| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| AGV | aniline gentian violet |
| GV | gastric volume; gas ventilation; gentian violet; germinal vesicle; granulosis virus; griseoviridan; ... |
| GV | Gentian Violet |
|---|---|
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
| NAO | 10-N-Nonyl acridine orange |
| AO | Acridine Orange |
| NAO | N-nonyl acridine orange |
| Bensley, Robert | <person> U.S.-Canadian anatomist, 1867-1956. See: Bensley's specific granules. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Bensley's specific granules | Granule's in the cells of the islands of Langerhans in the pancreas. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neutral stain | <technique> A compound of an acid stain and a basic stain, such as the eosinate of methylene blue, in which the anion and cation each contains a chromophore group. Synonym: salt dye. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gentian | <botany> Any one of a genus (Gentiana) of herbaceous plants with opposite leaves and a tubular four- or five-lobed corolla, usually blue, but sometimes white, yellow, or red. Many species are found on the highest mountains of Europe, Asia, and America, and some are prized for their beauty, as the Alpine (Gentiana verna, Bavarica, and excisa), and the American fringed gentians (G. Crinita and G. Detonsa). Several are used as tonics, especially the bitter roots of Gentiana lutea, the officinal gentian of the pharmacopoeias. Horse gentian, fever root. <botany> Yellow gentian, the officinal gentian (Gentiana lutea). See Bitterwort. Origin: OE. Genciane, F. Gentiane, L. Gentiana, fr. Gentius, an Illyrian king, said to have discovered its properties. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| gentian aniline water | Gentian violet with saturated aniline water, a more effective stain than simple gentian violet. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gentian root | See: gentian. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gentian violet | <chemical> A dye occuring as a dark green powder or greenish glistening pieces having a metallic luster, with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties, applied topically in the treatment of infections of the skin and muscous membranes associated with gram-positive bacteria and molds, and administered orally in pinworm and liver fluke infections. It has been given in strongyloidosis. Pharmacological action: anti-infective agents, local, antinematodal agent, rosaniline dyes. Chemical name: Methanaminium, N-(4-(bis(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)methylene)-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene)-N-methyl-, chloride (12 Dec 1998) |
| acridine orange | <chemical, molecular biology> 3, 6-bis(dimethylamino)acridinium chloride. A toxic, fluorescing dye that stains DNA and RNA and is typically used to identify cancerous tumour cells. When it binds to double-stranded DNA, it fluoresces green, when it binds with the phosphate groups of single-stranded DNA or RNA, it fluoresces orange. The chemical also causes frameshift mutations. (12 Mar 1998) |
| Agent Orange | An herbicide and defoliant, consisting of (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid, and dioxin, that was widely used in the Vietnam War; it has been shown to possess residual post-exposure carcinogenic and teratogenic properties in humans. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bitter orange peel | The dried rind of the unripe but fully grown fruit; a flavoring agent. Dried, the dried outer part of the pericarp of the ripe, or nearly ripe, fruit; it contains not less than 2.5% v/w of volatile oil. The outer part of the pericarp of the ripe, or nearly ripe, fruit; used to prepare the tincture and the syrup. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bitter orange peel oil | A volatile oil obtained by expression from the fresh peel of the bitter orange. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Victoria orange | An alkaline salt of dinitrocresol; a reddish yellow stain formerly used in histology. (05 Mar 2000) |
| peau d'orange | A swollen pitted skin surface overlying carcinoma of the breast in which there is both stromal infiltration and lymphatic obstruction with oedema. Origin: Fr. Orange peel (05 Mar 2000) |
| methyl orange | C14H14N3O3SNa;a weakly acid dye used as a pH indicator (red at 3.2, yellow at 4.4). Synonym: helianthine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sea orange | <zoology> A large American holothurian (Lophothuria Fabricii) having a bright orange convex body covered with finely granulated scales. Its expanded tentacles are bright red. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|