| central vein of suprarenal gland | The single draining vein of the gland; it receives a number of medullary veins; on the right side it empties directly into the inferior vena cava and on the left into the left renal vein. Synonym: vena centralis glandulae suprarenalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| central veins of liver | The terminal branches of the hepatic veins that lie centrally in the hepatic lobules and receive blood from the liver sinusoids. Synonym: venae centrales hepatis, Krukenberg's veins. (05 Mar 2000) |
| central venous catheter | <equipment> Small, flexible plastic tube inserted into the large vein above the heart, through which drugs and blood products can be given and blood samples withdrawn painlessly. Synonym: central line, Hickman catheter. (12 Jan 1998) |
| central venous pressure | The venous pressure as measured at the right atrium, done by means of a catheter introduced through the median cubital vein to the superior vena cava, the distal end of the catheter being attached to a manometer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| central vision | Vision stimulated by an object imaged on the fovea centralis. Synonym: direct vision. (05 Mar 2000) |
| peripherally inserted central catheter | <equipment> A catheter inserted into an arm vein and used for periods of up to three months. This catheter does not need to be surgically implanted and can be inserted at home by a trained nurse. (09 Oct 1997) |
| muscle, central core disease of | One of the conditions that produces 'floppy baby' syndrome. Ccd causes hypotonia (inadequately toned muscles characterised by floppiness) in the newborn baby, slowly progressive muscle weakness, and muscle cramps after exercise. Muscle biopsy shows a key diagnostic finding (absent mitochondria in the centre of many type i muscle fibres). Ccd is inherited as a dominant trait. The ccd gene is on chromosome 19 (and involves ryanodine receptor-1). (12 Dec 1998) |
| muscle relaxants, central | A heterogeneous group of drugs used to produce muscle relaxation, excepting the neuromuscular blocking agents. They have their primary clinical and therapeutic uses in the treatment of muscle spasm and immobility associated with strains, sprains, and injuries of the back and, to a lesser degree, injuries to the neck. They have been used also for the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions that have in common only the presence of skeletal muscle hyperactivity, for example, the muscle spasms that can occur in multiple sclerosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| myelinolysis, central pontine | A form of massive demyelination of the pons occurring in malnutrition and alcoholism. The remarkable unsystematic dissolution of the sheaths of medullated fibres is its most certain feature. The lesion varies from only a few millimeters in diameter to almost the entire pons. The basic pathology is the destruction of the medullated sheaths throughout the lesions with relative sparing of the axis cylinders and intactness of the nerve cells of the pontine nuclei. Pathologically it is easily differentiated from infarction and the inflammatory demyelinations of multiple sclerosis and postinfectious encephalomyelitis. There does not appear to be a genetic, sex, or age factor. It is often, however, associated with some other serious disease, particularly chronic alcoholism. (adams & victor, principles of neurology, 2d ed, p720) (12 Dec 1998) |
| posterior central convolution | The anterior convolution of the parietal lobe, bounded in front by the central sulcus (fissure of Rolando) and posteriorly by the interparietal sulcus. Synonym: gyrus postcentralis, ascending parietal convolution, ascending parietal gyrus, posterior central convolution, posterior central gyrus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior central gyrus | The anterior convolution of the parietal lobe, bounded in front by the central sulcus (fissure of Rolando) and posteriorly by the interparietal sulcus. Synonym: gyrus postcentralis, ascending parietal convolution, ascending parietal gyrus, posterior central convolution, posterior central gyrus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterolateral central arteries | The circumflex mesencephalic branches, several small branches of the postcommunical part of the posterior cerebral artery distributed to the lateral posterior part of the midbrain. Synonym: arteriae centrales posterolaterales. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posteromedial central arteries | The interpeduncular perforating branches, several small branches from the precommunical part of the posterior cerebral artery supplying the posterior medial part of the midbrain. Synonym: arteriae centrales posteromediales. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hearing loss, central | Hearing loss due to central nervous system disease, anywhere in the auditory pathways from the cochlear nucleus of the pons to the auditory cortex. (12 Dec 1998) |
| short central artery | <anatomy, artery> A branch of the precommunical part of the anterior cerebral artery. Synonym: arteria centralis brevis. (05 Mar 2000) |