| 영문 | funnel breast | 한글 | 오목가슴, 누두흉 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 앞가슴의 중앙부가 깔대기 모양으로 함몰되어 있는 것. 대부분 유전성으로 심한 경우에는 심장이나 허파에 장애를 일으킨다. 인구 300~400명의 신생아 중 1명이 이 질환에 걸릴 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 보통 이 증상을 갖고 있는 사람은 마른체형이고 척추후만 등 자세의 이상을 동반하는 경우가 많다. 보통 신생아기, 영아기 등 어려서부터 알게 되며, 기형적인 모습 때문에 학교생활이나 사회생활을 할 때 지장을 받을 수도 있다. 남자에게 많이 발생하고, 상기도폐색-기관지연화증과 관련되어 생길 수도 있다. 보통의 경우 증상이 없지만, 심한 경우 심폐기능의 장애로 인해 운동할 때 숨이 차고, 반복되는 감기증상이 있을 수 있다. 승모판 탈출, 조기흥분증후군이 나타나는 경우도 있다. |
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| 영문 | fibrocystic disease of breast | 한글 | 유방 섬유낭병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 젖을 생산하는 젖샘내에 완두콩 또는 큰콩 크기의 결절이 발생하는 증세를 특징으로 하는 병. 30~50대의 부인에게 흔히 발생하며, 그 대부분은 양쪽 유방에 동시에 발생한다. 이러한 결절은 두 손가락 사이에 끼워 촉진할 때는 분명하지만, 흉벽을 손바닥으로 누르면 명료하지 않을 정도로 부드러운 것이 많다. 그 발생 원인에는 여러 가지 설이 많은데, 젖샘조직에 대한 만성적인 자극이 주원인이라 생각되고 있으며, 극히 서서히 진행하는 경과를 밟는다. 진단은 촉진, 초음파진단 등으로 하며, 암과 감별이 곤란할 때는 조직의 일부를 채취하여 검사하는 생검이 이용되기도 한다. |
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| 영문 | breast cancer | 한글 | 유방암 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유방은 지방조직과 본래의 목적인 젓을 생산하는 샘조직, 그리고 이 샘조직에서 생산한 젓을 밖에까지 내보내는 관조직, 그리고 이 샘조직과 관조직의 주위를 둘러싸고 있으면서 이것들의 모양을 유지해주는 간질로 이루어진다. 유방암이란 샘조직과 관조직에서 기원하는 종양을 말한다. 유방암을 발생시킬 수 있는 위험인자는 여러 가지가 밝혀져 있다. 그중에서 대표적인 것은 다음과 같다. 1.유전적 요인－가족 중에서 유방암에 걸린 사람이 있으면 유방암의 발생확률이 아주 높아진다. 2.에스트로겐에 장기적으로 많이 폭로되는 경우－에스트로겐은 여성호르몬으로 여성에서 정상적으로 생리의 주기에 따라 증감을 되풀이한다. 이 에스트로겐은 유방의 젖샘조직과 관조직의 증식과 성장에 관계한다. 그리고 이 에스트로겐에 많이 폭로되는 사람은 유방암의 확률이 높다. 외부에서 에스트로겐의 제제를 치료목적으로 투여할 경우에 유방암의 발생확률은 정상인에서 보다 현저하게 높아진다. 그리고 아이를 낳지 않고 평생을 사는 여자의 경우에 임신을 하고 아이를 낳은 여자에 비해서 에스트로겐에 많이 폭로가 되므로(임신시에는 비임신시보다 에스트로겐에 적게 폭로가 된다)유방암의 확률이 높다. 3.환경적 요인－지방질 섭취의 증가, 술의 섭취 등은 유방암의 확률을 높인다. 유방암의 증상으로 가장 많은 것은 아프지 않은 유방의 덩어리이다. 그리고 유두에서 분비물이 나오거나, 유방의 피부변화 등이 유방암의 흔한 증상이다. 치료는 유방의 절제술이 가장 효과적인 치료법으로 되어있다. 그리고 이것에 더하여 방사선 치료나 항암제요법도 효과가 있는 것으로 되어있다. 또 에스트로겐의 과잉과 관계가 있는 종양일 경우에는 에스트로겐의 효과를 차단하는 약물도 효과가 있다. |
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| DC | daily census; data communication; data conversion; decrease; deep compartment; Dental Corps; deoxych... |
|---|---|
| MBC | male breast cancer; maximal bladder capacity; maximal breathing capacity; metastatic breast cancer; ... |
| CEA | Carcino-Embryonic Antigen [HP 1825-6] ; Oncofetal Antigens ; Glycopro... |
| CMV | 1) Cyto-Megalo-Virus Presents 1. M... |
| AD | accident dispensary; acetate dialysis; active disease; acute dermatomyositis; addict, addiction; ade... |
| EOD | Electric Organ Discharge |
|---|---|
| NHDS | National Hospital Discharge Survey |
| PLED | periodic lateralized epileptiform discharge |
| RFGD | Radio Frequency Glow Discharge |
| SR | Spontaneous discharge rate |
cortical evoked potential (피질 유발 전위
| vaginal discharge | A common gynecologic disorder characterised by an abnormal, nonbloody discharge from the genital tract. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| patient discharge | The administrative process of discharging the patient, live or dead, from hospitals or other health facilities. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glow discharge | <radiobiology> Low-density, low-temperature plasma discharge (such as in a fluorescent light) which, well, glows. Sputtering in glow discharges is useful in plasma processing of materials. The voltage applied to the plasma must be greater than the ionisation potential of the gas used, most of the plasma voltage drop is near the cathode, where the majority of ionisation occurs. Discharge is sustained by secondary electrons emitted when ions or recombination radiation impact on the cathode, electrons are accelerated away from the cathode and ionize neutral gas in the discharge. (09 Oct 1997) |
| discharge | 1. To relieve of a charge, load, or burden; to empty of a load or cargo; to unburden; to unload; as, to discharge a vessel. 2. To free of the missile with which anything is charged or loaded; to let go the charge of; as, to discharge a bow, catapult, etc.; especially, said of firearms, to fire off; to shoot off; also, to relieve from a state of tension, as a Leyden jar. "The galleys also did oftentimes, out of their prows, discharge their great pieces against the city." (Knolles) "Feeling in other cases discharges itself in indirect muscular actions." (H. Spencer) 3. To of something weighing upon or impeding over one, as a debt, claim, obligation, responsibility, accusation, etc.; to absolve; to acquit; to clear. "Discharged of business, void of strife." (Dryden) "In one man's fault discharge another man of his duty." (L'Estrange) 4. To relieve of an office or employment; to send away from service; to dismiss. "Discharge the common sort With pay and thanks." (Shak) "Grindal . . . Was discharged the government of his see." (Milton) 5. To release legally from confinement; to set at liberty; as, to discharge a prisoner. 6. To put forth, or remove, as a charge or burden; to take out, as that with which anything is loaded or filled; as, to discharge a cargo. 7. To let fly, as a missile; to shoot. "They do discharge their shot of courtesy." (Shak) 8. To set aside; to annul; to dismiss. "We say such an order was "discharged on appeal."" (Mozley & W) "The order for Daly's attendance was discharged." (Macaulay) 9. To throw off the obligation of, as a duty or debt; to relieve one's self of, by fulfilling conditions, performing duty, trust, and the like; hence, to perform or exte, as an office, or part. "Had I a hundred tongues, a wit so large As could their hundred offices discharge." (Dryden) 10. To send away (a creditor) satisfied by payment; to pay one's debt or obligation to. "If he had The present money to discharge the Jew." (Shak) 11. To give forth; to emit or send out; as, a pipe discharges water; to let fly; to give expression to; to utter; as, to discharge a horrible oath. 12. To prohibit; to forbid. Discharging arch, a piece set to carry thrust or weight to a solid point of support. <physics> Discharging rod, a bent wire, with knobs at both ends, and insulated by a glass handle. It is employed for discharging a Leyden jar or an electrical battery. See Discharger. Synonym: See Deliver. Origin: OE. Deschargen, dischargen, OF. Deschargier, F. Decharger; pref. Des- (L. Dis) + chargier, F. Charger. See Charge. 1. The act of discharging; the act of relieving of a charge or load; removal of a load or burden; unloading; as, the discharge of a ship; discharge of a cargo. 2. Firing off; explosive removal of a charge; explosion; letting off; as, a discharge of arrows, of artillery. 3. Act of relieving of something which oppresses or weighs upon one, as an obligation, liability, debt, accusation, etc.; acquittance; as, the discharge of a debtor. 4. Act of removing, or getting rid of, an obligation, liability, etc.; fulfillment, as by the payment of a debt, or the performance of a trust or duty. "Indefatigable in the discharge of business." (Motley) "Nothing can absolve us from the discharge of those duties." (L'Estrange) 5. Release or dismissal from an office, employment, etc.; dismission; as, the discharge of a workman by his employer. 6. Legal release from confinement; liberation; as, the discharge of a prisoner. 7. The state of being discharged or relieved of a debt, obligation, office, and the like; acquittal. "Too secure of our discharge From penalty." (Milton) 8. That which discharges or releases from an obligation, liability, penalty, etc, as a price of ransom, a legal document. "Death, who sets all free, Hath paid his ransom now and full discharge." (Milton) 9. A flowing or issuing out; emission; vent; evacuation; also, that which is discharged or emitted; as, a rapid discharge of water from the pipe. "The hemorrhage being stopped, the next occurrence is a thin serous discharge." (S. Sharp) Charge and discharge. <physiology> The increased secretion from a gland resulting from the cutting of all of its nerves. Origin: Cf. F. Decharge. See Discharge. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| discharge of dredged material | Any addition of dredged material into the waters of the U.S. The term includes, without limitation, the addition of dredged material to a specified discharge site located in waters of the U.S. And the runoff or overflow from a contained land or water disposal area. Discharges of pollutants into waters of the U.S., resulting from the onshore subsequent processing of dredged material that is extracted from any commercial use (other than fill), are not included within this term and are subject to Section 402 of the CWA even though the extraction and deposit of such material may require a permit from the Corps of Engineers. The term does not include plowing, cultivating, seeding, and harvesting for the production of food, fibre, and forest products. The term does not include de minimis, incidental soil movement occurring during normal dredging operations. (09 Oct 1997) |
| discharge of fill material | The addition of fill material into waters of the U.S. The term generally includes, without limitation, the following activities: placement of fill that is necessary for the construction of any structure in a water of the U.S., the building of any structure or impoundment requiring rock, sand, dirt, or other material for its construction, site-development fills for recreational, industrial, commercial, residential, and other uses, causeways or road fills, dams and dikes, artificial islands, property protection and/or reclamation devices such as riprap, groins, seawalls, breakwaters, and revetments, beach nourishment, levees, fill for structures such as sewage treatment facilities, intake and outfall pipes associated with power plants and subaqueous utility lines, and artificial reefs. The term does not include plowing, cultivating, seeding, and harvesting for the production of food, fibre, and forest products. (09 Oct 1997) |
| electron cyclotron discharge cleaning | Using relatively low power microwaves (at the electron cyclotron frequency) to create a weakly ionised, essentially unconfined hydrogen plasma in the vacuum chamber. The ions react with impurities on the walls of the tokamak and help remove them from the chamber. For instance, Alcator C-mod typically applies electron cyclotron discharge cleaning for a few days prior to beginning a campaign, and a few hours before each day's run. (09 Oct 1997) |
| accessory breast | A milk-secreting gland located elsewhere than at the normal place on the chest and existing in addition to the two usual mammae. Synonym: mamma accessoria, accessory breast, supernumerary mamma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bed of breast | Structures against which the posterior surface of the breast lies; includes mainly the pectoralis major muscle, but also some serratus anterior and external abdominal oblique muscle; extends from second to sixth rib, and from parasternal to anterior axillary lines. (05 Mar 2000) |
| BRCA1 breast cancer susceptibility gene | This mutated (changed) version of the BRCA1 gene makes a person susceptible to developing breast cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| breast | To meet, with the breast; to struggle with or oppose manfully; as, to breast the storm or waves. "The court breasted the popular current by sustaining the demurrer." (Wirt) To breast up a hedge, to cut the face of it on one side so as to lay bare the principal upright stems of the plants. Origin: Breasted; Breasted. 1. The fore part of the body, between the neck and the belly; the chest; as, the breast of a man or of a horse. 2. Either one of the protuberant glands, situated on the front of the chest or thorax in the female of man and of some other mammalia, in which milk is secreted for the nourishment of the young; a mammma; a teat. "My brother, that sucked the breasts of my mother." (Cant. Viii. 1) 3. Anything resembling the human breast, or bosom; the front or forward part of anything; as, a chimney breast; a plow breast; the breast of a hill. "Mountains on whose barren breast The laboring clouds do often rest." (Milton) 4. <chemical> The face of a coal working. The front of a furnace. 5. The seat of consciousness; the repository of thought and self-consciousness, or of secrets; the seat of the affections and passions; the heart. "He has a loyal breast." (Shak) 6. The power of singing; a musical voice; so called, probably, from the connection of the voice with the lungs, which lie within the breast. "By my troth, the fool has an excellent breast." (Shak) Breast drill, a portable drilling machine, provided with a breastplate, for forcing the drill against the work. Breast pang. See Angina pectoris, under Angina. To make a clean breast, to disclose the secrets which weigh upon one; to make full confession. Origin: OE. Brest, breost, As. Breost; akin to Icel. Brjst, Sw. Brost, Dan. Bryst, Goth. Brusts, OS. Briost, D. Borst, G. Brust. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| breast augmentation | <surgery> A surgical procedure, often involving the use of a prosthetic implant, to increase the size or alter the shape of the breast. (27 Sep 1997) |
| breast bone | The breastbone. The sternum articulates with the ribs 1 through 7 on either side of the chest. (27 Sep 1997) |
| breast cancer | <oncology> The uncontrolled growth of malignant breast tissue. Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-related death in the 15-54 age group. Strong risk factors include a prior history for breast cancer or a positive family history for breast cancer. Early detection is possible through the use of monthly breast self-examination, annual clinical exams and mammography. WWW: cancerNET document for patients WWW: cancerNET document for clinicians (05 Jan 1998) |
| breast cancer susceptibility genes | Inherited factors that predispose to breast cancer. Put otherwise, these genes make one more susceptible to the disease and so increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Two of these genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified (and prominently publicised). Several other genes (those for the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden disease, Muir-Torre syndrome, and ataxia-telangiectasia) are also known to predispose to breast cancer. However, since all of these known breast cancer susceptibility genes together do not account for more than a minor fraction (1/5th at most) of breast cancer that clusters in families, it is clear that more breast cancer genes remain to be discovered. (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|