| ¿µ¹® | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | ÇÑ±Û | µ¥¿Á½Ã¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ÇÙ»êÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î DNA¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. DeoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ÁßÇÕüÀ̸ç À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÈÇÐÀû º»Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù. RNA¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ¸ðµç »ý¹°Àº DNA¸¦ À¯ÀüÀÚ·Î Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµå(deoxyribonucleotide)´Â ¿°±â¿Í ´ç(2'-deoxy-D-ribose)°ú ÀλêÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¿°±â´Â ¾Æµ¥´Ñ(adenine), ±¸¾Æ´Ñ(guanine), Ƽ¹Î(thymine)¹× ½ÃÅä½Å(cytosine)ÀÇ 4°¡ÁöÀ̸ç, À̰ÍÀº ´ç¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÎ»ê ¿ª½Ã ´çÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ´çÀº ´Ù¸¥ deoxy- ribonucleotideÀÇ ´ç°ú ÀλêÀ» »çÀÌ¿¡ ³õ°í °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÇϳªÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» Çü¼ºÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀÌ ÁÖÃàÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ »ç½½ µÎ °³´Â °¢°¢ deoxyribonucleotide¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿°±âµéÀÌ °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ¿© µÎ °³ÀÇ »ç½½ÀÌ °áÇյǾî ÀÖ´Â ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µé°Ô µÈ´Ù. 4°¡Áö ¿°±â ¾Æµ¥´ÑÀº Ƽ¹Î°ú °áÇÕÀ» Çϰí, ½ÃÅä½Å°ú °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀº ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µå´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ°í ±ä »ç½½¿¡ ºÎÂøµÈ ¿°±âµéÀÇ °áÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ µÎ °³ÀÇ ±ä »ç½½Àº ¼·Î ºÙ¾î¼ ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. DNAÀÇ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸´Â ¿°±â¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù. 4°³ÀÇ ¿°±âÀÇ Á¶ÇÕ°ú ¹è¿ÀÌ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸¸¦ º¸°üÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¾ÏÈ£ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇàÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | retinoic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ·¹Æ¼³ë»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | C20H28O2. ºñŸ¹Î AÀÇ ¾ËÄڿñ⸦ ¾Ëµ¥È÷µå·Î »êÈÇÑ ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã Ä«¸£º¹½Ç»êÀ¸·Î »êÈÇÏ¿© ¾òÀº »ê. ¹ß»ýÁßÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇüŸ¦ ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | ribonucleic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Ribonucleotide monomer·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÇÙ»êÀ¸·Î ¿°±â, ´ç, ÀλêÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ¿°±â´Â adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracilÀÇ 4Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ´çÀº 5ź´çÀÌ´Ù. RNA´Â DNA¸¦ ÁÖÇüÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î °áÇÕ, Çü¼ºµÇ¸ç ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ¾î Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Àü·É RNA(mRNA)´Â ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °¡Àå ±âº»ÀÌ µÇ´Â DNAÀÇ ¼¿À» »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿Å°Ü ¹Þ¾Æ Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â Àü·É±¸½ÇÀ» ÇÏ´Â RNA. ¸®º¸¼Ø RNA(rRNA) ¸®º¸¼ØÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â 4°¡Áö RNA»ç½½(28S, 18S, 5.8S, 5S·Î ±¸¼º). Àü´Þ RNA(tRNA) ƯÁ¤ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀ» ÇÑÂÊ ³¡¿¡ Áö´Ï°í »óº¸Àû ¼¿ÀÇ mRNA¿Í ÀϽÃÀû °áÇÕÀ» ÀÌ·ç¸ç ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â RNAÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | acid | ÇÑ±Û | »ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¹°¿¡ ³ì¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ÀÌ¿ÂÈÇÏ¿© ¼ö¼Ò ÀÌ¿ÂÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ¹°Áú. ½Å¸ÀÀÌ ³ª°í û»ö ¸®Æ®¸Ó½º Á¾À̸¦ ºÓ°Ô º¯È½ÃŰ¸ç ¿°±â¿ÍÀÇ ÁßÈ ¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹°°ú ¿°À» ¸¸µé°í ÀÌ¿ÂÈ ¿¿¡¼ ¼ö¼Òº¸´Ù ¾Õ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±Ý¼Ó°ú ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© ¿°À» ¸¸µé¸é¼ ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ ¹ß»ý½ÃŲ´Ù. ¼ö¼Ò ¿øÀÚ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ÂÈÇÏ´Â ÈûÀÇ °¾à¿¡ µû¶ó °»ê°ú ¾à»êÀ¸·Î ³ª´¶´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | acetic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ¾Æ¼¼Æ®»ê, ÃÊ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ºÐÀÚ½ÄÀº C2H4O2, ºÐÀÚ·® 60.05ÀÇ Àú±Þ Áö¹æ»êÀÌ´Ù. CH3COOHÀÇ ±¸Á¶½ÄÀ» °¡Áø ¹«»ö¾×ü·Î 16.7¡É¿¡¼ ³ì°í 118.0¡É¿¡¼ ²ú´Â´Ù. ½ÄÃÊÀÇ ½Å¸ÀÀ» ³»´Â °ÍÀ̰í, ³óÃàµÈ °ÍÀ» ºùÃÊ»êÀ̶ó ÇÑ´Ù. »ó¿Â¿¡¼´Â ¾×üÀÌ¸ç ¼ö¿ë¾×Àº ¾à»ê¼ºÀÌ´Ù. »ýü³»¿¡¼´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Æ¼¼Æ¿ CoA·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ¸ç ¾Æ¼¼Æ¿±âÀÇ °ø±Þ¿øÀÌ µÇ´Â ¿Ü¿¡ Áö¹æ»êÀ̳ª ½ºÅ×·ÎÀÌµå µîÀÇ »ý¼ºÀç·á·Î Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¾Æ¼¼Æ¿ CoA·ÎºÎÅÍ´Â ÄÉÅæÃ¼°¡ ÇÕ¼ºµÇ¸ç Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö¿øÀÌ µÈ´Ù. |
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| CAT | California Achievement Test; capillary agglutination test; catalase; cataract; catecholamine; Childr... |
|---|---|
| PAT | Pain Apperception Test; paroxysmal atrial tachycardia; patient; phenylaminotetrazole; physical abili... |
| PA | panic attack; pantothenic acid; paralysis agitans; paranoia; passive aggressive; pathology; patient'... |
| ACAT | acetocoenzyme A acetyltransferase; automated computerized axial tomography |
| ChAC | choline acetyltransferase |
| AANAT | Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase |
|---|---|
| CAT | Carnitine acetyltransferase |
| ChA | Choline acetyltransferase |
| ChAC | Choline acetyltransferase |
| ChAT | Choline acetyltransferase activity |
| 2,4-diaminobutyric acid acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses conversion of l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid to n(gamma)-l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: ecta gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
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| polysialic acid O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Preferentiallly acetylates high molecular weight polymers of sialic acid of E coli capsular polysaccharide Registry number: EC 2.3.1.136 Synonym: polysialosyl acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
|---|---|
| sialic acid O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Responsible for 9(7)-o-acetylation of sialic residues Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: sia o-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-CoA-1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Transfers acetate from acetyl CoA to the sn-2-position of 1-alkyl-2-lyso-glycerophosphocholine, forming the substrate for 1-alkylglycerophosphocholine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.67) Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acopc acetyltransferase, 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine-acetyl CoA acetyltransferase, alkyllyso-gp-acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, acetyl-coenzyme a-1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase | An acetyltransferase forming acetoacetyl-CoA from two molecules of acetyl-CoA, releasing one CoA. A key step in ketogenesis and sterol synthesis. Synonym: acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, acetyl-CoA thiolase, thiolase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl-CoA:alpha-glucosaminide acetyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme involved in the synthesis of certain carbohydrate moieties on proteins. A deficiency of this enzyme leads to mucopolysaccharidosis type III C. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl CoA-(beta-aminoethyl)-L-cysteine omega-N-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Forms s-(beta-n-acetyl-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acoac-acetyltransferase, acetyl coenzyme a-(beta-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine omega-n-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-CoA c-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reversible formation of acetoacetyl-CoA from two molecules of acetyl-CoA. Chemical name: Acetyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.3.1.9 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetyl CoA-deacetylcephalosporin C acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Product of cefg gene of cephalosporium acremonium; amino acid sequence has been determined Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acetyl coenzyme a-decatylcephalosporin c acetyltransferase, acetyl CoA-deacetylcephalosporin c o-acetyltransferase, dcpc-atf, deacetylcephalosporin c acetyltransferase, cefg gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-CoA - lysine N6-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> First step in catabolism of lysine by saccharomyces cerevisiae Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: accoa lysine acetyltransferase, lysine n-6-acetyltransferase, lyc1 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-coenzyme A-deacetylvindoline 4-O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the final step in vindoline biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus Registry number: EC 2.3.1.107 Synonym: acadv-acetyltransferase, acetylcoenzyme a-deacetylvindoline-17-o-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-coenzyme A-salutaridinol-7-O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the transfer of acetyl from acetyl coenzyme a to the 7-oh group of salutaridinol which yields salutaridinol-7-o-acetate, an intermediate in morphine biosynthesis; from papaver somniferum plant cell cultures Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acetyl CoA-salutaridinol-7-o-acetyltransferase, salutaridinol-7-o-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyltransferase | Any enzyme transferring acetyl groups from one compound to another. See: acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, choline acetyltransferase, dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase. Synonym: transacetylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ACP-acetyltransferase | Enzyme transferring acetyl from acetyl-CoA to acyl carrier protein and releasing CoA to begin fatty acid synthesis. Synonym: acetyl transacylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aminoglycoside acetyltransferase | <enzyme> See also gentamicin acetyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: aminocyclitol acetyltransferase, neomycin acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| aminoglycoside N1-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Monoacetylates apramycin, butirosin, lividomycin and paromomycin at the c1 amino group and diacetylates ribostamycin and neomycin, at the c1 amino and possibly at the 6' amino group Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acc1 enzyme, paromomycin acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
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