| retinal ganglion cells | Cells of the innermost nuclear layer of the retina, the ganglion cell layer, which project axons through the optic nerve to the brain. They are quite variable in size and in the shapes of their dendritic arbors, which are generally confined to the inner plexiform layer. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| Goormaghtigh's cells | Cell's, located at the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle that secrete renin and form a component of the juxtaglomerular complex; they are modified smooth muscle cell's primarily of the afferent arteriole of the renal glomerulus. Synonym: Goormaghtigh's cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| merkel cells | Nondendritic, nonkeratinocytic epithelial clear cells normally found in the epidermis and dermis of mammals and humans. They are believed to be of neuroendocrine origin and function as a specific slowly adapting sensory touch receptor. The merkel cell was first described by friedrich sigmund merkel, german anatomist in 1875. (12 Dec 1998) |
| granule cells | Small nerve cell bodies in the external and internal granular layers of the cerebral cortex, small nerve cell bodies in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mesenchymal cells | Fusiform or stellate cell's found between the ectoderm and endoderm of young embryos; the shape of the cell's in fixed material is indicative of the fact that in life they were moving from their place of origin to areas where they would become reaggregated and specialised; most mesenchymal cell's are derived from established mesodermal layers, but in the cephalic region they also develop from neural crest or neural tube ectoderm; they are the most strikingly pluripotential cell's in the embryonic body, developing at different locations into any of the types of connective or supporting tissues, to smooth muscle, to vascular endothelium, and to blood cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| granulosa cells | Cells of the membrana granulosa lining the vesicular ovarian follicle which become luteal cells after ovulation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| granulosa lutein cells | Cell's derived from the membrana granulosa of a mature ovarian follicle that secrete both oestrogen and progesterone, and form the major component of the corpus luteum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chief cells, gastric | Epithelial cells that line the basal half of the gastric glands. Chief cells synthesise and secrete pepsinogen, a precursor of the enzyme pepsin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mesoglial cells | Neuroglial cells of mesodermal origin. See: microglia. Synonym: mesoglial cells. Origin: meso-+ G. Glia, glue (05 Mar 2000) |
| great alveolar cells | Cuboidal cell's connected with the squamous pulmonary alveolar cell's and having in their cytoplasm lamellated bodies (cytosomes) that represent the source of the surfactant that coats the alveoli. Synonym: granular pneumonocytes, type II cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| peritubular contractile cells | Flattened smooth muscle-like cell's of mesodermal origin that lie just outside the basal lamina of the seminiferous tubule. Synonym: peritubular contractile cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Rieder cells | Abnormal myeloblasts (12 to 20 um in diameter) in which the nucleus may be widely and deeply indented (i.e., suggestive of lobulation), or may actually be a bi-or multi-lobate structure; such cell's are frequently observed in acute leukaemia, and probably represent a more rapid maturation of the nucleus than that of the cytoplasm. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cho cells | Cell line derived from the ovary of the chinese hamster, cricetulus griseus. The species is a favourite for cytogenetic studies because of its small chromosome number. The cell line has provided model systems for the study of genetic alterations in cultured mammalian cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Rindfleisch's cells | An obsolete eponym for eosinophilic leukocyte. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gustatory cells | Darkly staining cell's in a taste bud that appear to have extending into the gustatory pore long hair-like microvilli containing a number of closely packed microtubules; the taste cell's stand in synaptic contact with sensory nerve fibres of the facial, glossopharyngeal, or vagus nerves. Synonym: gustatory cells. (05 Mar 2000) |