| LGMD | limb-girdle muscular dystrophy |
|---|---|
| MDFD | map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy |
| MDP | manic-depressive psychosis; maximum diastolic potential; maximum digital pulse; methylene diphosphat... |
| MDPK | myotonic dystrophy protein kinase |
| MMD | mass median diameter; minimum morbidostatic dose; moyamoya disease; myotonic muscular dystrophy |
| Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy | A generally benign type of muscular dystrophy, with onset in childhood or early adulthood. Weakness begins with the pectoral girdle and proximal upper extremity muscles and spreads to the pelvic girdle and distal lower extremity muscles. Contractures of the elbow, flexors, neck flexors, and calf muscles often occur; muscle pseudohypertrophy and mental retardation do not occur. A cardiomyopathy is common. An X-linked inherited disorder, nonallelic to Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| endothelial dystrophy of cornea | Spontaneous loss of corneal endothelium leading to oedema of the corneal stroma and epithelium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epithelial dystrophy | Corneal dystrophy affecting primarily the epithelium and its basement membrane. See: juvenile epithelial corneal dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| twenty-nail dystrophy | Longitudinal ridging of all of the nails; seen in alopecia areata and lichen planus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| juvenile epithelial corneal dystrophy | Epithelial dystrophy characterised by progressive cysts and opacities of the corneal epithelium, with onset in infancy. Inheritance: autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. Synonym: Meesman dystrophy. (22 Sep 2002) |
| exostoses, multiple hereditary | Hereditary disorder transmitted by an autosomal dominant gene and characterised by multiple exostoses (multiple osteochondromas) near the ends of long bones. The genetic abnormality results in a defect in the osteoclastic activity at the metaphyseal ends of the bone during the remodeling process in childhood or early adolescence. The metaphyses develop benign, bony outgrowths often capped by cartilage. A small number undergo neoplastic transformation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| eye diseases, hereditary | Transmission of gene defects or chromosomal aberrations/abnormalities which are expressed in extreme variation in the structure or function of the eye. These may be evident at birth, but may be manifested later with progression of the disorder. (12 Dec 1998) |
| facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy | A relatively benign type of muscular dystrophy commencing in childhood and slowly progressive; characterised by wasting and weakness, sometimes asymmetrical, mainly of the muscles of the face, shoulder girdle, and arms; autosomal dominant inheritance. Synonym: facioscapulohumeral atrophy, Landouzy-Dejerine dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Favre's dystrophy | Autosomal recessive bilateral peripheral and central retinoschisis with pigmentary degeneration of the retina, chorioretinal atrophy, vitreous degeneration, and night blindness. Synonym: Favre's dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fingerprint dystrophy | A condition wherein fine parallel lines in a fingerprint configuration area are seen in the basal epithelial layer and basement membrane of the corneal epithelium. See: map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fleck dystrophy of cornea | A bilateral occurrence of subtle spots in the corneal stroma; the spots vary in size and shape, and have sharp margins and clear centres; photophobia may occur; autosomal dominant inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Landouzy-Dejerine dystrophy | A relatively benign type of muscular dystrophy commencing in childhood and slowly progressive; characterised by wasting and weakness, sometimes asymmetrical, mainly of the muscles of the face, shoulder girdle, and arms; autosomal dominant inheritance. Synonym: facioscapulohumeral atrophy, Landouzy-Dejerine dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lattice corneal dystrophy | A corneal dystrophy due to localised accumulation of amyloid in a reticular pattern; manifest at puberty and progressing slowly until eventually useful vision is lost; autosomal dominant inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leber's hereditary optic atrophy | Hereditary degeneration of the optic nerve and papillomacular bundle with resulting rapid loss of central vision, progressive for several weeks, then usually stationary with permanent central scotoma; age of onset is variable, most often in the third decade; more males than females are affected and transmission is cytoplasmic and strictly on the female side. Mutation on the mitochondrial chromosome involved, which presumably interacts with an X-linked mutant. This mechanism may explain the bizarre sex ratio, which differs significantly from one country to another. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fuchs' endothelial dystrophy | Disorder caused by loss of endothelium of the central cornea. It is characterised by hyaline endothelial outgrowths on descemet's membrane, epithelial blisters, reduced vision, and pain. (12 Dec 1998) |