| Arrhenius doctrine | The theory of electrolytic dissociation (1887) that became the basis of our modern understanding of electrolytes: in an electrically conductive solution (e.g., acid, base, or salt), free ions are present before electrolysis, and the proportion of molecules dissociated into ions can be calculated from measurements of electrical conductivity as well as of osmotic pressure. Synonym: Arrhenius law. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Monro-Kellie doctrine | A doctrine that states that the cranial cavity is a closed rigid box and that therefore a change in the quantity of intracranial blood can occur only through the displacement of or replacement by cerebrospinal fluid. Synonym: Monro-Kellie doctrine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Monro's doctrine | A doctrine that states that the cranial cavity is a closed rigid box and that therefore a change in the quantity of intracranial blood can occur only through the displacement of or replacement by cerebrospinal fluid. Synonym: Monro-Kellie doctrine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| humoral doctrine | The ancient Greek theory of the four body humors (blood, yellow and black bile, and phlegm) that determined health and disease. The humors were associated with the four elements (air, fire, earth, and water), which in turn corresponded to a pair of the qualities (hot, cold, dry, and moist). A proper and evenly balanced mixture of the humors was characteristic of health of body and mind; an imperfect balance resulted in disease. Temperament of body or mind also was supposed to be determined, e.g., sanguine (blood), choleric (yellow bile), melancholic (black bile), or phlegmatic (phlegm). Synonym: fluidism, humoralism, humorism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| doctrine | 1. Teaching; instruction. "He taught them many things by parables, and said unto them in his doctrine, Hearken." (Mark iv. 2) 2. That which is taught; what is held, put forth as true, and supported by a teacher, a school, or a sect; a principle or position, or the body of principles, in any branch of knowledge; any tenet or dogma; a principle of faith; as, the doctrine of atoms; the doctrine of chances. "The doctrine of gravitation." "Articles of faith and doctrine." (Hooker) The Monroe doctrine, a policy enunciated by President Monroe (Message, Dec. 2, 1823), the essential feature of which is that the United States will regard as an unfriendly act any attempt on the part of European powers to extend their systems on this continent, or any interference to oppress, or in any manner control the destiny of, governments whose independence had been acknowledged by the United States. Synonym: Precept, tenet, principle, maxim, dogma. Doctrine, Precept. Doctrine denotes whatever is recommended as a speculative truth to the belief of others. Precept is a rule down to be obeyed. Doctrine supposes a teacher; precept supposes a superior, with a right to command. The doctrines of the Bible; the precepts of our holy religion. "Unpracticed he to fawn or seek for power By doctrines fashioned to the varying hour." (Goldsmith) Origin: F. Doctrine, L. Doctrina, fr. Doctor. See Doctor. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| arrhenius equation | This equation expresses the logarithmic relationship between the rate constant of a reaction and the reciprocal of the temperature (expressed in K). (09 Oct 1997) |
| Arrhenius law | The theory of electrolytic dissociation (1887) that became the basis of our modern understanding of electrolytes: in an electrically conductive solution (e.g., acid, base, or salt), free ions are present before electrolysis, and the proportion of molecules dissociated into ions can be calculated from measurements of electrical conductivity as well as of osmotic pressure. Synonym: Arrhenius law. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Arrhenius-Madsen theory | That the reaction of an antigen with its antibody is a reversible reaction, the equilibrium being determined according to the law of mass action by the concentrations of the reacting substances. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Arrhenius plot | A plot of the logarithm of reaction rate against the reciprocal of absolute temperature. For a single stage reaction this gives a straight line from which the activation energy and the frequency factor can be determined. Often applied to data from complex biological systems when the form observed is frequently a series of linear portions with sudden changes of slope. Great caution must be observed in interpreting such slopes in terms of activation energies for single processes. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Arrhenius, Svante | <person> Swedish chemist and Nobel laureate, 1859-1927. See: Arrhenius doctrine, Arrhenius equation, Arrhenius law, Arrhenius-Madsen theory. (05 Mar 2000) |
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