| NFMD | National Foundation for Muscular Dystrophy |
|---|---|
| NMA | National Malaria Association; National Medical Association; neurogenic muscular atrophy; N-nitroso-N... |
| PMA | index of prevalence and severity of gingivitis, where P = papillary gingiva, M = marginal gingiva, a... |
| PMD | Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease; posterior mandibular depth; primary myocardial disease; private medici... |
| PMR | patient meta-record; perinatal mortality rate; periodic medical review; physical medicine and rehabi... |
| back of foot reflex | The foot being firmly supported on its inner side, a sharp tap on the dorsal tendons causes extension of the second to the fifth toes. Synonym: back of foot reflex, dorsum of foot reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Bainbridge reflex | An increase in heart rate caused by a rise in pressure of the blood in the right atrium due to increased flow and/or pressure in the great veins at its entrance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Barkman's reflex | Contraction of the ipsilateral rectus muscle in response to a stimulus applied to the skin below a nipple. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal joint reflex | Opposition and adduction of the thumb with flexion at its metacarpophalangeal joint and extension at its interphalangeal joint, when firm passive flexion of the third, fourth, or fifth finger is made; the reflex is present normally but is absent in pyramidal lesions. Synonym: finger-thumb reflex, Mayer's reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bechterew-Mendel reflex | Percussion of the dorsum of the foot causes flexion of the toes; present in a pyramidal lesion. Synonym: dorsum pedis reflex, Mendel-Bechterew reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| behaviour reflex | A reflex that is gradually developed by training and association through the frequent repetition of a definite stimulus. See: conditioning. Synonym: acquired reflex, behaviour reflex, trained reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Benedek's reflex | <neurology, physiology> Plantar flexion of the foot by tapping the anterior margin of the lower part of the fibula, while the foot is slightly dorsiflexed. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bezold-Jarisch reflex | A reflex with afferent and efferent pathways in the vagus, originating in unidentified chemoreceptors in the heart and resulting in sinus bradycardia, hypotension, and probable peripheral vasodilation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biceps femoris reflex | Contraction of the biceps femoris upon tapping its lower part, just above its attachment to the head of the fibula, while the limb is partly flexed at hip and knee. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biceps reflex | Contraction of the biceps muscle when its tendon is struck. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bing's reflex | When the foot is passively dorsiflexed, plantar flexion occurs if any point on the ankle between the two malleoli is tapped. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bladder reflex | Contraction of the walls of the bladder and relaxation of the trigone and urethral sphincter in response to a rise in pressure within the bladder; the reflex can be voluntarily inhibited and the inhibition readily abolished to control micturition. Synonym: bladder reflex, urinary reflex, vesical reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone reflex | A reflex excited by a stimulus applied to a bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| brachioradial reflex | With the arm supinated to 45 |
| Brain's reflex | Extension of the arm of a hemiplegic patient when turned prone as if on all fours. Synonym: Brain's reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |