| inferior rectal nerves | Several branches of the pudendal nerve that pass to the external and sphincter anoderm and skin of the anal region. Synonym: nervi rectales inferiores, inferior haemorrhoidal nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| inferior vesical nerves | <anatomy> Several small nerve's once considered to pass from the pudendal plexus to the bladder. (obsolete) (05 Mar 2000) |
| intercostal nerves | The ventral rami of the thoracic nerves from segments t1 through t11. The intercostal nerves supply motor and sensory innervation to the thorax and abdomen. The skin and muscles supplied by a given pair are called, respectively, a dermatome and a myotome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| intercostobrachial nerves | Lateral cutaneous branches of the second and third intercostal nerves which pass to the skin of the medial side of the arm. Synonym: nervi intercostobrachiales, intercostohumeral nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intercostohumeral nerves | Lateral cutaneous branches of the second and third intercostal nerves which pass to the skin of the medial side of the arm. Synonym: nervi intercostobrachiales, intercostohumeral nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory nerves | Collective term denoting the numerous olfactory filaments: slender fascicles each composed of the thin, unmyelinated axons of 8 to 12 of the bipolar olfactory receptor cells in the olfactory portion of the nasal mucosa; the olfactory filaments pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone and enter the olfactory bulb, where they terminate in synaptic contact with mitral cells, tufted cells, and granule cells. See: olfactory tract. Synonym: nervi olfactorii, fila olfactoria, first cranial nerve, nerve of smell, olfactory fila. (05 Mar 2000) |
| terminal nerves | Delicate plexiform nerve strands passing parallel and medial to the olfactory tracts, distributing peripherally with the olfactory nerves and passing centrally into the anterior perforated substance; they are considered to have an autonomic function but the exact nature of this is unknown. Synonym: terminal nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| thoracic cardiac nerves | Part of the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves from the second to fifth segments of the thoracic sympathetic trunk that pass medially and anteriorly to enter the cardiac plexus; they convey postsynaptic sympathetic fibres to, and visceral afferent (pain) fibres from, the heart. Synonym: nervi cardiaci thoracici, upper thoracic splanchnic nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| thoracic nerves | The twelve pairs of spinal nerves that arise from the thoracic segments of the spinal cord, each pair leaving the vertebral column below the correspondingly numbered vertebra. They innervate the body wall of the thorax and abdomen. (12 Dec 1998) |
| thoracic splanchnic nerves | Splanchnic nerves arising from the thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunks; the upper thoracic splanchnic nerves (from T1 to T4 or 5) pass to viscera above the diaphragm (mainly heart and lungs) and so are cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves; the lower thoracic splanchnic nerves form the greater, lesser, and lowest splanchnic nerves and supply viscera below the level of the diaphragm, and so are abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| thoracoabdominal nerves | The ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T7-T11 (seventh to eleventh intercostal nerves), which supply the abdominal as well as the thoracic wall; innervate intercostal, subcostal, serratus posterior inferior, transversus abdominis, external and internal oblique, and rectus abdominis muscles, and provide sensory branches to the periphery of the diaphragm, and parietal pleura and peritoneum. Synonym: rami cutanei anteriores pectoralis et abdominalis nervorum intercostalium, ramus cutaneus anterior (pectoralis et abdominalis) nervorum thoracicorum, anterior cutaneous nerves of abdomen, pectoral and abdominal anterior cutaneous branch of intercostal nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| external carotid nerves | A number of sympathetic nerve fibres conveyed via the cephalic arterial ramus of the sympathetic trunk which extends from the superior cervical ganglion to the external carotid artery, forming the external carotid plexus. Synonym: nervi carotici externi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| upper thoracic splanchnic nerves | Part of the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves from the second to fifth segments of the thoracic sympathetic trunk that pass medially and anteriorly to enter the cardiac plexus; they convey postsynaptic sympathetic fibres to, and visceral afferent (pain) fibres from, the heart. Synonym: nervi cardiaci thoracici, upper thoracic splanchnic nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| laryngeal nerves | Branches of the vagus nerve (the tenth cranial nerve). The superior laryngeal nerves originate near the nodose ganglion and separate into external branches, which supply motor fibres to the cricothyroid muscles, and internal branches, which carry sensory fibres. The recurrent (inferior) laryngeal nerve originates more caudally and carries efferents to all muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid. The laryngeal nerves and their various branches also carry sensory and autonomic fibres to the laryngeal, pharyngeal, tracheal, and cardiac regions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lateral cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves | Branches arising in approximately the anterior axillary line at the level of the second through sixth intercostal spaces. Synonym: rami mammarii laterales nervorum intercostalium, lateral cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |