| receptors, nerve growth factor | Cell surface receptors that bind nerve growth factor (ngf) and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Nerve growth factor receptors mediate the effects of nerve growth factor on the survival and growth of neurons. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| receptors, neurokinin-1 | A class of cell surface receptors for tachykinins with a preference for substance p. Neurokinin-1 (nk-1) receptors have been cloned and are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. They are found on many cell types including central and peripheral neurons, smooth muscle cells, acinar cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, neurokinin-2 | A class of cell surface receptors for tachykinins that prefers neurokinin a (nka, substance k, neurokinin alpha, neuromedin l), neuropeptide k (npk), or neuropeptide gamma over other tachykinins. Neurokinin-2 (nk-2) receptors have been cloned and are similar to other g-protein coupled receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, neurokinin-3 | A class of cell surface receptors for tachykinins that prefers neurokinin b (neurokinin beta, neuromedin k) over other tachykinins. Neurokinin-3 (nk-3) receptors have been cloned and are members of the g-protein coupled receptor superfamily. They have been found in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, neuropeptide | Cell surface receptors that bind specific neuropeptides with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Many neuropeptides are also hormones outside of the nervous system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, neuropeptide y | Cell surface proteins that bind neuropeptide y with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, neurotensin | Cell surface proteins that bind neurotensin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Neurotensin and neurotensin receptors are found in the central nervous system and in the periphery. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, neurotransmitter | Cell surface receptors that bind signalling molecules released by neurons and convert these signals into intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Neurotransmitter is used here in its most general sense, including not only messengers that act to regulate ion channels, but also those which act on second messenger systems and those which may act at a distance from their release sites. Included are receptors for neuromodulators, neuroregulators, neuromediators, and neurohumors, whether or not located at synapses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, nicotinic | One of the two major classes of cholinergic receptors. Nicotinic receptors were originally distinguished by their preference for nicotine over muscarine. They are generally divided into muscle-type and neuronal-type (previously ganglionic) based on pharmacology, molecular biology, and biophysical properties of the channels. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, n-methyl-d-aspartate | A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterised by affinity for n-methyl-d-aspartate. Nmda receptors have an allosteric binding site for glycine which must be occupied for the channel to open efficiently and a site within the channel itself to which magnesium ions bind in a voltage-dependent manner. The positive voltage dependence of channel conductance and the high permeability of the conducting channel to calcium ions (as well as to monovalent cations) are important in excitotoxicity and neuronal plasticity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, odourant | Proteins, usually projecting from the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons, that specifically bind odourant molecules and trigger responses in the neurons. The large number of different odourant receptors appears to arise from several gene families or subfamilies rather than from DNA rearrangement. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, oxytocin | Cell surface proteins that bind oxytocin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Oxytocin receptors in the uterus and the mammary glands mediate the hormone's stimulation of contraction and milk ejection. The presence of oxytocin and oxytocin receptors in neurons of the brain probably reflects an additional role as a neurotransmitter. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, pancreatic hormone | Cell surface proteins that bind pancreatic hormones with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. These include receptors for glucagon (secreted by alpha cells), insulin (secreted by beta cells), somatostatin (secreted by delta cells), and pancreatic peptide (secreted by pp cells). Some of these hormones and receptors also support neurotransmission. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, parathyroid hormone | Cell surface proteins that bind parathyroid hormone with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Parathyroid hormone receptors on bone, kidney, and gastrointestinal cells mediate the hormone's role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, peptide | Cell surface receptors that bind peptide messengers with high affinity and regulate intracellular signals which influence the behaviour of cells. (12 Dec 1998) |