| antigen u. |
in complement fixation tests, the smallest amount of antigen that will fix one unit of complement.
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| antigen-antibody c. |
the complex formed by the noncovalent binding of an antibody and an antigen. Complexes of antibodies belonging to certain immunoglobulin classes may activate complement. Antigen-antibody complexes are mediators of Type III immune responses (Arthus reactions, serum sickness, and immune complex diseases). Called also immune c., particularly in discussing disease processes.
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| antigen-antibody r. |
the reversible binding of antigen to homologous antibody brought about by the formation of weak bonds between antigenic determinants on antigen molecules and antigen binding sites on immunoglobulin molecules. Certain effects, e.g., precipitation and agglutination reactions and viral neutralization, result from the binding itself; other effects, e.g., complement activation and opsonization, result from conformational changes that occur in immunoglobulin molecules with antigen binding and enable them to interact with complement proteins and Fc receptors on phagocytes.
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| antigen-binding s. |
the region of the immunoglobulin molecule that binds to antigens; there is one such site on each of the two Fab regions of each immunoglobulin monomer.
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| antigen-presenting c.’s |
a group of dendritic cells arising in the bone marrow and migrating to other body sites; their function seems to be the retention of antigens on their surfaces for presentation to the lymphocytes, thereby inducing an immune response. The group includes follicular dendritic cells, interdigitating cells, Langerhans cells, and veil cells.
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