| 영문 | adverse effect | 한글 | 역효과, 유해효과 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 약물에 의한 치료를 할 때 나타나는 치료목적에 부합되지 않는 불쾌한 작용, 즉 부작용을 역효과로 표현하는 경우가 있다. 세계보건기구(WHO)에서는 역효과란 “예방, 진단, 치료의 목적으로 사람에게 상용량의 약을 사용하였을 때 발현하는 장애로, 의도하지 않은 작용”이라고 정의하고 있다. 약물에 의한 치료를 할 때, 특히 주목하여야 할 일반적인 역효과로서 약물알레르기, 조혈장기 장애, 간-콩팥의 장애, 물질 대사 장애 등이 있다. 이 외에 임산부에게 투여하여 발생한 기형발생, 마약, 각성제, 기타 향정신제에 의한 의존성 형성도 중요하다. |
||
| 영문 | Cushing's syndrome | 한글 | 쿠싱증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 쿠싱증후군이란 글루코코르티코이드가 만성적으로 과잉분비에 의해서 일어나는 병을 말한다. 원인으로 ① 뇌하수체에서 ACTH가 과잉 분비되는 경우: 뇌하수체에서 ACTH가 너무나 많이 분비되는 경우에 부신겉질을 자극해서 많은 양의 글루코코르티코이드가 분비된다. ② 뇌하수체 이외의 부분에서 ACTH가 많이 분비되는 경우: 폐암, 난소암 등의 종양에서 ACTH를 생산하는 경우가 있다. 이 경우에도 역시 부신피질이 자극이 되어서 많은 양의 글루코코르티코이드가 분비된다. ③ ACTH의 자극이 없이 부신에서 많은 양의 글루코코르티코이드가 나오는 경우. ACTH자극에 관계없이 부신피질의 과잉성장, 종양에 의해서 많은 양의 글루코코르티코이드가 분비되는 경우. ④ 외인성, 의인성: 치료를 위해서 많은 양의 글루코코르티코이드를 장기 투여할 경우에 생기는 쿠싱증후군 쿠싱증후군에서 특히 ①번에 해당하는 것을 쿠싱병라고 한다. 증상은 뚱뚱하고 얼굴이 달덩이처럼 둥글고 살이 쪘지만 팔, 다리는 가늘고 대신에 몸에 많은 살이 붙어있다. 목뒤에 많은 살이 있어서 그것이 덩어리를 형성하기도 한다. 이것은 원래 글루코코르티코이드가 지방을 분해하는 역할을 하지만 병적으로 많이 나올 경우에는 지방의 분포를 변화시키는 역할을 하기 때문이다. 즉 팔, 다리 등의 온몸에 퍼져있는 지방을 몸통쪽으로 모두 이동시킨다. 잔털이 온몸에 걸쳐서 많이 나있고 여드름이 많고 배에 자주색 선조가 있는 경우가 많다. 그리고 글루코코르티코이드가 단백질을 분해해서 당류를 만드는 역할을 하여 근육이나 뼈대의 심한 소실이 있다. 그래서 근육이 거의 없어지고 뼈는 아주 부러지기 쉽게 된다. 대개 고혈압인 경우가 많고 심리적으로 우울증이나 과민성 등이 있을 수도 있고 심한 경우에는 정신병증세를 보이기도 한다. |
||
| CS | calf serum; campomelic syndrome; carcinoid syndrome; cardiogenic shock; caries-susceptible; carotid ... |
|---|---|
| DIT | Diet Induced Thermogenesis = Thermic Effect of Food = Specific Dynami... |
| EAE | Early Asthmatic Effect |
| LAE | 1) Late Asthmatic Effect 2) Left Atrial Enlargement |
| SE | Side Effect |
| CD | Cushing disease |
|---|---|
| CS | Cushing syndrome |
| ADE | Alcohol deprivation effect |
| AEF | Allogeneic effect factors |
| CRE | Cumulative Radiation Effect |
| Cushing effect | A rise in systemic blood pressure when the intracranial pressure acutely increases, usually in excess of 50% of the systolic arterial pressure. Synonym: Cushing effect, Cushing response. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| cushing disease | <radiology> CNS disease resulting in Cushing syndrome, pituitary: corticotrophic adenoma, hypothalamic abnormality (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| Cushing, Harvey | <person> This leader of neurosurgery was born in Cleveland, Ohio, graduated from Harvard in 1895, remained at Massachusetts General Hospital for one year, spent 15 years at Johns Hopkins, returned to Harvard as Professor of Surgery, and retired in new Haven where he continued actively until his death. Cushing's accomplishments in neurosurgery were amazing. In 1906, he demonstrated the relationship between pituitary tumours and sexual infantilism. In 1917, he published a classic, "The Pituitary Body and Its Disorders." Cushing wrote many charming essays, some of which were published as a collection under the title, "Consecratio Medici" in 1928. He was an earnest collector of books and bequeathed his valuable collection to the Yale Library. Among his many publications were a Biography of 0sler, and a Biography of Andreas Vesalius. Lived: 1869-1939. (15 Nov 1997) |
| Cushing, Hayward | <person> U.S. Surgeon, 1854-1934. See: Cushing's suture. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cushing phenomenon | A rise in systemic blood pressure when the intracranial pressure acutely increases, usually in excess of 50% of the systolic arterial pressure. Synonym: Cushing effect, Cushing response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cushing response | A rise in systemic blood pressure when the intracranial pressure acutely increases, usually in excess of 50% of the systolic arterial pressure. Synonym: Cushing effect, Cushing response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cushing's basophilism | <endocrinology, syndrome> An increased concentration of glucocorticoid hormone (ACTH) in the bloodstream that is being produced by an adrenal gland tumour (adenoma). Ectopic Cushing syndrome refers to the production of ACTH in a location other than the pituitary gland or adrenal gland. Examples of ectopic sites include thymoma, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, pheochromocytoma, islet cell tumours of the pancreas and oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Symptoms include weight gain, central obesity, moon face, weakness, fatigue, backache, headache, increased thirst, increased urination, impotence, mental status changes and muscle atrophy. Treatment varies with cause. If an ACTH secreting tumour is involved then it must be removed surgically. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Cushing's disease | <disease> An increased concentration of glucocorticoid hormone in the bloodstream (produced by the adrenal gland) secondary to a pituitary tumour that is secreting the hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH serves to stimulate the adrenal gland to produce excess glucocorticoids. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Cushing's pituitary basophilism | <disease> An increased concentration of glucocorticoid hormone in the bloodstream (produced by the adrenal gland) secondary to a pituitary tumour that is secreting the hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH serves to stimulate the adrenal gland to produce excess glucocorticoids. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Cushing's suture | A running horizontal mattress suture used to approximate two adjacent surfaces. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cushing's syndrome | <endocrinology, syndrome> An increased concentration of glucocorticoid hormone (ACTH) in the bloodstream that is being produced by an adrenal gland tumour (adenoma). Ectopic Cushing syndrome refers to the production of ACTH in a location other than the pituitary gland or adrenal gland. Examples of ectopic sites include thymoma, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, pheochromocytoma, islet cell tumours of the pancreas and oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Symptoms include weight gain, central obesity, moon face, weakness, fatigue, backache, headache, increased thirst, increased urination, impotence, mental status changes and muscle atrophy. Treatment varies with cause. If an ACTH secreting tumour is involved then it must be removed surgically. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Cushing's syndrome medicamentosus | A variable number of the signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome; produced by the chronic administration of large doses of any steroid that is a potent glucocorticoid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cushing syndrome | <radiology> Hyperplasia 70%, pituitary 90%, ectopic 10%, adrenal adenoma 20%, carcinoma 10% Findings: retarded bone maturation, osteoporosis (most often axial), excess callus formation, stippled calvarium, demineralised dorsum sellae, CT: normal-sized adrenals in 1/3 of adrenal hyperplasia (12 Dec 1998) |
| Harvey Cushing | <person> This leader of neurosurgery was born in Cleveland, Ohio, graduated from Harvard in 1895, remained at Massachusetts General Hospital for one year, spent 15 years at Johns Hopkins, returned to Harvard as Professor of Surgery, and retired in new Haven where he continued actively until his death. Cushing's accomplishments in neurosurgery were amazing. In 1906, he demonstrated the relationship between pituitary tumours and sexual infantilism. In 1917, he published a classic, "The Pituitary Body and Its Disorders." Cushing wrote many charming essays, some of which were published as a collection under the title, "Consecratio Medici" in 1928. He was an earnest collector of books and bequeathed his valuable collection to the Yale Library. Among his many publications were a Biography of 0sler, and a Biography of Andreas Vesalius. Lived: 1869-1939. (15 Nov 1997) |
| syndrome, cushing's | The constellation of symptoms and signs caused by an excess of cortisol hormone. Cushing syndrome is an extremely complex hormonal condition that involves many areas of the body. Common symptoms are thinning of the skin, weakness, weight gain, bruising, hypertension, diabetes, thin weak bones (osteoporosis), facial puffiness, and in women cessation of periods. Ironically, one of the commonest causes of cushing's syndrome is the administration of cortisol-like medications for the treatment of diverse diseases. All other cases of cushing's syndrome are due to excess production of cortisol by the adrenal gland including 1) an abnormal growth of the pituitary gland, which stimulates the adrenal gland, 2) a benign or malignant growth within the adrenal gland itself, which produces cortisol and 3) production within another part of the body (ectopic production) of a hormone that directly or indirectly stimulates the adrenal gland to make cortisol. Neurosurgeon harvey cushing (1869-1939) described hyperadrenocorticism (excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal gland) due quite specifically to an acth-secreting pituitary adenoma, a benign pituitary tumour that puts out acth (adrenocorticotropic hormone) which, in turn, drives (or overdrives) the adrenal gland to overproduce cortisol. (12 Dec 1998) |
| abscopal effect | A reaction produced following irradiation but occurring outside the zone of actual radiation absorption. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|