| 영문 | funnel breast | 한글 | 오목가슴, 누두흉 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 앞가슴의 중앙부가 깔대기 모양으로 함몰되어 있는 것. 대부분 유전성으로 심한 경우에는 심장이나 허파에 장애를 일으킨다. 인구 300~400명의 신생아 중 1명이 이 질환에 걸릴 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 보통 이 증상을 갖고 있는 사람은 마른체형이고 척추후만 등 자세의 이상을 동반하는 경우가 많다. 보통 신생아기, 영아기 등 어려서부터 알게 되며, 기형적인 모습 때문에 학교생활이나 사회생활을 할 때 지장을 받을 수도 있다. 남자에게 많이 발생하고, 상기도폐색-기관지연화증과 관련되어 생길 수도 있다. 보통의 경우 증상이 없지만, 심한 경우 심폐기능의 장애로 인해 운동할 때 숨이 차고, 반복되는 감기증상이 있을 수 있다. 승모판 탈출, 조기흥분증후군이 나타나는 경우도 있다. |
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| 영문 | fibrocystic disease of breast | 한글 | 유방 섬유낭병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 젖을 생산하는 젖샘내에 완두콩 또는 큰콩 크기의 결절이 발생하는 증세를 특징으로 하는 병. 30~50대의 부인에게 흔히 발생하며, 그 대부분은 양쪽 유방에 동시에 발생한다. 이러한 결절은 두 손가락 사이에 끼워 촉진할 때는 분명하지만, 흉벽을 손바닥으로 누르면 명료하지 않을 정도로 부드러운 것이 많다. 그 발생 원인에는 여러 가지 설이 많은데, 젖샘조직에 대한 만성적인 자극이 주원인이라 생각되고 있으며, 극히 서서히 진행하는 경과를 밟는다. 진단은 촉진, 초음파진단 등으로 하며, 암과 감별이 곤란할 때는 조직의 일부를 채취하여 검사하는 생검이 이용되기도 한다. |
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| 영문 | breast cancer | 한글 | 유방암 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유방은 지방조직과 본래의 목적인 젓을 생산하는 샘조직, 그리고 이 샘조직에서 생산한 젓을 밖에까지 내보내는 관조직, 그리고 이 샘조직과 관조직의 주위를 둘러싸고 있으면서 이것들의 모양을 유지해주는 간질로 이루어진다. 유방암이란 샘조직과 관조직에서 기원하는 종양을 말한다. 유방암을 발생시킬 수 있는 위험인자는 여러 가지가 밝혀져 있다. 그중에서 대표적인 것은 다음과 같다. 1.유전적 요인－가족 중에서 유방암에 걸린 사람이 있으면 유방암의 발생확률이 아주 높아진다. 2.에스트로겐에 장기적으로 많이 폭로되는 경우－에스트로겐은 여성호르몬으로 여성에서 정상적으로 생리의 주기에 따라 증감을 되풀이한다. 이 에스트로겐은 유방의 젖샘조직과 관조직의 증식과 성장에 관계한다. 그리고 이 에스트로겐에 많이 폭로되는 사람은 유방암의 확률이 높다. 외부에서 에스트로겐의 제제를 치료목적으로 투여할 경우에 유방암의 발생확률은 정상인에서 보다 현저하게 높아진다. 그리고 아이를 낳지 않고 평생을 사는 여자의 경우에 임신을 하고 아이를 낳은 여자에 비해서 에스트로겐에 많이 폭로가 되므로(임신시에는 비임신시보다 에스트로겐에 적게 폭로가 된다)유방암의 확률이 높다. 3.환경적 요인－지방질 섭취의 증가, 술의 섭취 등은 유방암의 확률을 높인다. 유방암의 증상으로 가장 많은 것은 아프지 않은 유방의 덩어리이다. 그리고 유두에서 분비물이 나오거나, 유방의 피부변화 등이 유방암의 흔한 증상이다. 치료는 유방의 절제술이 가장 효과적인 치료법으로 되어있다. 그리고 이것에 더하여 방사선 치료나 항암제요법도 효과가 있는 것으로 되어있다. 또 에스트로겐의 과잉과 관계가 있는 종양일 경우에는 에스트로겐의 효과를 차단하는 약물도 효과가 있다. |
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| misc | miscarriage; miscellaneous |
|---|---|
| MBC | male breast cancer; maximal bladder capacity; maximal breathing capacity; metastatic breast cancer; ... |
| BC/BS | Blue Cross/Blue Shield [plan] |
| BCBSA | Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association |
| BS | Bachelor of Science; Bachelor of Surgery; Bacillus subtilis; Bartter syndrome; base strap; bedside; ... |
| ABBI | Advanced Breast Biopsy Instrumentation |
|---|---|
| BBD | Benign Breast Disease |
| BC | Breast Cancer |
| BCDDP | Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project |
| BCPT | Breast Cancer PRevention TRial |
| blue shield | A prepaid health insurance plan for costs of physicians' services. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| water shield | <botany> An aquatic American plant (Brasenia peltata) having floating oval leaves, and the covered with a clear jelly. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| shield | 1. To cover with, or as with, a shield; to cover from danger; to defend; to protect from assault or injury. "Shouts of applause ran ringing through the field, To see the son the vanquished father shield." (Dryden) "A woman's shape doth shield thee." (Shak) 2. To ward off; to keep off or out. "They brought with them their usual weeds, fit to shield the cold to which they had been inured." (Spenser) 3. To avert, as a misfortune; hence, as a supplicatory exclamation, forbid! "God shield that it should so befall." (Chaucer) "God shield I should disturb devotion!" (Shak) Origin: AS. Scidan, scyldan. See Shield. 1. A broad piece of defensive armor, carried on the arm, formerly in general use in war, for the protection of the body. See Buckler. "Now put your shields before your hearts and fight, With hearts more proof than shields." (Shak) 2. Anything which protects or defends; defense; shelter; protection. "My council is my shield." 3. Figuratively, one who protects or defends. "Fear not, Abram; I am thy shield, and thy exceeding great reward." (Gen. Xv. 1) 4. <botany> In lichens, a Hardened cup or disk surrounded by a rim and containing the fructification, or asci. 5. The escutcheon or field on which are placed the bearings in coats of arms. Cf. Lozenge. 6. <chemical> A framework used to protect workmen in making an adit under ground, and capable of being pushed along as excavation progresses. 7. A spot resembling, or having the form of, a shield. "Bespotted as with shields of red and black." 8. A coin, the old French crown, or ecu, having on one side the figure of a shield. <botany> Shield fern, any fern of the genus Aspidium, in which the fructifications are covered with shield-shaped indusia; called also wood fern. Origin: OE. Sheld, scheld, AS. Scield, scild, sceld, scyld; akin to OS. Scild, OFries. Skeld, D. & G. Schild, OHG. Scilt, Icel. Skjoldr, Sw. Skold, Dan. Skiold, Goth. Skildus; of uncertain origin. Cf. Sheldrake. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| shield-bearer | 1. One who, or that which, carries a shield. 2. <zoology> Any small moth of the genus Aspidisca, whose larva makes a shieldlike covering for itself out of bits of leaves. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| nipple shield | A cap or dome placed over the nipple to protect it during nursing. (05 Mar 2000) |
| embryonic shield | A thickened area of the embryonic blastoderm from which the embryo develops. (05 Mar 2000) |
| accessory breast | A milk-secreting gland located elsewhere than at the normal place on the chest and existing in addition to the two usual mammae. Synonym: mamma accessoria, accessory breast, supernumerary mamma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bed of breast | Structures against which the posterior surface of the breast lies; includes mainly the pectoralis major muscle, but also some serratus anterior and external abdominal oblique muscle; extends from second to sixth rib, and from parasternal to anterior axillary lines. (05 Mar 2000) |
| BRCA1 breast cancer susceptibility gene | This mutated (changed) version of the BRCA1 gene makes a person susceptible to developing breast cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| breast | To meet, with the breast; to struggle with or oppose manfully; as, to breast the storm or waves. "The court breasted the popular current by sustaining the demurrer." (Wirt) To breast up a hedge, to cut the face of it on one side so as to lay bare the principal upright stems of the plants. Origin: Breasted; Breasted. 1. The fore part of the body, between the neck and the belly; the chest; as, the breast of a man or of a horse. 2. Either one of the protuberant glands, situated on the front of the chest or thorax in the female of man and of some other mammalia, in which milk is secreted for the nourishment of the young; a mammma; a teat. "My brother, that sucked the breasts of my mother." (Cant. Viii. 1) 3. Anything resembling the human breast, or bosom; the front or forward part of anything; as, a chimney breast; a plow breast; the breast of a hill. "Mountains on whose barren breast The laboring clouds do often rest." (Milton) 4. <chemical> The face of a coal working. The front of a furnace. 5. The seat of consciousness; the repository of thought and self-consciousness, or of secrets; the seat of the affections and passions; the heart. "He has a loyal breast." (Shak) 6. The power of singing; a musical voice; so called, probably, from the connection of the voice with the lungs, which lie within the breast. "By my troth, the fool has an excellent breast." (Shak) Breast drill, a portable drilling machine, provided with a breastplate, for forcing the drill against the work. Breast pang. See Angina pectoris, under Angina. To make a clean breast, to disclose the secrets which weigh upon one; to make full confession. Origin: OE. Brest, breost, As. Breost; akin to Icel. Brjst, Sw. Brost, Dan. Bryst, Goth. Brusts, OS. Briost, D. Borst, G. Brust. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| breast augmentation | <surgery> A surgical procedure, often involving the use of a prosthetic implant, to increase the size or alter the shape of the breast. (27 Sep 1997) |
| breast bone | The breastbone. The sternum articulates with the ribs 1 through 7 on either side of the chest. (27 Sep 1997) |
| breast cancer | <oncology> The uncontrolled growth of malignant breast tissue. Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-related death in the 15-54 age group. Strong risk factors include a prior history for breast cancer or a positive family history for breast cancer. Early detection is possible through the use of monthly breast self-examination, annual clinical exams and mammography. WWW: cancerNET document for patients WWW: cancerNET document for clinicians (05 Jan 1998) |
| breast cancer susceptibility genes | Inherited factors that predispose to breast cancer. Put otherwise, these genes make one more susceptible to the disease and so increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Two of these genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified (and prominently publicised). Several other genes (those for the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden disease, Muir-Torre syndrome, and ataxia-telangiectasia) are also known to predispose to breast cancer. However, since all of these known breast cancer susceptibility genes together do not account for more than a minor fraction (1/5th at most) of breast cancer that clusters in families, it is clear that more breast cancer genes remain to be discovered. (12 Dec 1998) |
| breast carcinoma | <oncology> The uncontrolled growth of malignant breast tissue. Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-related death in the 15-54 age group. Strong risk factors include a prior history for breast cancer or a positive family history for breast cancer. Early detection is possible through the use of monthly breast self-examination, annual clinical exams and mammography. WWW: cancerNET document for patients WWW: cancerNET document for clinicians (05 Jan 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|