| UR | unconditioned reflex; upper respiratory; uridine; urinal; urology; utilization review |
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| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome; adult respiratory distress syndrome |
| CRD | carbohydrate-recognition domain; chronic renal disease; chronic respiratory disease; child restraint... |
| IRDS | idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome; infant respiratory distress syndrome |
| MRV | minute respiratory volume; mixed respiratory vaccine |
| food infection | Microbial infection resulting from ingestion of contaminated food. (09 Oct 1997) |
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| force of infection | <epidemiology> The per capita rate at which susceptibles are infected. (05 Dec 1998) |
| latent infection | An asymptomatic infection capable of manifesting symptoms under particular circumstances or if activated. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fungal infection | 1. (groin) Tinea cruris is a fungal infection of the perineum, better known as jock itch. This condition is often treated with clotrimazole or miconazole cream. Good general hygiene is vital in the prevention of tinea cruris. Keep the groin area clean and dry and avoid chafing. Launder athletic supporters frequently. Use an antifungal or drying powder after showering. 2. (nail) A fungal infection that involves the fingernails. Nails generally split, flake and grow too thick. 3. (scalp): A fungal scalp infection also known as tinea capitis. A crusting and scaly lesion of the scalp that can also be associated with localised hair loss. Treatment requires oral (systemic) antifungal medications. (05 Jan 1998) |
| fungal nail infection | The most common fungus infection of the nail is onychomycosis. Onychomycosis makes the nails look white and opaque, thickened, and brittle. Older women (perhaps because oestrogen deficiency may increase the risk of infection) and men and women with diabetes or disease of the small blood vessels (peripheral vacscular disease) are at increased risk. Artificial nails (acrylic or wraps ) increase the risk because when an artificial nail is applied, the nail surface is usually abraded with an emery board damaging it, emery boards can carry infection, and water can collect under the nail creating a moist, warm environment for fungal growth. Alternative names include tinea unguium and ringworm of the nails. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lysogenic infection | An infective process characterised by the incorporation of the DNA of the infecting phage into the host cell chromosome. Once incorporated, the phage DNA replicates along with the host DNA. The incorporated phage DNA is relatively inactive, thus permitting the host cell to continue fairly normal life processes. (14 Nov 1997) |
| lytic infection | The normal cycle of infection of a cell by a virus or bacteriophage, in which mature virus or phage particles are produced and the cell is then lysed. (18 Nov 1997) |
| acute respiratory failure | Loss of pulmonary function either acute or chronic that results in hypoxaemia or hypercarbia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adult respiratory distress syndrome | <chest medicine, syndrome> A clinical syndrome that includes pulmonary insufficiency. It is a descriptive term that is applied to a variety of diffuse infiltrative processes in the lung. Manifestations include severe shortness of breath, rapid breathing and arterial hypoxaemia (low oxygen). Chest X-ray shows bilateral diffuse infiltrates. Treatment most often includes mechanical respiratory support. Causes include toxic gas (chlorine, NO2, smoke) exposure, severe metabolic derangement, gastric acid aspiration, pancreatitis, sepsis and trauma. Acronym: ARDS (12 Jul 2000) |
| alkalosis, respiratory | A state due to excess loss of carbon dioxide from the body. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anti-allergic and respiratory system agents | A collective term for drugs used to treat allergic reactions as well as those drugs that produce an effect on the respiratory system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Bell's respiratory nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Arises from the fifth, sixth, and seventh cervical nerves (roots of brachial plexus), descends the neck behind the brachial plexus, and is distributed to the serratus anterior muscle; it is somewhat unusual in that it courses on the superficial aspect of the muscle is supplies; its paralysis results in "winged scapula". Synonym: nervus thoracicus longus, Bell's respiratory nerve, external respiratory nerve of Bell, posterior thoracic nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus | A pneumovirus causing an emerging disease in young cattle characterised by pneumonia, interstitial pulmonary oedema, and emphysema; sheep are also susceptible to the virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rate, respiratory | The number of breaths per minute (or, more formally, the number of movements indicative of inspiration and expiration per unit time). In practice, the respiratory rate is usually determined by counting the number of times the chest rises (or falls) per minute. By whatever means, the aim is to determine if the respirations are normal, abnormally fast (tachypnea), abnormally slow (technically termed bradypnea), or nonexistent (apnea). (12 Dec 1998) |
| Gierke's respiratory bundle | A slender, compact fibre bundle extending longitudinally through the dorsolateral region of the medullary tegmentum, surrounded by the nucleus of the solitary tract, below the obex decussating over the central canal, and descending over some distance into the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord. It is composed of primary sensory fibres that enter with the vagus, glossopharyngeal, and facial nerves, and in part convey information from stretch receptors and chemoreceptors in the walls of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and intestinal tracts; in rostral parts of the tract impulses are generated by the receptor cells of the taste buds in the mucosa of the tongue. Its fibres are distributed to the nucleus of the solitary tract. Synonym: tractus solitarius, fasciculus rotundus, fasciculus solitarius, funiculus solitarius, Gierke's respiratory bundle, Krause's respiratory bundle, round fasciculus, solitary bundle, solitary fasciculus. (05 Mar 2000) |