| TCA | T-cell A locus; terminal cancer; tetracyclic antidepressant; total cholic acid; total circulating al... |
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| TCC | terminal complement complex; thromboplastic cell component; transitional-cell carcinoma; trichloroca... |
| TCNV | terminal contingent negative variation |
| TD | tabes dorsalis; tardive dyskinesia; T-cell dependent; temporary disability; terminal device; tetanus... |
| TDLU | terminal ductal lobular unit |
| terminal thread | A long, slender connective tissue (pia mater) strand extending from the extremity of the medullary cone to the internal aspect of the spinal dural sac (filum terminale internum); stout strands of connective tissue attaching the spinal dural sac to the coccyx (filum terminale externum), commonly called the coccygeal ligament. Synonym: filum terminale, nervus impar, terminal thread. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| terminal transferase | <enzyme> An enzyme adds a particular nucleotide to the 3' end of DNAstrands. (09 Oct 1997) |
| terminal transferases | Enzymes that covalently add nucleotides to the 3' end of polynucleic acids; e.g., DNA nucleotidylexotransferase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| terminal vein | <anatomy, vein> A long vein passing forward in the groove between the thalamus and caudate nucleus, covered by the lamina affixa, receiving the transverse caudate veins along its lateral side, and joining at the caudal wall of Monro's foramen with the choroidal vein and vein of septum pellucidum to form the internal cerebral vein. Synonym: vena terminalis, vena thalamostriata superior, terminal vein, vein of corpus striatum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| terminal ventricle | A dilation of the central canal of the spinal cord at the tip of the medullary cone. Synonym: ventriculus terminalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| terminal web | <cell biology> The cytoplasmic region at the base of microvilli in intestinal epithelial cells, a region rich in microfilaments from the microvillar core and from adherens junctions, in myosin and in other proteins characteristic of an actomyosin motor system. (13 Jan 1998) |
| termino-terminal anastomosis | An operation by which the central end of an artery is connected with the peripheral end of the corresponding vein, and the peripheral end of the artery with the central end of the vein. (05 Mar 2000) |
| functional terminal innervation ratio | The number of muscle fibres divided by the number of axons that innervate them. (05 Mar 2000) |
| long-terminal repeat | <molecular biology> Identical DNA sequences, several hundred nucleotides long, found at either end of transposons and the proviral DNA, formed by reverse transcription of retroviral RNA. They are thought to have an essential role in integrating the transposon or provirus into the host DNA. Long terminal repeats have inverted repeats, that is, sequences close to either end are identical when read in opposite directions. In proviruses the upstream long-terminal repeat acts as a promoter and enhancer and the downstream long-terminal repeat as a polyadenylation site. Acronym: LTR (15 Nov 1997) |
| long terminal repeat sequences | Regions of the RNA genome associated with regulation, integration, and expression of retroviruses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| accelerated phase of leukaemia | Refers to chronic myelogenous leukaemia that is progressing. The number of immature, abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow and blood is higher than in the chronic phase, but not as high as in the blast phase. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acceleration phase | <cell biology, cell culture> A period of increasing growth before the log phase in a culture of microbes. After the culture is started on a medium, at first there is no growth (the lag phase) and then the microbes start to gradually grow (acceleration phase) until they reach a constant maximum rate of growth (log phase). (15 Jan 1998) |
| acute-phase protein | <haematology> These plasma proteins (in addition to fibrinogen) increase 25% or more in response to inflammation and injury are under direct control of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (hepatocyte-stimulating factor). Other proteins which increase are ceruloplasmin, C3 and C4 which increase 50% or more; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, alpha-1 antitrypsin, haptoglobin and fibrinogen (the major determinant of viscosity 1 ) which increase two- to fourfold; C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A which increase several hundred-fold. Despite long-held clinical opinion to the contrary, available data indicate that neither ESR nor measurement of specific acute-phase reactants are useful in excluding underlying infection or inflammation regardless of the pretest probability. These proteins are secreted into the blood in increased or decreased quantities by hepatocytes in response to trauma, inflammation, or disease. They can serve as inhibitors or mediators of the inflammatory processes. Certain acute-phase proteins have been used to diagnose and follow the course of diseases or as tumour markers. See also: amyloid, c-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, viscosity. (25 Jun 1999) |
| acute-phase reaction | <immunology, rheumatology> Refers to the changes in synthesis of certain proteins within the serum during an inflammatory response, which provides rapid protection for the host against microorganisms via non-specific defense mechanisms. It consists of fever, an increase in inflammatory humoral factors, and an increased synthesis by hepatocytes of a number of proteins or glycoproteins usually found in the plasma; the reaction is mediated by endogenous pyrogens, the hypothalamus, adrenal hormones, and other factors. (12 Jul 2000) |
| anal phase | In psychoanalytic personality theory, the stage of psychosexual development, occurring when a child is between 1 and 3 years, during which activities, interests, and concerns are centreed around the anal zone. (05 Mar 2000) |