| axokinin | <protein> Axonemal protein (56 kD) that, when phosphorylated by a cAMP dependant protein kinase, reactivates the axoneme. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| axolemma | <cell biology> Plasma membrane of an axon. (12 Mar 1998) |
| axolotl | <zoology> Ambystoma mexicanum, a type of salamander native to Mexico and the Western United States which spends all of its life underwater. Even as an adult animal, the axolotl retains many larval features, most notably its external gills: as a result the axolotl is an excellent example of the phenomenon of neoteny. The axolotl also has four legs and a tadpole-like tail and is an endangered species. (12 Mar 1998) |
| axolysis | Destruction or dissolution of a nerve axon. Origin: axo-+ G. Lysis, dissolution (05 Mar 2000) |
| axon | <cell biology> A long process of a neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. Each nerve cell has one axon, which can be over a foot long. A nerve cell communicates with another nerve cell by transmitting signals from the branches at the end of its axon. At the terminal end of the axon, the impulses are transmitted to other nerve cells or to effector organs. In the peripheral nervous system, the larger (myelinated) axons are surrounded by a myelin sheath formed by concentric layers of plasma membrane of the schwann cell. In the central nervous system, the function of the schwann cell is supplied by oligodendrocytes (oligodendroglia). See: dendrite. (03 Jul 1999) |
| axon degeneration | A type of peripheral nerve fibre response to insult, wherein axon death and subsequent breakdown occurs, with secondary breakdown of the myelin sheath associated; caused by focal injury to peripheral nerve fibres; often referred to as wallerian degeneration. Synonym: axon degeneration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axon hillock | <cell biology> Tapering region between a neuron's cell body and its axon. This region is responsible for summating the graded inputs from the dendrites and producing action potentials if the threshold is exceeded. (12 Mar 1998) |
| axon loss polyneuropathy | A type of polyneuropathy in which axon degeneration is the sole/predominant feature; many aetiologies, particularly toxic and metabolic; on nerve conduction studies, affects amplitudes of the responses, but does not cause conduction slowing or block. Synonym: axonal polyneuropathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axon reflex | An effect brought about by the passage of the nerve impulses from a sensory ending to the effector organ along divisions of the nerve fibre without traversing a synapse, e.g., as in the vasodilation resulting from stimulation of the skin or the irritation of the conjunctiva; the reaction occurs even when the nerve fibre has been sectioned and thus isolated from the nervous centres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axon terminals | The somewhat enlarged, often club-shaped endings by which axons make synaptic contacts with other nerve cells or with effector cells (muscle or gland cells). As isolated, by homogenizing brain or spinal cord, they contain acetylcholine and the related enzymes. Terminals contain neurotransmitters of various kinds, sometimes more than one. These can be demonstrated by chemical analysis and immunocytochemical methods. See: synapse. Synonym: axonal terminal boutons, end-feet, neuropodia, pieds terminaux, synaptic boutons, synaptic endings, synaptic terminals, terminal boutons, bouton terminaux. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axonal | Pertaining to an axon. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axonal degeneration | A type of peripheral nerve fibre response to insult, wherein axon death and subsequent breakdown occurs, with secondary breakdown of the myelin sheath associated; caused by focal injury to peripheral nerve fibres; often referred to as wallerian degeneration. Synonym: axon degeneration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axonal guidance | <cell biology> General term for mechanisms that ensure correct projections by nerve cells in developing and regenerating nervous systems. Implies accurate navigation by growth cones, the highly motile tips of growing neuronal processes. See: growth cone collapse. (12 Mar 1998) |
| axonal polyneuropathy | A type of polyneuropathy in which axon degeneration is the sole/predominant feature; many aetiologies, particularly toxic and metabolic; on nerve conduction studies, affects amplitudes of the responses, but does not cause conduction slowing or block. Synonym: axonal polyneuropathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axonal process | An obsolete term for axon. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axial skeleton |
The part of the skeleton along the central axis of the body: vertebral column, pelvis, and thorax.
출처: www.modernhumanorigins.com/a.html
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| axillary |
Of or pertaining to the armpit.
출처: www.modernhumanorigins.com/a.html
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| axon |
The nerve fiber that carries an impulse from the nerve cell to a target, and also carries materials from the nerve terminals back to the nerve cell.
출처: members.tripod.com/~cripkorner/glossary.html
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| axillary |
placed in the crotch or angle of the origin of two bodies; arising from the angles of ramification.
출처: www.biology.lsu.edu/heydrjay/ThomasSay/terms.html
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| axon |
The part of the nerve cell that carries outgoing messages from the cell body to other cells.
출처: www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/BN/00023.html
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