| 영문 | oral administration | 한글 | 경구복용 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 약을 투여하는 방법에는 여러 가지가 있다. 크게 나누어 보면, 입을 거쳐 위창자계를 통해 넣는 방법과 위창자계를 통하지 않고 바로 혈액으로 넣는 방법이 있다. 위창자계를 통하지 않는 방법으로 가장 흔한 방법은 주사를 이용하는 방법이다. 하지만, 이외에 항문을 통해 넣는 좌약식방법과 혀밑에 넣는 혀밑투여법도 있다. 그러나 대부분의 약제는 경구복용을 하게 된다. 경구복용에 대한 약자는 p.o.(per oral)로 표기한다. 경구복용제의 단점은 복용한 약제가 위창자관계를 거치면서 사람마다 각기 다른 흡수정도와 대사정도를 거치게 되므로 일정한 농도유지가 어렵다는데 있다. 또한 경구복용제의 모양이 캡슐형인지, 혹은 가루형인지에 따라서도 같은 약이지만, 서로 다른 효과를 나타낼 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | oral cavity | 한글 | 구강 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 입을 벌여서 입속에서 볼 수 있는 공간으로 입천장, 편도, 목젖을 볼 수 있다.  |
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| 영문 | radiation dose | 한글 | 방사선량 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 방사선조사의 정도. 방사선생물학이나 인체의 방사선방호에서는 전리방사선의 양, 즉 선량이 문제가 된다. 방사선량에서도 국제단위계(SI)가 채용되어 국제방사선방호위원회(ICRP)의 권고에 따라서 다음의 여러 단위가 널리 사용된다. ① 흡수선량(absorbed dose). 물질의 단위질량이 방사선에 의해 받아들이는 에너지. 이 단위는 방사선 및 물질의 종류가 어떠한 것이더라도 사용할 수 있다. 국제단위는 J/kg이며 이것에 고유한 명칭으로 그레이(gray, 기호 Gy)가 부여된다. 1Gy=100라드(rad). ② 조사선량(exposure) 또는 공중선량. X선 또는 γ선에 한해서 사용된다. 국제단위는 C/kg. ③ 선량당량(dose equivalent). 방사선방호를 위해 사용되는 양. 기호는 H. H는 방사선의 종류와 에너지에 의해 생체에 주는 효과를 보정하는 선질계수(Q)와 그 밖의 인자(예를 들면 선량률, 방사성동위원소에 의한 내부피폭시에는 그 핵종의 체내분포 등)에 근거한 보정계수(N)를 흡수선량(D)에 곱한 것, 즉 H=D-Q-N. 또한 D의 단위를 Gy 또는 rad로 표시하였을 때 H의 단위를 각각 시베르트(sievert, 기호 Sv) 및 렘(rem)이라고 한다. 따라서 1 Sv=102rem. 일반적으로 단위시간당의 선량을 선량률(dose rate)이라고 한다. |
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| 영문 | dose | 한글 | 용량, 투여량, 방사선량 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 약제를 한 번 또는 하루에 사용하거나 복용하는 분량. 2. 물질이나 조직에 대한 방사선의 작용 정도를 나타내는 양. 즉, 방사선량이라는 개념은 어떤 한 점에 입사하는 방사선과 그 점 근처에 있는 물질에 대한 방사선의 물리적-화학적-생물학적 효과와의 관게를 정량적으로 나타내는 공통인 척도로서 생각된 것이다. 라드(rad)로 나타내는 흡수량, 렌트겐(R)으로 나타내는 조사 선량, 렘(rem)으로 나타내는 선량 당량으로 구분하여 쓴다. |
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| 영문 | oral cavity | 한글 | 입안 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 입을 벌여서 입속에서 볼 수 있는 공간으로 입천장, 편도, 목젖을 볼 수 있다. |
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| LD | labor and delivery; laboratory data; labyrinthine defect; lactate dehydrogenase; laser Doppler; lear... |
|---|---|
| ID | identification; iditol dehydrogenase; immunodeficiency; immunodiffusion; immunoglobulin deficiency; ... |
| ORS | olfactory reference syndrome; oral rehydration solution; oral surgery, oral surgeon; Orthopaedic Res... |
| LP | labile peptide; labile protein; laboratory procedure; lactic peroxidase; lamina propria; laryngophar... |
| LFD | lactose-free diet; large for date [fetus]; late fetal death; lateral facial dysplasia; least fatal d... |
| LDR | Low Dose Rate |
|---|---|
| L.D.H. | Low-dose heparin |
| CLDR | continuous low dose rate |
| LD | low dose |
| LD Ara-C | low dose cytosine arabinoside |
low blood pressure
| back pain, low | Symptoms in the low back can relate to the bony lumbar spine, discs between the vertebrae, ligaments around the spine and discs, spinal cord and nerves, muscles of the low back, internal organs of the pelvis and abdomen, and the skin covering the lumbar area. The low back, or lumbar area, functions in structural support, movement, and protection of certain body tissue. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| blood sugar, low | The sugar here is glucose. Low blood glucose constitutes hypoglycaemia. Hypoglycaemia is only significant when it is associated with symptoms. It has many causes including drugs, liver disease, surgical absence of the stomach, pre-diabetes, and rare tumours that release excess insulin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cardiac output, low | A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output, usually seen in patients with heart failure secondary to coronary artery, hypertensive, primary myocardial, valvular, or pericardial disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
| very low density lipoprotein | <biochemistry> A lipoprotein substances (combination of a fat and a protein) which acts as a carrier for cholesterol and fats (particularly triglycerides) in the bloodstream. Elevations in very low density lipoprotein in the bloodstream are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Acronym: VLDL (18 Nov 1997) |
| Castellani-Low sign | <clinical sign> A fine tremor of the tongue observed in sleeping sickness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mean lower low water | <marine biology> The average height of the lower low waters over a 19-year period. For shorter periods of observations, corrections are applied to eliminate known variations and reduce the result to the equivalent of a mean 19-year value. (09 Oct 1997) |
| mean low water | <marine biology> The average height of the low waters over a 19-year period. For shorter periods of observations, corrections are applied to eliminate known variations and reduce the result to the equivalent of a mean 19-year value. All low-water heights are included in the average where the type of tide is either semidiurnal or mixed. Only the lower low-water heights are included in the average where the type of tide is diurnal. So determined, mean low water in the latter case is the same as mean lower low water. (09 Oct 1997) |
| placenta, low | Location of the placenta in the lower part of the uterus (womb) so that the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix. Also known as a placenta previa. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heparin, low-molecular-weight | <chemical> Heparin fractions with a molecular weight usually between 4000 and 6000 kD. These low-molecular-weight fractions are effective antithrombotic agents. Their administration reduces the risk of haemorrhage, they have a longer half-life, and their platelet interactions are reduced in comparison to unfractionated heparin. They also provide an effective prophylaxis against postoperative major pulmonary embolism. Pharmacological action: anticoagulant, fibrinolytic agent. (12 Dec 1998) |
| infant, low birth weight | An infant having a birth weight of 2500 gm. (5.5 lb.) or less but infant, very low birth weight is available for infants having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less. (12 Dec 1998) |
| infant, very low birth weight | An infant having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ear, low-set | A minor anomaly involving an ear situated down below its normal location. Technically, the ear is low-set when the helix (of the ear) meets the cranium at a level below that of a horizontal plane through both inner canthi (the inside corners of the eyes). The presence of 2 or more minor anomalies in a child increases the probability that the child has a major malformation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| kininogen, low-molecular-weight | A protein, molecular weight 50 kD, located in various normal tissues. Upon cleavage by kallikrein or other kallikreins, it forms kallidin. Kallidin, in turn, is converted into bradykinin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| low | 1. Occupying an inferior position or place; not high or elevated; depressed in comparison with something else; as, low ground; a low flight. 2. Not rising to the usual height; as, a man of low stature; a low fence. 3. Near the horizon; as, the sun is low at four o'clock in winter, and six in summer. 4. Sunk to the farthest ebb of the tide; as, low tide. 5. Beneath the usual or remunerative rate or amount, or the ordinary value; moderate; cheap; as, the low price of corn; low wages. 6. Not loud; as, a low voice; a low sound. 7. Depressed in the scale of sounds; grave; as, a low pitch; a low note. 8. Made, as a vowel, with a low position of part of the tongue in relation to the palate; as, (m), (all). 9. Near, or not very distant from, the equator; as, in the low northern latitudes. 10. Numerically small; as, a low number. 11. Wanting strength or animation; depressed; dejected; as, low spirits; low in spirits. 12. Depressed in condition; humble in rank; as, men of low condition; the lower classes. "Why but to keep ye low and ignorant ?" (Milton) 13. Mean; vulgar; base; dishonorable; as, a person of low mind; a low trick or stratagem. 14. Not elevated or sublime; not exalted or diction; as, a low comparison. "In comparison of these divine writers, the noblest wits of the heathen world are low and dull." (Felton) 15. Submissive; humble. "Low reverence." 16. Deficient in vital energy; feeble; weak; as, a low pulse; made low by sickness. 17. Moderate; not intense; not inflammatory; as, low heat; a low temperature; a low fever. 18. Smaller than is reasonable or probable; as, a low estimate. 19. Not rich, high seasoned, or nourishing; plain; simple; as, a low diet. Low is often used in the formation of compounds which require no special explanation; as, low-arched, low- browed, low-crowned, low-heeled, low-lying, low-priced, low-roofed, low-toned, low-voiced, and the like. Low Church. See High Church, under High. Low Countries, the Netherlands. Low German, Low Latin, etc. See German, Latin, etc. Low life, humble life. Low milling, a process of making flour from grain by a single grinding and by siftings. Low relief. See Bas-relief. <medicine> Low side window, a contrivance of various forms attached to a boiler for giving warning when the water is low. Low water mark, that part of the shore to which the waters recede when the tide is the lowest. Low wine, a liquor containing about 20 percent of alcohol, produced by the first distillation of wash; the first run of the still; often in the plural. Origin: OE. Low, louh, lah, Icel. Lagr; akin to Sw. Lag, Dan. Lav, D. Laag, and E. Lie. See Lie to be prostrate. 1. In a low position or manner; not aloft; not on high; near the ground. 2. Under the usual price; at a moderate price; cheaply; as, he sold his wheat low. 3. In a low mean condition; humbly; meanly. 4. In time approaching our own. "In that part of the world which was first inhabited, even as low down as Abraham's time, they wandered with their flocks and herds." (Locke) 5. With a low voice or sound; not loudly; gently; as, to speak low. "The . . . Odourous wind Breathes low between the sunset and the moon." (Tennyson) 6. With a low musical pitch or tone. "Can sing both high and low." (Shak) 7. In subjection, poverty, or disgrace; as, to be brought low by oppression, by want, or by vice. 8. <astronomy> In a path near the equator, so that the declination is small, or near the horizon, so that the altitude is small; said of the heavenly bodies with reference to the diurnal revolution; as, the moon runs low, that is, is comparatively near the horizon when on or near the meridian. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| low-activation materials | <radiobiology> In fission reactors, one is forced to deal with the radioactive byproducts of the fission process, but in fusion reactors one generally has a choice of what materials to expose to neutrons produced by the fusion process. A major problem for fusion reactors is developing materials (such as for the reactor vacuum vessel structure) which can be exposed to high levels of neutron bombardment without becoming permanently radioactive. Candidate structural materials which have relatively low induced radiactivation (generally relative to stainless steel) are known as low-activation materials, these include titanium, vanadium, and silicon-carbide. (09 Oct 1997) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|