| LSR | lanthanide shift reagent; lecithin/ sphingomyelin ratio; left superior rectus [muscle]; liver/spleen... |
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| RR | radiation reaction; radiation response; rate ratio; rational recovery [group]; recovery room; relati... |
| SR | sarcoplasmic reticulum; saturation recovery; scanning radiometer; screen; secretion rate; sedimentat... |
| TR | recovery time; rectal temperature; repetition time; residual tuberculin; terminal repeat; tetrazoliu... |
| CFR | case-fatality ratio; citrovorum-factor rescue; Code of Federal Regulations; complement-fixation reac... |
| extraction ratio | The fraction of a substance removed from the blood flowing through the kidney; it is calculated from the formula (A -V)/A, where A and V, respectively, are the concentrations of the substance in arterial and renal venous plasma. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| K:A ratio | <abbreviation> Ketogenic-antiketogenic ratio. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ketogenic-antiketogenic ratio | The proportion between substances that form ketones in the body and those that form d-glucose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| zeta sedimentation ratio | The ratio of the zetacrit to the haematocrit, normally 0.41 to 0.54 (41 to 54%); it is a sensitive indicator of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and, unlike the latter, is unaffected by anaemia, which tends to elevate the ESR. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fertility ratio | A measure of the fertility of a population based on the female population in the child-bearing age-group, defined as ages 15-49 years. (05 Mar 2000) |
| flux ratio | The ratio of the two unidirectional fluxes through a particular boundary layer or membrane. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio | A ratio used to determine foetal pulmonary maturity, found by testing the amniotic fluid; when the lungs are mature, lecithin exceeds sphingomyelin by 2 to 1. (05 Mar 2000) |
| functional terminal innervation ratio | The number of muscle fibres divided by the number of axons that innervate them. (05 Mar 2000) |
| low aspect ratio | <physics> An aspect ratio for a torus that is small (minor radius is almost as big as major radius). There are many fusion devices which are designed to have a low aspect ratio. Such devices look more like tractor tires than bicycle tires, as toruses go. There are reasons to believe that low aspect ratio devices will offer some advantages for a fusion reactor. Usually, ease of theoretical and/or numerical analysis is not one of these advantages. (16 Mar 1998) |
| L/S ratio | <abbreviation> Lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ABO blood group | <haematology> The major human blood type system which describes the oligosaccharide glycoprotein antigens found on the surface of human blood cells. According to the type of antigen present, a person may be assigned a blood type of A, B, AB or O. A second type of antigen, the Rh factor, renders a positive or negative blood type. The ABO blood group system is important because it determines who can donate blood to or accept blood from whom. Type A or AB blood will cause an immune reaction in people with type B blood and type B and AB blood will cause a reaction in people with type A blood. Conversely, type O blood has no A or B antigens, so people with type O blood are universal donors. And since AB blood already produces both antigens, people who are type AB can accept any of the other blood types without suffering an immune reaction. (04 Jul 1999) |
| Almen's test for blood | Glacial acetic acid, gum guaiac solution, and hydrogen peroxide are added to an aqueous suspension of the suspected stain; if occult blood or blood pigment is present, a blue colour develops. Synonym: guaiac test, Schonbein's test, van Deen's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arterial blood | Blood that is oxygenated in the lungs, found in the left chambers of the heart and in the arteries, and relatively bright red. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arterial blood gas | A test which analyses arterial blood for oxygen, carbon dioxide and bicarbonate content in addition to blood pH. Used to test the effectiveness of respiration. Acronym: ABG (17 Oct 1997) |
| blood | <haematology> Considered a circulating tissue composed of a fluid portion (plasma) with suspended formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets). Arterial blood is the means by which oxygen and nutrients are transported to tissues, venous blood is the means by which carbon dioxide and metabolic by-products are transported for excretion. (05 Jan 1998) |