| rho gene | <molecular biology> Genes coding for small GTP-binding proteins, implicated in actin organisation and the interaction of the cytoskelton with intracellular membranes. See: ras, rab. (23 Aug 1998) |
|---|---|
| chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene | <molecular biology> A gene which codes for the CAT enzyme (the enzyme chloramphenicol acetyltransferase), which helps transfer an acetyl group (a CH3CO- group) to chloramphenicol, an antibiotic. The CAT gene is an important part of CAT assays. (09 Oct 1997) |
| mitochondrial gene | A functioning gene located not in the nucleus of a cell but in the mitochondrial chromosome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| modifier gene | A nonallelic gene that controls or changes the manifestation of a gene by interfering with its transcription. (05 Mar 2000) |
| codominant gene | A set of two or more alleles, each expressed phenotypically in the presence of the other. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pleiotropic gene | A gene that has multiple, apparently unrelated, phenotypic manifestations. Synonym: polyphenic gene. (05 Mar 2000) |
| constitutive gene | A gene which is continuously expressed without any regulation (transcription can be neither suppressed nor encouraged). These genes generally encode housekeeping functions and are expressed at low levels in all cells. (09 Oct 1997) |
| control gene | See: operator gene, regulator gene. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pol gene | <molecular biology> Genes coding for DNA polymerases of which there are three in E. Coli, polA, polB and polC coding for polymerases I, II and III respectively. Pol genes in oncogenic retroviruses code for reverse transcriptase. (18 Nov 1997) |
| mutant gene | A gene that has been changed from an ancestral type, not necessarily in the current generation. See: mutant, mutation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| polyphenic gene | A gene that has multiple, apparently unrelated, phenotypic manifestations. Synonym: polyphenic gene. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytoplasmic gene | <molecular biology> A gene which occurs outside the nucleus of an eukaryote or outside the regular chromosomes of a bacteria. (09 Oct 1997) |
| heat-shock gene | <molecular biology> A set of genes present in most animals which are transcribed suddenly, quickly, and with coordination when the animal is exposed to certain types of stress such as a sudden temperature increase. (09 Oct 1997) |
| product, gene | The RNA or protein that results from the expression of a gene. The amount of gene product is a measure of the degree of gene activity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hemizygous gene | <genetics> Any gene which is present as only one copy in a diploid genome, when most other genes in the genome are present as two copies. The genes on the sex chromosomes of members of the heterogametic sex of a species are all hemizygous genes (for example: in humans, males have hemizygous genes on their X and Y chromosomes because they do not have two copies of either of those chromosomes). (13 Nov 1997) |