| ED | early-decision [applicant]; early differentiation; ectodermal dysplasia; ectopic depolarization; eff... |
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| EDA | electrodermal activity; electrodermal audiometry; electrolyte-deficient agar; electron donor accepto... |
| EDAM | electron-dense amorphous material |
| EDB | early dry breakfast; electron-dense body; extensor digitorum brevis |
| EDD | effective drug duration; electron dense deposit; end-diastolic dimension; esophageal detection devic... |
| electron transport chain | <biochemistry, chemistry> A series of compounds that transfer electrons to an eventual donor with concomitant energy conversion. One of the best studied is in the mitochondrial inner membrane, that takes NADH (from the tricarboxylic acid cycle) or FADH and transfers electrons via ubiquinone, cytochromes and various other compounds, to oxygen. Other electron transport chains are involved in photosynthesis. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| electron transport particles | <cell biology> Fragments of mitochondria still capable of transporting electrons. One of the units occurring on the matrical surface of mitochondrial cristae; the head of the particle which measures about 9 nm, attaches to the membrane of the crista by a stalk 5 nm in length; the particle may be concerned with the electron transport system. Synonym: submitochondrial particles. (05 Mar 2000) |
| electron transport phosphorylation | <biochemistry> Synthesis of ATP involving a membrane associated electron transport chain and the creation of a proton-motive force. (09 Oct 1997) |
| electron transport system | The mitochondrial electron transport chain. (18 Nov 1997) |
| electron velocity | <physics> The rate of motion of an electron. (05 Aug 1998) |
| electron-volt | <unit> A general unit of energy of moving particles, equal to the kinetic energy acquired by an electron losing one volt of potential, equal to 1.602 x 10-19 J. This is the energy an electron (or other particle of charge=1 such as a proton), gains as it is accelerated through a potential difference of 1 volt. In plasma physics the electron-volt is used as a unit of temperature when the mean particle energy is 1 eV, the temperature of the plasma is roughly 11, 600 Kelvin (the conversion from eV to K is via the Boltzmann constant). Abbreviation: eV (09 Oct 1997) |
| electron wavelength | <physics> The wavelength necessary to account for the deviation of electron rays in crystals by wave diffraction theory. It is numerically equal to the quotient of Planck's constant divided by the electron momentum, mv. = h / mv, where: h = Planck's constant m = mass of electron v = velocity of electron (05 Aug 1998) |
| emission electron | <physics>? A beta particle resulting from radioactive decay. (05 Mar 2000) |
| transition electron | An electron that moves from one energy level to another to fill a vacancy in a shell, with the emission of characteristic radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| transmission electron microscopy | <technique> Those forms of electron microscopy in which electrons are transmitted through the object to be imaged, suffering energy loss by diffraction and to a small extent by absorption. Acronym: TEM (18 Nov 1997) |
| Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy | <technique> Scanning electron microscopy is performed by scanning a focused probe across the surface of the sample to be studied. In the environmental scanning electron microscopy the composition and pressure of the atmosphere around the specimen may be controlled. In favourable cases non-conductive specimens may be examined without coating, and hydrated specimens may be examined with the water still in place. Acronym: ESEM (05 Aug 1998) |
| free electron | <radiobiology> An electron not bound to an atom, molecule, or other particle via electromagnetic forces. (09 Oct 1997) |
| acetoacetyl-acyl carrier protein synthase | <enzyme> E coli enzyme, that catalyses condensation of malonyl-acyl carrier protein plus acetyl-acyl carrier protein; not inhibited by cerulenin Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acetoacetyl-acp synthase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acid soluble spore protein | <molecular biology> A DNA binding protein in the spores of some bacteria, thought to stabilise the DNA in an A configuration, so protecting it from cleavage by enzymes or UV light. (18 Nov 1997) |
| acute-phase protein | <haematology> These plasma proteins (in addition to fibrinogen) increase 25% or more in response to inflammation and injury are under direct control of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (hepatocyte-stimulating factor). Other proteins which increase are ceruloplasmin, C3 and C4 which increase 50% or more; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, alpha-1 antitrypsin, haptoglobin and fibrinogen (the major determinant of viscosity 1 ) which increase two- to fourfold; C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A which increase several hundred-fold. Despite long-held clinical opinion to the contrary, available data indicate that neither ESR nor measurement of specific acute-phase reactants are useful in excluding underlying infection or inflammation regardless of the pretest probability. These proteins are secreted into the blood in increased or decreased quantities by hepatocytes in response to trauma, inflammation, or disease. They can serve as inhibitors or mediators of the inflammatory processes. Certain acute-phase proteins have been used to diagnose and follow the course of diseases or as tumour markers. See also: amyloid, c-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, viscosity. (25 Jun 1999) |