground, grund, AS. Grund; akin to D. Grond, OS, G, Sw, & Dan. Grund, Icel. Grunnr bottom, Goth. Grundus (in composition); perh. Orig. Meaning, dust, gravel, and if so perh. Akin to E. Grind. 1. To lay, set, or run, on the ground. 2. To found; to fix or set, as on a foundation, reason, or principle; to furnish a ground for; to fix firmly. "Being rooted and grounded in love." (Eph. Iii. 17) "So far from warranting any inference to the existence of a God, would, on the contrary, ground even an argument to his negation." (Sir W. Hamilton) 3. To instruct in elements or first principles. 4. <physics> To connect with the ground so as to make the earth a part of an electrical circuit. 5. To cover with a ground, as a copper plate for etching (see Ground, 5); or as paper or other materials with a uniform tint as a preparation for ornament. Origin: Grounded; Grounding. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| ground-glass pattern | Radiographic or CT appearance of hazy opacity which fails to obscure pulmonary vascular markings. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ground itch | Cutaneous larva migrans caused by larvae of hookworms. Synonym: ancylostoma dermatitis, ancylostomiasis cutis, coolie itch, dew itch, ground itch, swamp itch, swimmer's itch, toe itch, water itch, water sore. (05 Mar 2000) |
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