| AAMD | American Association on Mental Deficiency; 미국 정신 박약 협회 |
|---|---|
| AAMD-ABS | American Association on Mental Deficiency-Adaptive Behavior Scale; 미국 정신 박약 협회 적응 행동 척도... |
| AIDS | Acquired Immuno(Immune)-Deficiency Syndrome; 후천성 면역 결핍 증후군 |
| IDA | 1) Imino-Diacetic Acid 2) Iron Deficiency Anemia &nb... |
| IGHD | Idiopathic Growth Hormone Deficiency |
| magnesium deficiency | Can occur due to inadequate intake or impaired intestinal absorption of magnesium. Low magnesium (hypomagnesaemia) is often associated with low calcium (hypocalcaemia) and low potassium (hypokalaemia). Deficiency of magnesium causes increased irritability of the nervous system with tetany (spasms of the hands and feet, muscular twitching and cramps, spasm of the larynx, etc.). According to the national academy of sciences, the recommended dietary allowances of magnesium are 420 milligrams per day for men and 320 milligrams per day for women. The upper limit of magnesium as supplements is 350 milligrams daily, in addition to the magnesium from food and water. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| glucocerebrosidase deficiency | Causes Gaucher's disease (type 1), a progressive genetic disease due to an enzyme defect. The enzyme, glucocerebrosidase, is needed to break down the chemical glucocerebroside. The enzyme defect in persons with Gaucher's disease (GD) leads to the accumulation of glucocerebroside in the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes. The most common early sign is enlargement of the spleen (located in the upper left abdomen). Other signs include low red blood cell counts (anaemia), a decrease in blood clotting cells (platelets), increased pigmentation of the skin, and a yellow fatty spot on the white of the eye (a pinguecula). Severe bone involvement can lead to pain and collapse of the bone of the hips, shoulders, and spine. The GD gene is on chromosome 1. The disease is a recessive trait. Both parents carry a GD gene and transmit it for their child with the disease. The parents' risk of a child with the disease is 1 in 4 with each pregnancy. This type of Gaucher's disease (noncerebral juvenile Gaucher's disease) is most common in Ashkenazi Jews (of European origin) and is the most common genetic disease among Jews in the United States. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glucose-6-dehydrogenase deficiency | <biochemistry> An inherited condition that results in a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Particular drugs (sulphonamides) can exacerbate this problem. The result is haemolytic anaemia. (27 Sep 1997) |
| cellular immunity deficiency syndrome | <syndrome> A syndrome marked by increased susceptibility to infection, especially to viral infection, associated with defective functioning of the mechanism responsible for acquired immunity of the cell-mediated kind. See: immunodeficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency | A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, an enzyme important for maintaining cellular concentrations of reduced nucleotides. Deficiency of this enzyme is the commonest disease-causing enzyme defect in humans affecting an estimated 400 million people. The gene for this enzyme is on the X chromosome and there are various polymorphic forms. Males with the enzyme deficiency develop haemolytic anaemia when red blood cells are exposed to oxidant drugs such as the antimalarial primaquine, the sulfonamide antibiotics or sulfones, naphthalene moth balls, or fava beans. It can also cause anaemia of the newborn, and chronic nonspherocytic haemolytic anaemia. Inheritance: X-linked. (12 Sep 2002) |
| glucosephosphate dehydrogenase deficiency | A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of enzyme activity in erythrocytes, leading to haemolytic anaemia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glucosephosphate isomerase deficiency | <enzyme> An enzyme deficiency characterised by chronic nonspherocytic haemolytic anaemia; autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: phosphohexose isomerase deficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutathione synthetase deficiency | An inborn error of metabolism associated with massive urinary excretion of 5-oxyproline, elevated levels of 5-oxyproline in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, severe metabolic acidosis, tendency toward haemolysis, and defective central nervous systems function. Glutathione synthetase deficiency has been reported as a generalised condition or with a deficiency restricted to erythrocytes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mental deficiency | Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period and is associated with impairment of one or more of the following: (1) maturation, (2) learning, (3) social adjustment. (12 Dec 1998) |
| riboflavin deficiency | A dietary deficiency of riboflavin causing a syndrome chiefly marked by cheilitis, angular stomatitis, glossitis associated with a purplish red or magenta-coloured tongue that may show fissures, corneal vascularization, dyssebacia, and anaemia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| choline deficiency | A condition produced by a deficiency of choline in animals. Choline is known as a lipotropic agent because it has been shown to promote the transport of excess fat from the liver under certain conditions in laboratory animals. Combined deficiency of choline (included in the b vitamin complex) and all other methyl group donors causes liver cirrhosis in some animals. Unlike compounds normally considered as vitamins, choline does not serve as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| phosphohexose isomerase deficiency | <enzyme> An enzyme deficiency characterised by chronic nonspherocytic haemolytic anaemia; autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: phosphohexose isomerase deficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| placental sulfatase deficiency | <enzyme> An enzyme defect in the placenta which results in failure of conversion of 16a-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone to estriol; women with this condition rarely enter into spontaneous labour. (05 Mar 2000) |
| platelet storage pool deficiency | A group of disorders characterised by a decrease or lack of platelet dense bodies in which the releasable pool of adenine nucleotides and 5ht are normally stored. (12 Dec 1998) |
| congenital antithrombin III deficiency | Antithrombin III is a protein which stimulates the removal of blood clots in the bloodstream. Small blood clots form normally within the bloodstream, but are normally dissolved via the bodys antithrombin III. The deficiency of antithrombin III will result in an increased risk for blood clot formation causing organ damage. This is an inherited as a autosomal dominant trait. Inheritance: autosomal dominant. (27 Sep 1997) |