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"ECG"¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °Ë»ö °á°úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °Ë»ö °á°ú º¸´Â µµÁß¿¡ Tab ۸¦ ´©¸£½Ã¸é °Ë»ö âÀÌ ¼±Åõ˴ϴÙ.
KMLE ÀÇÇоà¾î »çÀü ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 4 ÆäÀÌÁö: 1
ECG Electro-Cardio-Graphy(-Gram); ½ÉÀüµµ
   = EKG
  1. Conducting System Structures
    1) SA Node(SAN; µ¿(¹æ)°áÀý); Pacemaker
      1> RA ÀÇ Posterior Wall or Superior Wall
      2> °¡´Ã°í ±ä °è¶õ ¸ð¾ç
      3> ¹æ½Ç°áÀý(AVN)º¸´Ù Å©´Ù.
    2) Internodal Tracts(°áÀý°£ Àüµµ·Î) (P 74)
      1> Anterior Internodal Tract; Bachmann's Bundle
      2> Middle Internodal Tract(= Wenckebach's Bundle)
      3> Posterior Internodal Tract(= Thorel's Pathway)
    3) AV Node(AVN; ¹æ½Ç°áÀý)
      1> Àüµµ ¼Óµµ; 200 mm/sec = 0.2 m/sec
      2> 0.1 sec Delay
      3> °è¶õÇü
      4> µ¿¹æ°áÀý Àý¹Ý ÀÌÇÏÀÇ Å©±â
      5> ½É¹æ Áß°Ý ¿ìÃø¿¡ À§Ä¡
    4) Atrioventricular Tract
    5) AV Bundle(¹æ½Ç¼Ó)(= Bundle of His)
    6) Bundle Branch
      1> Right Bundle Branch
      2> Left Bundle Branch
        i) Anterior Branch; Posterior Branch¿¡ ºñÇØ¼­ ±æ°í °¡´Ã¸ç Left VentricleÀÇ Àü¹æ, »ó¹æÀ¸·Î ÈïºÐÀ» Àü´Þ
        ii) Posterior Branch; ª°í ±½Àº °¡Áö, Left VentricleÀÇ ÈÄ, ÇϹæÀ¸·Î ÈïºÐÀ» Àü´Þ
    7) Purkinje Fiber; Àüµµ ¼Óµµ; 4,000 mm/sec = 4 m/sec
    @ Àüµµ ¼Óµµ
      Atrium(½É¹æ±Ù); 1,000 mm/sec = 1 m/sec
      Ventricle(½É½Ç±Ù); 400 mm/sec = 0.4 m/sec
  2. Blood Supply System Structures
    1) Right Coronary Artery(RCA); - Right Cusp of Aortic Valve
      1> SA node
      2> AV node
      3> Bundle of His
      4> Posterior Wall of Left Ventricle
      5> Right Ventricle
      6> Posterior Division of Left Bundle Branch
    2) Left Coronary Artery(LCA); - Left Cusp of Aortic Valve
      1> Right Bundle Branch
      2> Anterior Division of Left Bundle Branch
      3> Anterior Descending Branch
      4>
  3. Components
  @ Segment(ºÐÀý); Baseline(±â¼±)ºÎ
  @ Interval(°£°Ý); Wave(ÆÄ) ±îÁö Æ÷ÇÔ
    1) P Wave; Atrial Hypertrophy ¸¦ Check
      1> Atrial Depolarization, Atrial Contraction
      2> Lead II; The Tallest P Wave
          Lead III, AVL; The Smallest P Wave
          AVR; Inverted P Wave
      3> Normal;
        Height ¡Â 2.4 mm
        Duration ¡Â 0.11 sec
    2) PP Interval; P Wave ~ P Wave; ½É¹æ ¹Úµ¿¼ö
    3) F Wave; Flutter Wave
    4) PR Interval; AV BlockÀ» Áø´Ü
      1> P Wave ÀÇ ½ÃÀÛ ~ QRS Complex ÀÇ ½ÃÀÛ
      2> ½É¹æ ÈïºÐ¿¡¼­ºÎÅÍ Purkinje Fiber¿¡ ÈïºÐÆÄ°¡ µµ´ÞÇÒ¶§±îÁöÀÇ ½Ã°£
          ½É¹æÀÇ Å»ºÐ±Ø°ú ¹æ½ÇÀüµµ¿¡ °É¸®´Â ½Ã°£
      3> Normal; 0.12 - 0.20 sec
      4> Abnormal
        < 0.12 sec; ½É¹æÀüµµÃËÁø
        > 0.20 sec; 1o AV Block
    5) ½É½ÇÈïºÐ½Ã°£(VDT)
      1> QRS Complex °³½Ã ~ R Wave ²ÀÁöÁ¡±îÁö
      2> Å»ºÐ±ØÆÄ°¡ ½ÉÀåÀÇ ¾ÈÂÊ(½É³»¸·)¿¡¼­ ¹Ù±ùÂÊ(½É¿Ü¸·)±îÁö Àü´ÞµÇ´Âµ¥ °É¸®´Â ½Ã°£
    6) QRS Complex; Bundle Branch BlockÀ» Áø´Ü
    ; Ventricular Depolarization, Ventricular Contraction
    ; Axis °áÁ¤
    ; Normal; 0.04 - 0.11 sec
      1> Q Wave; R WaveÀÇ ¾Õ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â À½¼ºÆÄ
      ; Normal ·Î´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù(¿¹¿Ü, AVR)
        i) Insignificant Q Wave; small Q Wave in I, II, V5,6
        ii) Significant Q Wave
          Wide ¡Ã 1 mm(0.04 sec) or
          Height ¡Ã 1/3 of QRS Complex
          Myocardial Infarction
      2> R Wave; ¾ç¼ºÆÄ
      3> S Wave; R Wave¿¡ ÀÕ´Þ¾Æ ÀÖ´Â À½¼ºÆÄ
      4> Ta Wave
        i) Atrial Repolarization
        ii) P Wave ¿Í´Â ¹Ý´ë ¹æÇâ
        iii) QRS Complex¿Í ÀÏÄ¡µÇ¾î °ÅÀÇ º¼¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
      4> QS Wave
      5> QR Wave
      6> RS Wave
      7> RSR'S' Wave
    7) RR Interval; ½É½Ç¹Úµ¿¼ö
    8) QT Interval
      1> QRS Complex ÀÇ ½ÃÀÛ ~ T Wave ³¡±îÁö
      2> ½É½ÇÀÇ Å»ºÐ±Ø°ú ÀçºÐ±ØÀ» ¸ðµÎ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ½Ã°£
    9) J Point
    10) ST Segment; QRS ComplexÀÇ ³¡ ~ T WaveÀÇ ½ÃÀÛÁ¡
    @ ST Segment Depression
      1> Digitalis Intoxication
      2> Positive Master's Test; °ü»óµ¿¸ÆÁúȯÀÌ ÀǽɵǴ ȯÀÚ°¡ ¿îµ¿ÇÏ´Â °Í
      3> Anterior Wall Subendocardial Infarction
      4> Unstable Angina ¿¡ PainÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ½Ã; No Pain½Ã´Â ST Segment Normal
      5> Acute Posterior Wall Infarction
    11) T Wave; Ventricular Repolarization
    12) U Wave
      1> Ventricle ÀÇ Áö¿¬ Repolarization
      2> T Wave µÚ¿¡
      3> T Wave ¿Í °°Àº ¹æÇâ
      4> º¸ÀÌ´Â °æ¿ì; Hypokalemia, Quinidine
  4. Leads
    1) Limb Leads; Frontal Plane; Axis °áÁ¤
    @ Standard Lead; Bipolar Lead
      1> Lead I; RA(-) LA(+); Axis Deviation
      2> Lead II; RA(-) LF(+)
      3> Lead III; LA(-) LF(+)
    @ Augmented Lead; Unipolar Lead
      4> AVR; RA(+) LA, LF, RF(-); Normal Inverted T Wave, Normal Large Q Wave; Lead II¿Í ¹Ý´ë
      5> AVL; LA(+) RA, LF, RF(-)
      6> AVF; LF(+) RA, LA, RF(-); Axis Deviation
    2) Chest Leads(= Precordial Lead); Horizontal Plane; Unipolar Lead
    * ¿ìÃø ÈäºÎ À¯µµ(Right Chest Leads); Right BBB Check; Right Ventricle À§¿¡
      1> V1; 4th Intercostal Space, Right Sternal Border; Hypertrophy
      2> V2; 4th Intercostal Space, Left Sternal Border; AV Node ÀÇ Front
    * ½É½ÇÁß°ÝÀ§¿¡ À§Ä¡(Septal Lead; Áß°ÝÀ¯µµ); Interventricular SeptumÀ§¿¡
    ; Transitional Zone(ÀÌÇàºÎÀ§); QRS Complex ¿¡¼­ R Wave¿Í S WaveÀÇ ³ôÀ̰¡ °°¾ÆÁö´Â °÷
      3> V3; Between V2 & V4
      4> V4; 5th Intercostal Space, Left Midcalvicular Line
    * ÁÂÃø ÈäºÎ À¯µµ(Left Chest Leads); Left BBB; Left VentricleÀ§¿¡ ³õÀδÙ.
      5> V5; 5th Intercostal Space, Anterior Axillary Line
      6> V6; 5th Intercostal Space, Middle Axillary Line
  @ Einthoven's Triangle
    RA - LA - LF
  @ Einthoven's Law; QRS ComplexÀÇ »óÇÏ ÁøÆøÀÇ ÇÕ
    Lead II = Lead I + Lead III
  5. Rates; Normal; 80/min
    1) Pacemakers
      1> SA Node
      2> Ectopic(= Potential) Pacemaker; Inherent Rates
        i) Atrial(= Idioatrial); 75/min
        ii) AV node(= Idionodal); 60/min; P Wave°¡ ¾ø´Ù.
        iii) Ventricular(= Idioventricular); 30 - 40/min
    2) Emergency Rates; 150 - 250/min
    3) Sinus Tachycardia; > 100/min, Regular Rhythm
    4) Sinus Bradycardia; < 60/min, Regular Rhythm
    5) 300, 150, 100, 75, 60, 50
       250, 136,  94, 71
       214, 125,  88, 68
       187, 115,  83, 65
       167, 107,  79, 62
    6) 3 Second Marks; x 20
       6 Second Strips; x 10
  6. Rhythm
    1) Arrhythmia(Varying Rhythm)
      1> Sinus Arrhythmia
        i) °ü»óµ¿¸ÆÁúȯ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­
          Coronary Artery Disease
          Sick Sinus node Disease
        ii) Pacemaker; SA node
        iii) Varying rhythm
        iv) P Waves Identical; ¸ðµç P Wave´Â µ¿ÀÏ
      2> Wandering Pacemaker
        i) Varying rhythm
        ii) P Wave Shape Changes
    2) Extra Beats & Skips
      1> Premature Beats; ±â¿Ü¼öÃà
        = Premature Contractions(Á¶±â¼öÃà)
        = Extrasystoles
        = Ectopic Beats
        = Ectopic Contractions(À̼Ҽº¼öÃà)
      ; Ectopic Pacemaker¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýµÇ¾î ½É¹æÁֱ⺸´Ù Á¶±â¿¡ ÀϾ´Â ½ÉÀå¼öÃà
        i) Atrial Premature; Abnormal P Waves
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          ½ÉÀåÁֱ⺸´Ù »¡¸® ÀϾ´Ù.
          P Wave °¡ µ¿¼º P Wave¿Í´Â ´Ù¸£´Ù.
          Normal QRS Complex
        ii) Nodal Premature Contractions
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          ½ÉÀåÁֱ⺸´Ù »¡¸® ÀϾ´Ù.
          Á¤»ó PR Intervalº¸´Ù ªÀº PR IntervalÀ» °¡Áø P Wave°¡ QRS Complex¾Õ¿¡ ¿Â´Ù.
          or Inverted P Wave
          Normal QRS Complex
        --SAN
        --AVN
        iii) Ventricular Premature(= Paroxysmal Ventricular Contractions(PVC))
          Wide QRS Complex
          Large QRS Complex
          following Compensatory Pause
          1 or 2 ÀÌ»óÀÇ normal Beats¿Í coupled
            e.g) Bigeminy, Trigeminy, Quadrigeminy µîµî [P 94]
          ´ë°³ Á¤»ó T Wave ´ÙÀ½¿¡ »ý±ä´Ù. T Wave¿Í °ãÄ£´Ù¸é ±²ÀåÈ÷ ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÑ ¼ø°£À̸ç À§ÇèÇÑ ºÎÁ¤¸ÆÀÌ À¯¹ßµÉ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          ½ÉÀåÁֱ⺸´Ù »¡¸® ÀϾ´Ù.
          No Ectopic P Wave
          Wide(¡Ã 0.12 sec) QRS Complex
        iv) Parasystole
      2> Escape Beats(º¸Ãæ¼öÃà); Ectopic Pacemaker¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýµÇ¾î ½É¹æÁֱ⺸´Ù ´Ê°Ô ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¼öÃà
        i) Atrial Escape; P Wave ¸ð¾çÀÌ ´Ù¸£´Ù.
        ii) AV nodal(= Junctional, Idionodal) Escape
        ; 6°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬¼ÓµÇ´Â 40 - 60/min
        * ¿øÀÎ
          µ¿¼º ÀÚ±ØÀÌ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê°Å³ª
          ÀÚ±Ø Àüµµ Â÷´ÜÀÌ À־ µ¿¼º ÀÚ±ØÀÌ Àü´ÞµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Á¤»ó½ÉÀåÁֱ⺸´Ù ´Ê°Ô ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù.
          Á¤»ó QRS Complex
          No P Wave Response or Inverted P Wave°¡ QRS Complex¿¡ ¾Õ¼­°Å³ª µÚ¼­°Å³ª ¶Ç´Â ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê°Å³ª µ¿¼º P Wave°¡ ¼±ÇàÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì PR IntervalÀÌ Âª¾ÆÁø´Ù.
        * Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm
        ; 6°³ ÀÌ»ó ¿¬¼ÓÀ¸·Î ÀϾ´Â 40 - 100/minÀÇ ½É½Ç¼º±â¿Ü¼öÃà
        iii) Ventricular Escape Rhythm
        ; 6°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬¼ÓµÇ´Â ¡Â 40/minÀÇ ½É½Ç¼ºº¸Ãæ¼öÃà
          PVC type Ventricular Response
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Á¤»ó½ÉÀåÁֱ⺸´Ù ´Ê°Ô ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù.
          No Ectopic P Wave
          Wide QRS Complex
          ¡Â 40/min
        iv) Escape Rhythm;
      3> Sinus Arrest
      4> Sinus Exit Block
        i) Bradycardia
        ii) No P Waves
        iii) Tx; Permanent Artificial Pacemaker
    3) Rapid Rhythm
      1> (Paroxysmal) Tachycardia; 150 - 250/min
        i) Sinus Tachycardia
          ¿øÀÎ; ÈïºÐ, ¿îµ¿, ÀÚ±ØÁ¦(Stimulating Drug), Shock
        ii) (Paroxysmal) Atrial Tachycardia(= PAT); 6°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ APCs°¡ 140 - 220/min·Î ÀϾ´Â °æ¿ì
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÀÚ±ØÀº Á¶±â¿¡ ÀϾ´Ù.
          À̼Ҽº P Wave´Â µ¿¼º P Wave¿Í ´Ù¸£´Ù.
          Normal QRS Complex
          Regular PR Interval
          Ventricular rate; 140 - 220/min
        @ (Paroxysmal) Atrial Tachycardia with Block; Atrial Tachycardia°¡ ¡Â 180/min°¡ µÇ¸é ½É¹æÈïºÐÀÌ ¸ðµÎ AVN°ú Ventricle¿¡ Àü´ÞµÇ³ª ±× ÀÌ»óÀÌ µÇ´Â °æ¿ì ¼±ÇàÇÏ´Â ÈïºÐ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹æ½Ç°áÀýÀÌ ºÒÀÀ±â°¡ µÇ¾î Ectopic P Wave°¡ AVNÀ» Áö³ªÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì
          ; 6°³ ÀÌ»óÀÌ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ APCs
          ¿øÀÎ; Digitalis Áßµ¶½Ã
          P Wave Small, Spiked & Up in Lead II & III
          ST Segment Isoelectric
          °¢ QRS Complex¿¡ ´ëÇØ Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ P Wave
        @ Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia(Chaotic Atrial Rhythm)
        ; Atria¿¡ 2°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ Ectopic Pacemaker
          Rate; 100 - 200/min
          Abnormal P Wave
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Á¶±â¿¡ Multiple Ectopic P Wave
          Irregular PR Interval
          Blocked P Wave
          Normal QRS Complex
          Atrial Rate; 100 - 200/min
        iii) (Paroxysmal) Nodal(= Junctional) Tachycardia(= PNT)
        @ Junctional Tachycardia
        ; 6°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ Á¢Çպμº±â¿Ü¼öÃàÀÌ ºü¸£°Ô ¿¬¼ÓµÇ¾î ÀϾ´Â °æ¿ì
          Rate; 60 - 160/min
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Inverted P Wave°¡ QRS Complex¿¡ ¼±ÇàµÇ°Å³ª ±× Á÷ÈÄ¿¡ ÀϾ°Å³ª ¶Ç´Â No P Wave
          Normal QRS Complex
          Rate; 60 - 160/min
        @ Junctional Accelerated Tachycardia; Rate; 160 - 220/min
        iv) (Paroxysmal) Ventricular Tachycardia; 4(or 6)°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ PVC
          coronary artery disease ½Ã¿¡
          DDx; Bundle Branch Block + Supraventricular Tachycardia
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          ÃÖÃÊ ½É¹ÚÀº Ãʱ⿡ ÀϾ´Ù.
          No Ectopic P Wave
          Wide QRS Complex
          Rate; 100 - 250/min
        v) Supraventricular Tachycardia
           PAT & PNT
      2> Flutter
      @ Atrial Flutter(½É¹æÁ¶µ¿)
        i) Single Ectopic Atrial Focus
        ii) 250 - 300/min or 220 - 350/min
        iii) ²¨²Ù·Î µ¹·Áº¸¸é ´õ¿í ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¸ð¾çÀÌ µÈ´Ù
        iv) F Wave(Flutter Wave; Á¶µ¿ÆÄ); Saw-Tooth Baseline
        v) Varying Rhythm
        vi) No real P Waves but,
           Multiple Ectopic Atrial Spikes
        vii) Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          F Wave; 220 - 350/min
          ½É½ÇÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀ
            ÀüµµÀ²ÀÌ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ °æ¿ì; Regular
            ÀüµµÀ²ÀÌ º¯È­ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì; Irregular
          Normal QRS Complex
      @ Ventricular Flutter
        i) 200 - 300/min or 150 - 300/min
        ii) Smooth Sine Curve; QRS Complex
        iii) Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          No Atrial Response; No P Wave
          No ST Segment, No T Wave
          Rate; 150 - 300/min
      3> Fibrillation
      @ Atrial Fibrillation
        i) Multiple Ectopic Atrial Foci
        ii) f Wave(¼­µ¿ÆÄ); ³Ê¹« »¡¶ó ÃøÁ¤ÀÌ °ï¶õÇÏ´Ù.
        --°ÅÄ£ °Í
        --°¡´À´Ù¶õ °Í
        iii) Rate; 350 - 650/min
        iv) Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          f Wave; 350 - 650/min
          ½É½ÇÀÇ ÈïºÐ; Irregular, Irregular PR Interval
          Normal QRS Complex
      @ Ventricular Fibrillation
        i) ü¼øÈ¯À¸·ÎÀÇ Ç÷¾× ±¸ÃàÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù; Á¦ÀÏ ÀÀ±Þ »óÅÂ
        ii) Multiple Ectopic Ventricular Foci
        iii) Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          No Atrial Response; No P Wave
          No QRS Complex
          Irregular Rhythm; 150 - 500/min
    4) Heart Blocks
      1> SA Block; Block ÀÌÀü°ú ÀÌÈÄÀÇ P Wave°¡ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù.
        i) 2o Degree Wenckebach Type
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Progressively Shorter PR Interval & Absent QRS Complex
          ½É½ÇÈÞÁö±â´Â PR IntervalÀÇ 2¹è ÀÌÇÏ
          ½É½ÇÈÞÁö±â¿¡´Â P-QRS-T Wave°¡ ¾øÀ» °Í
        ii) 2o Mobitz Type
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Regular PP Interval
          ½É½ÇÈÞÁö±â´Â PR IntervalÀÇ 2¹è ¶Ç´Â ±× ÀÌ»óÀÇ Á¤¼ö¹è
          ½É½ÇÈÞÁö±â¿¡´Â P-QRS-T Wave°¡ ¾øÀ» °Í
      2> AV Block
        PR IntervalÀÌ ±æ¾îÁø´Ù. > 0.2 sec
        i) First Degree(1o) AV Block
          PR Interval ¡Ã 0.2 sec
          Normal P-QRS-T wave Sequence
        ii) Second Degree(2o) AV Block
          2 : 1 AV Block; QRS Complex ÀÌÀü¿¡ 2°³ÀÇ P Wave
          3 : 1 AV Block;  QRS Complex ÀÌÀü¿¡ 3°³ÀÇ P Wave
        @ High Grade AV Block
        ; 2°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬¼ÓÀûÀÎ P Wave°¡ ½É½Ç·Î Àü´ÞµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¶§
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Regualr PR Interval
          ½É½Ç·Î Àü´ÞµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â 2°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬¼ÓÀûÀÎ P Wave
          ½É¹æ¼¼µ¿ ¶Ç´Â Á¶µ¿ÀÌ ÀÖÀ»¶§¿¡´Â ¿À·£ ÈÞÁö±â°£À» º¸ÀÌ´Â °Í
        @ Wenckebach Type(Mobitz Type I)
        * Áø´Ü±âÁØ
          Progressively Longer PR Interval & Absent QRS Complex
          Progressively Shorter RR Interval & Absent QRS Complex
          Regular PP Interval
        @  Mobitz Type II
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Regular PR Interval &
          Sometimes Absent QRS Complex
        iii) Third Degree(3o)(Complete) AV Block(= AV Dissociation)(Mobitz Type III)
        ; P Wave°¡ QRS Complex°¡ º°°³·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù.(¿¬°ü¼ºÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.)
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          No Relationship P Wave with QRS Complex
          Atrium°ú Ventricle»çÀÌ¿¡ Àüµµ°¡ ¾ø´Ù.
          Atrium; Sinus or Supraventricular Rhythm
          Ventricle; Junctional or Ventricular Escape Rhythm
          Atrial FibrillationÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é Junctional or Ventricular Escape Rhythm¶§¹®¿¡ ½É½Ç¹Úµ¿¼ö°¡ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô ´À²¸Áø´Ù.
        @ Stokes-Adams Syndrome; 3rd Degree(3o) AV Block ¿¡¼­ ½É½ÇÀÇ ¼öÃàÀÌ ³Ê¹« ´À·Á¼­ ³ú·Î°¡´Â Ç÷¾×ÀÇ À¯·®ÀÌ °¨¼ÒÇÏ¿© ÀǽÄÀ» ÀҰԵǴ °æ¿ì
      3> Bundle Branch Block; Á¸Àç½Ã¿¡´Â QRS Vector ¿Í Ventricular Hypertrophy¸¦ Áø´ÜÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
        Wide QRS Complex(»çÁöÀ¯µµ¿¡¼­) ¡Ã 0.12 sec
        R-R' Configuration(Á¿ìÈäºÎÀ¯µµ¿¡¼­)
        i) Right Bundle Branch Block(RBBB); Lead I, V1-2
          RVH¸¦ Áø´ÜÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
          Wide QRS Complex; > 0.12 sec
          Inverted T Wave
          ST Segment Depression
          V1,2; RsR'
          Lead I; QRS Complex, Large S Wave
        ii) Left Bundle Branch Block(LBBB); Lead I, aVL, V1, V5, V6
          LVH¸¦ Áø´ÜÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
          Wide QRS Complex; > 0.12 sec
          Inverted T Wave
          ST Segment Depression
          V5,6; RR'; EKG »ó¿¡¼­ InfarctionÀ» Á¤È®È÷ Áø´ÜÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
          Lead I, aVL, V5-6; No Normal Septal Q Wave
          V1; qrS Wave
    @ Hemiblock; Left Bundle BranchÀÇ Anterior or Posterior Division ÀÇ Block
      1) Anterior Hemoblock
        Anterior Division of Left BB ÀÇ block
        1/2 of Anterior Infarction
        i) LAD; < -40o; without Inferior Wall Infarction
        ii) slighted Widened QRS Complex; 0.1 - 0.12 sec
        iii) Q1S3; Lead I; Q Wave
                 Lead III; Wide Deep S Wave
        iv) with LVH; aVL; Large R Wave ¡Ã 16 mm
      2) Posterior Hemiblock
        i) RAD; > 120o; without RVH
        ii) Normal or Slightly Widened QRS Complex
        iii) S1Q3; Lead I; Wide S Wave
                  Lead III; Q Wave
      3) Bifascicular Blocks
        i) RBBB + Anterior Hemiblock
          LAD < - 40o
          Wide QRS Complex ¡Ã 0.12 sec
          Lead I; Wide S Wave
          V1; Positive QRS Complex
        ii) RBBB + Posterior Hemiblock
          RAD ¡Ã 120o
          Wide QRS Complex ¡Ã 0.12 sec
          Lead I; Wide S Wave
          V1; Positive QRS Complex
        iii) RBBB or LBBB & 1o AV block(PR Interval ¡Ã 0.2 sec)
          RBBB + PR Interval ¡Ã 0.2 sec
            Wide QRS Complex ¡Ã 0.12 sec
            Lead I; Wide S Wave
            V1; Positive QRS Complex
          LBBB + PR Interval ¡Ã 0.2 sec
            Wide QRS Complex ¡Ã 0.12 sec
            No Septal Q Wave; Lead I, aVL, V5-6
            V1; Negative QRS Complex
        iv) Alternating RBBB or variable LBBB;
          Anterior Hemiblock + Posterior Hemiblock(= LBBB)
      4) Intermittent Blocks; with at least one normal, non-blocked fascicle
        i) RBBB + Anterior Hemiblock + Intermittent Posterior Hemiblock
        ii) RBBB + Posterior Hemiblock + Intermittent Anterior Hemiblock
        iii) Anterior Hemiblock + Posterior Hemiblock(= LBBB) + Intermittent RBBB
        iv) RBBB + Intermittent LBBB
      Intermittent Blocks of one fascicle; continuous EKG pattern of normal with intermittent signs of block
      Intermittent Blocks of two fascicles; intermittent EKG signs of both blocks
      Intermittent Blocks; one intermittent + one permanant Block; continous EKG pattern of one block & intermittent signs of another Block
      5) Mobitz II; Ventricular non-conduction
      4> Aberrant Conduction; º¯Çü QRS Complex
      ; µÎ ½É½Ç »çÀÌ¿¡ ºÒÀÀ±âÀÇ Â÷À̰¡ À־ ¾à°£ÀÇ Àüµµ Áö¿¬ÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì
      Wide QRS Complex
        i) ¿øÀÎ
          ¼±ÇàÀÚ±ØÁ÷ÈÄÀÇ APCs or JPCs
          Aschman Phenomenon; Atrial Fibrillation½Ã¿¡
          ; Long RR IntervalÈÄ Short RR IntervalÀÌÈÄÀÇ º¯Çü QRS Complex
        ii) Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          APCs with Aberrant Conduction; Premature Ectopic P Wave°¡ Wide Aberrant QRS Complex¿¡ ¼±Çà
          JPCs with Aberrant Conduction; Premature Inverted P Wave°¡ Wide Aberrant QRS ComplexÁ÷Àü ¶Ç´Â Á÷ÈÄ¿¡
          Atrial Fibrillation with with Aberrant Conduction; Long RR IntervalÈÄ Short RR IntervalÀÌÈÄÀÇ Wide Aberrant QRS Complex
      @ Critical Rate; ¾î¶² ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ºü¸¥ ¼Óµµ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇßÀ» ¶§¸¸ °¢ ºí·°ÀÌ »ý±â´Â °æ¿ì
      @ Incomplete BBB
        Normal QRS Complex
        R-R' Configuration
      @ Wolff-Parkinson-White(WPW) Syndrome
        Accessory Pathway(Bundle of Kent)
        Delta Wave
        --Positive
        --Negative
        ; Accessory Pathway ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ½É½ÇÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇϴµ¥ °É¸®´Â Á¤»óÀû Áö¿¬ÀÌ Âª¾ÆÁ® À¯¹ßµÈ Premature Ventricular Depolarization(Á¶±â ½É½Ç Å»ºÐ±Ø)
        * Áø´Ü ±âÁØ
          Short PR Interval
          Wide Irregular QRS Complex
          Delta Wave
          Sometimes Supraventricular Tachycardia
  7. Axis
    1) Vector
      Left Ventricle > Right Ventricle
      Septum; Left > Right
    2) Mean QRS Complex Vector
      ±â½ÃºÎ; AV node
      Downward & to Left & Posterior
      Normal Range; 0 - +90o, 0 - +110o
      Ventricle Hypertrophy; °°Àº ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î Deviation
      Cardiac Infarction; ¹Ý´ë ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î Deviation
    3) Right Axis Deviation(RAD); +110o - ¡¾ 180o
      URQ + ULQ
      Lead I; QRS Complex Negative
      * RADÀÇ ¿øÀÎ
        1) ¸¶¸¥ üÇü
        2) ¿ì½É½Ç ºñ´ë
        3) ÆóÁúȯ
    4) Extreme Right Axis Deviation; URQ
    5) Left Axis Deviation(LAD); - 30o - - 90o
      ULQ
      1> Lead I
      2> AVF
      * LADÀÇ ¿øÀÎ
        1) Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
        2) Horizontal Heart
        3) Inferior Infarction
        4) Anterior Hemiblock
        5) Anterior Hemiblock + RBBB
  8. Hypertrophy
    1) Atrial Hypertrophy
      ¿øÀÎ; Mitral Stenosis
      V1; Diphasic P Wave
      1> Right Atrial Hypertrophy;
        V1 P WaveÀÇ Large Initial Component
        Lead II; P Wave Height ¡Ã 2.5 mm
      2> Left Atrial Hypertrophy; V1 P WaveÀÇ Large Terminal Component, Depth ¡Ã
      3> Both Atrial Hypertrophy; RAH + LAH
    2) Ventricular Hypertrophy
      1> Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
        i) V1; Large R Wave & small S Wave
        ii) RAD
        iii) V6; Deep S Wave
        iv) V1 R Wave + V6 S Wave ¡Ã 11 mm
        vi) Right Chest Lead
          ST Segment Depression
          Asymmetric Inverted T wave
      2> Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
        i) Large QRS Complex
        ii) LAD
        iii) V1; Large S Wave + V5; Large R Wave ¡Ã 35 mm
        iv) I, aVL, V5-6; Large R Wave
           V1-2; Large S Wave
        vi) V5 or V6 R Wave ¡Ã 27 mm
        vii) aVL R Wave ¡Ã 11 mm
        v) Left Chest Leads(V5,6); ¿øÀÎ ºÒ¸í
          Inverted Asymmetric T Wave(Long Gradual, Rapid)
          ST Segment Depression
      3> Both Ventricular Hypertrophy
  9. Infarction
    @ 3¡®I¡¯s or Triad of Acute Myocardial Infarction(±Þ¼º ½É±Ù °æ»ö)
    1) Ischemia; ÇãÇ÷; Reversible
      1> Inverted Symmetric T Wave; 1st
      2> ST Segment Depression
    2) Injury; ¼Õ»ó; Reversible
      1> ST Segment Elevation; 2nd; means Acute or Recent
      2> ST Segment Normal; Chronic
    3) Infarction; °æ»ö; Q Wave; 3rd
      Abnormal Q Wave
        1> Width ¡Ã 0.04 sec
        2> Height ¡Ã 1/3 of R Wave
      Septal Q Wave; Normal
        Lead I, aVL, V5-6
    @ Pericarditis
      ST Segment Elevation
      T Wave; Normal
    @ Ventricular Aneurysm
      ST Segment Elevation(Irreversible)
    @ Types of Infarction
      1> Anterior Wall Infarction; LCAÀÇ AD Branch
        i) V1-4 or V2-6; Q Wave
        ii) Acute; V1-2; Q Wave or ST Segment Elevation
      * Anterior Wall Septal Infarction
        V1,2¿¡¸¸; Q Wave or
        V1-2; poor R Wave Progression
      2> Lateral Wall Infarction; Left Coronary Artery ÀÇ Circumflex Branch
        I, AVL, V5-6; Q Wave
      3> Inferior(= Diaphragmatic) Wall Infarction
        II, III, AVF; Q Wave
      4> Posterior Wall Infarction; Anterior Wall Infarction °ú´Â Á¤È®È÷ ¹Ý´ë°¡ µÈ´Ù.
        V2-4R; Q Wave
        Acute; V1-3; ST Segment Depression
                     Large R Wave
               V6; Q Wave
               ArrhythmiaÀß µ¿¹Ý; Dangerous
      5> Right Ventricle
        V1,2; Q Wave
  10. Miscellaneous
    1) Pulmonary Disease
      1> Emphysema
        i) Low Voltage
        ii) RAD
      2> Pulmonary Infarction
        i) Lead I; Large S Wave
        ii) Lead II; ST Segment Depression
        iii) Lead III; Large Q Wave
        iv) V1-4; Inverted T Wave
        v) Transient RBBB
      3> S1Q3 Syndrome; Pulmonary Infarction ÀÇ °á°ú·Î ¿À´Â ±Þ¼º Æó¼º½É(Acute Cor Pulmonale)
        i) Lead I; Large S Wave
        ii) Lead III; Q Wave
    2) Electrolytes Disturbances; ST Segment Abnormality
      1> Potassium(K+)
        i) Hyperkalemia
        Moderate
          Wide Flat P Wave
          Wide QRS Complex
          Peaked T Wave
        Extreme
          No P Wave
          Widened QRS Complex
        ii) Hypokalemia; ST Segmrnt Depression
        Moderate
          Flat T Wave
          U Wave
        Extreme
          Inverted T Wave
          Prominent U Wave
      2> Calcium(Ca2+)
        i) Hypercalcemia;
          Short ST Segment
          Short QT Interval
        ii) Hypocalcemia;
          Widened ST Segment
          Prolonged QT Interval
    3) Patterns
      1> Ventricular Strain
        Waxy Depressed ST Segment; À§·Î Ä¿ºê¸¦ ±×¸®¸ç ST ºÐÀý Áß°£¿¡¼­ Á¡Á¡ À§·Î ±Á¾îÁø´Ù.
        i) Right Ventricular Strain
        ii) Left Ventricular Strain
      2> Artificial Pacemaker; Electrical SpikesÁ÷ÈÄ¿¡ Ventricular Response
        i) Transverse Pacemaker(= Right Ventricular Pacemaker); °¡Àå ³Î¸® »ç¿ë
          All have LBBB pattern QRS
          If LAD; Pacemaker in Apex of Right Ventricle; °¡Àå ÀÌ»óÀûÀÎ À§Ä¡
          If Normal Axis; Pacemaker in Right Ventricular Mid-Outflow Tract
          If RAD; Pacemaker in Right Ventricle, below pulmonic Valves
        ii) Epicardiac Pacemaker(= Left Ventricular Pacemaker)
          RBBB ÇüÅÂÀÇ QRS
          RAD
        iii) Demand Pacemaker
        iv) Atrial Pacemaker
        v) P Wave Triggered Pacemaker(= Atrial Synchronous Pacemaker)
        vi) Sequential AV Pacemaker
      3> Subendocardial Infarction; Flat ST Segment Depression
      4> Pericarditis
        i) QRS ComplexÀÇ ÇÕÀÌ À½¼ºÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â À¯µµ(´ë°³ ¿ìÃøÈäºÎÀ¯µµ)
          Flat or Concave Elevated ST Segment - Inverted T Wave
        ii) QRS ComplexÀÇ ÇÕÀÌ ¾ç¼ºÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â À¯µµ(À¯µµ I, II µî)
          Elevated ST Segment & T Wave Off Baseline
      5> Early Repolarization; Normal Variant
        i) Left Chest Lead; V4-6
        ii) Elevated ST Segment
      6> Dextrocardia; Lead I, aVR, V1-6
        i) Lead I; Inverted QRS Complex(or P Wave, T Wave); Negative
        ii) V1; Highest R Wave
           V6; Smallest R Wave
        iii) aVR; Inverted QRS Complex(or P Wave, T Wave); Positive
      7> Pediatric ECG; ´ë·« 1³âÈÄ ¼ºÀÎ ECG¿Í À¯»çÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
        i) RVH
        ii) RAD
        iii) V1-3; Inverted T Wave
    4) Drugs
      1> Digitalis; Lead I, V5-6
        i) Excess Digitalis; Hypokalemia¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Exaggerated µÈ´Ù.
          SA Block
          PAT with Block
          AV Block
          Tachycardia with AV Dissociation
          Scooping(±¹ÀÚ¸ð¾ç) ST Segment
          Flat or Inverted T Wave
        ii) Digitalis Toxicity
          PVC
          Bigeminy, Trigeminy etc
          Ventricular Tachycardia
          Ventricular Fibrillation
      2> Quinidine; ½É±ÙÀ¸·Î ÅëÇÏ´Â Àü±âÀüµµ(Electrical Conduction)¸¦ ´À¸®°Ô ÇÔ
        ½É½ÇÀÇ ÀçºÐ±Ø ½Ã°£ÀÌ ±æ¾îÁø´Ù.
        i) Quinidine Effects
          Wide, Notched P Wave
          Wide QRS Complex
          ST Depression
          Wide QT Interval
          U Wave
        ii) Quinidine Toxicity; Roller Coaster Patterns
ECG electrocardiogram, electrocardiography
ECGF endothelial cell growth factor
ECGS endothelial cell growth supplement
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  = ECG
LT-ECG long-term electrocardiography
V1 TP V6 ventral 1 to ventral 6 [chest leads in ECG]
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ECG Electrocardiogram
ECG Electrocardiographic
ECG Electrocardiographically
ECG epicatechin gallate
eCG Equine CG
eCG Equine chorionic gonadotrophin
ECGF Endothelial Cell Growth Factor
ECGS Endothelial Cell Growth Supplement
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ECG <cardiology, investigation> An recording of the electrical activity of the heart on a moving strip of paper. The electrocardiogram detects and records the electrical potential of the heart during contraction.
Acronym: ECG
(13 Nov 1997)
ECG lead An electrocardiographic cable with connections within the electronics of the machine designated for an electrode placed at a particular point on the body surface.
(05 Mar 2000)
ecgonine <chemistry> A colourless, crystalline, nitrogenous base, obtained by the decomposition of cocaine.
Origin: Gr. 'ekgonos sprung from.
Source: Websters Dictionary
(01 Mar 1998)
ecgonine benzoate A metabolite of cocaine produced by hydrolysis; it can be found in the urine.
Synonym: benzoate, ecgonine benzoate.
(05 Mar 2000)
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ECG electrocardiogram: a graphical recording of the cardiac cycle produced by an electrocardiograph
Ãâó: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
ECG Test that records the electric current produced by the contraction of the heart muscle.
Ãâó: www.stjude.org/leukemia/0,2530,422_2049_4332,00.ht...
ECG an electrocardiogram, which is a record of the electrical impulses that trigger the heartbeat; used to diagnose heart disorders
Ãâó: www.american-depot.com/services/resources_gl_e.asp
ECG (Abbr) Electro-Cardio-Gram
Ãâó: www.gastrolab.net/dictee.htm
ECG a test that records the heart's electrical activity using electrodes attached to the surface of the chest. In severe aortic regurgitation, the EKG may show abnormal electrical activity.
Ãâó: www.womenandinfants.com/body.cfm
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    electrocardiogram
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ECG a graphical recording of the cardiac cycle produced by an electrocardiograph
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