| Crotalidae | <herpetology> A family of New World vipers characterised by the presence of a heat-sensitive loreal pit between each eye and nostril, and folding, caniculated, long anterior fangs. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| crotalin | <herpetology, protein, zoology> A protein in rattlesnake venom. Origin: Crotalus, a genus of rattlesnakes (05 Mar 2000) |
| crotaline | <chemical> A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment. Pharmacological action: carcinogens, poisons. Chemical name: 20-Norcrotalanan-11,15-dione, 14,19-dihydro-12,13-dihydroxy-, (13alpha,14alpha)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| crotalism | Poisoning of humans and animals with alkaloids of the plants Senecio (ragwort), Crotalaria (rattlebox), and Heliotropum; produces a veno-occlusive disease of the liver similar to Chiari's disease. Synonym: crotalism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| crotalus | <herpetology> A genus of snakes of the family viperidae, one of the pit vipers, so-called from the pit hollowing out the maxillary bone, opening between the eye and the nostril. They are distinctively american serpents. most of the 25 recognised species are found in the southwestern united states and northern mexico. Several species are found as far north as canada and east of the mississippi, including southern appalachia. They are named for the jointed rattle (greek krotalon) at the tip of their tail. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Crotalus antitoxin | <herpetology> Antitoxin specific for venom of rattlesnakes (Crotalus species). (05 Mar 2000) |
| Crotalus toxin | <herpetology> The toxin of rattlesnake. (05 Mar 2000) |
| crotamiton | N-Ethyl-o-crotonotoluide;a sarcopticide for topical use in scabies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| crotaphion | The tip of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone; a point in craniometry. Origin: G. Krotaphos, the temple of the head (05 Mar 2000) |
| croton oil | Oil from the seeds of the tropical plant Croton tiglium (Euphorbiaceae), causes severe skin irritation and contains a potent tumour promoter (co-carcinogen), phorbol ester. (18 Nov 1997) |
| crotonase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses reversibly the hydration of unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA to yield beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA. It plays a role in the oxidation of fatty acids and in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis, has broad specificity, and is most active with crotonyl-CoA. Chemical name: (3S)-3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA hydro-lyase Registry number: EC 4.2.1.17 (12 Dec 1998) |
| crotonic acids | 2-butenoic acids. 4-carbon monounsaturated monocarboxylic acids with the unsaturation in the 2 position. (12 Dec 1998) |
| crotonobetaine reductase | <enzyme> Converts crotonobetaine to gamma-butyrobetaine Registry number: EC 1.3.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| crotonyl-ACP reductase | 1. An enzyme catalyzing hydrogenation of acyl-ACP complexes to 2,3-dehydroacyl-ACP's, with NAD+ as hydrogen acceptor; important in fatty acid metabolism. Synonym: crotonyl-ACP reductase. 2. A variant enzyme has been found carrying out the same reaction as enoyl-ACP reductase, but with NADP+ as hydrogen acceptor. Synonym: acyl-ACP dehydrogenase, acyl-ACP reductase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| crotoxin | <chemical> A specific complex of toxic proteins from the venom of crotalus durissus terrificus (south american rattlesnake). It can be separated into a phospholipase a and crotapotin fragment; the latter consists of three different amino acid chains, potentiates the enzyme, and is specifically neurotoxic. Chemical name: Crotoxin (12 Dec 1998) |