| Cochliomyia | A genus of fleshflies (family Calliphoridae) whose larvae develop in decaying flesh or carrion or in wounds or sores. Cochliomyia americana, incorrect name for Cochliomyia hominivorax. Cochliomyia hominivorax, the screw-worm fly, a species that is a serious pest of livestock from Mexico to Argentina and is the primary cause of myiasis in the western hemisphere; attracted by fresh blood, it deposits eggs on wounds, tick bites, or intact moist areas of the body, and the larvae invade living tissues, causing severe myiasis and often death; it is known to attack man, especially in the nose, although wounds, eyes, and other body openings have also been attacked. Cochliomyia macellaria, the secondary screw-worm fly, a species attracted to decaying flesh (formerly used as surgical maggots); primarily a scavenger, but not implicated in primary myiasis as is Cochliomyia hominivorax, though it may be a secondary wound invader in domestic animals in the Americas. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| leishmaniasis americana | A grave disease caused by Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis, endemic in southern Mexico and Central and South America, except for the equatorial region of Chile; the organism does not invade the viscera, and the disease is limited to the skin and mucous membranes, the lesions resembling the sores of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. Mexicana or L. Tropica; the chancrous sores heal after a time, but some months or years later, fungating and eroding forms of ulceration may appear on the tongue and buccal or nasal mucosa; many variants of the disease exist, marked by differences in distribution, vector, epidemiology, and pathology, which suggest that it may in fact be caused by a number of closely related aetiological agents. See: espundia. Synonym: American leishmaniasis, leishmaniasis americana, nasopharyngeal leishmaniasis, New World leishmaniasis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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