| receptors, calcitonin gene-related peptide | Cell surface proteins that bind calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Cgrp receptors are present in both the central nervous system and the periphery and are not the same as calcitonin receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| recessive gene | A gene that is expressed onlywhen it is present in two copies or if theother copy is missing. (09 Oct 1997) |
| marker gene | Gene that confers some readily detectable phenotype on cells carrying the gene, either in culture or in transgenic or chimeric organisms. Gene could be an enzymic reporter gene, a selectable marker conferring antibiotic resistance or a cell membrane protein with a characteristic epitope. (18 Nov 1997) |
| germ line gene therapy | The repair or replacement of a defective gene within the gamete-forming tissues, which produces an inheritable change in an organisms genetic constitution. (09 Oct 1997) |
| catabolite gene activator | catabolite (gene) activator protein |
| catabolite gene activator protein | <molecular biology, protein> A regulatory protein that triggers the transcription of genes that generate the enzymes bacteria need to usenutrients when glucose isabsent. (16 Mar 1998) |
| catabolite (gene) activator protein | A protein that can be activated by cAMP, whereupon it affects the action of RNA polymerase by binding it with it or near it on the DNA to be transcribed. Synonym: cAMP receptor protein, catabolite gene activator. (05 Mar 2000) |
| maternal effect gene | Gene, usually required for early embryonic development, whose product is secreted into the egg by the mother. The phenotype is thus determined by the mother's, rather than the egg's, genotype. Compare:. Zygotic effect gene. See: egg polarity gene. (18 Nov 1997) |
| mating type gene | Genes that, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae specify into which of the two mating types (a and _) a particular cell falls. Only unlike mating type haploids will fuse. The interest derives from the way in which mating type is switched, the existing gene is removed and a new gene, derived from a (silent) master copy elsewhere in the genome is spliced in. Later this gene will in its turn be replaced by a new copy of the old gene, also derived from a silent master. The a and _ genes code for pheromones that affect cells of the opposite mating type. Similar mating type genes are known from other yeasts and the switching mechanism (cassette mechanism) may be used more generally. (18 Nov 1997) |
| V gene | v region |
| PAS gene | <genetics, molecular biology> Genes essential for the biogenesis and proliferation of peroxisomes in yeast (s. Cerevisiae). PAS1 codes for a rather hydrophilic 117 kD protein with two ATP binding sites and similarity with some ATPases, PAS2 codes for a 183 residue polypeptide that seems to be a member of the ubiquitin conjugating protein family, PAS3 codes for a 48 kD integral membrane protein that may be part of the import machinery. (18 Nov 1997) |
| regulator gene | A gene that produces a repressor substance that inhibits an operator gene when combined with it. It thus prevents production of a specific enzyme. When the enzyme is again in demand, a specific regulatory metabolite inhibits the repressor substance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| regulatory gene | A gene that codes for a repressor protein. (09 Oct 1997) |
| cc-ckr-5 gene | A gene which encodes a protein (also called CC-CKR-5) embedded in the surface of immune cells. The HIV virus (the virus which causes AIDS) uses the protein to invade the immune cells. People who have one mutated and one working copy of this gene take longer to develop AIDS after infection with HIV than people who have two working copies of the gene. People who have mutations in both copies of this gene are resistant to HIV infection. (09 Oct 1997) |
| globin gene | <molecular biology> One of a group of genes which codes for a respiratory globin protein. These are found in many animals including humans. (09 Oct 1997) |