| bone Gla protein | <protein> Polypeptide of 50 residues formed from a 76-77 amino acid precursor and found in the extracellular matrix of bone. Binds hydroxyapatite. Has limited homology of its leader sequence with that of other Vitamin K dependent proteins such as prothrombin, Factors IX and X and Protein C. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| bone graft | Bone transplanted from a donor site to a recipient site. See: osteoplasty. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone infarct | An area of bone tissue that has become necrotic as a result of loss of its arterial blood supply. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone island | <radiology> Small, intramedullary island of compact bone, usually negative on bone scan, shaggy, slightly stellate border, Differential diagnosis: osteoid osteoma, multiple leading to osteopoikilosis (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone lengthening | Increase in the longest dimension of a bone to correct anatomical deficiencies, congenital, traumatic, or as a result of disease. The lengthening is not restricted to long bones. The usual surgical methods are internal fixation and distraction. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone malalignment | Displacement of bones out of line in relation to joints. It may be congenital or traumatic in origin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone marrow | <haematology> The soft, spongy tissue found in the centre of most large bones that produces the cellular components of blood: white cells, red cells and platelets (haemopoiesis). It is also the most radiation sensitive tissue of the body. (12 May 1997) |
| bone marrow aspirate | <procedure> A small volume of bone marrow removed under local or general anaesthetic from either the hip bone (pelvis) or breast bone (sternum). The cells in the sample can then be examined under the microscope to identify any abnormality in the developing blood cells. (13 Nov 1997) |
| bone marrow aspiration | <procedure> Procedure used to remove a sample of bone marrow, usually from the rear hip bone, for examination under the microscope. (16 Dec 1997) |
| bone marrow biopsy | <procedure> A test involving the insertion of a thin needle into the breastbone or more commonly, the hip, in order to aspirate a sample of the marrow. A small piece of cortical bone may also be obtained for biopsy. Anaemia of unknown cause is often investigated using this test. (27 Sep 1997) |
| bone marrow biopsy and aspiration | <procedure> A procedure in which a needle is inserted into the centre of a bone, usually the hip, to remove a small amount of bone marrow for microscopic examination. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bone marrow cells | The fat cells (adipocytes), large nucleated cells or myelocytes, and giant cells called megakaryocytes, filling the meshes making up the bone marrow, a meshwork of connective tissue containing branching fibres. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone marrow dose | The cumulative dose to the blood-forming organ from therapeutic or nuclear fallout irradiation; the presumed leukemogenic dose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone marrow embolism | Obstruction of a vessel by bone marrow, usually following fracture of a bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone marrow examination | Removal of bone marrow and evaluation of its histologic picture. (12 Dec 1998) |