| motor nucleus of facial nerve | A group of motor neurons located in the ventrolateral region of the lower pontine tegmentum and innervating the facial muscles, the stapedius muscle in the middle ear, the posterior limb of the musculus digastricus, and the stylohyoid muscle. Synonym: nucleus nervi facialis, facial motor nucleus, motor nucleus of facial nerve, nucleus facialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A group of motor neurons innervating the muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, internal and external pterygoid muscles) and the musculi tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini. The nucleus lies in the upper pontine tegmentum medial to the main sensory nucleus of the trigeminus. Synonym: nucleus motorius nervi trigemini, masticatory nucleus, motor nucleus of trigeminus, nucleus masticatorius. (05 Mar 2000) |
| motor nucleus of trigeminus | <anatomy, nerve> A group of motor neurons innervating the muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, internal and external pterygoid muscles) and the musculi tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini. The nucleus lies in the upper pontine tegmentum medial to the main sensory nucleus of the trigeminus. Synonym: nucleus motorius nervi trigemini, masticatory nucleus, motor nucleus of trigeminus, nucleus masticatorius. (05 Mar 2000) |
| convergence nucleus of Perlia | A small cell group located between the somatic cell columns of the oculomotor nuclei. Since it is placed between the groups of motor neurons innervating, respectively, the left and right medial rectus muscles, the nucleus is considered to possibly represent an integrating mechanism for ocular convergence. Synonym: convergence nucleus of Perlia, Spitzka's nucleus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pontis nervi trigeminalis nucleus | <anatomy, nerve> The term commonly used to designate the nucleus pontis nervi trigeminalis; located in pons lateral to the motor trigeminal nucleus; receives primary sensory (touch and pressure) input via the trigeminal nerve, projects to ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus. Synonym: nucleus sensorius principalis nervi trigemini, nucleus sensorius superior nervi trigemini, principal sensory nucleus of the trigeminus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| habenular nucleus | The gray matter of the habenula, composed of a small-celled medial and a larger-celled lateral habenular nucleus; both nuclei receive fibres from basal forebrain regions (septum, basal nucleus, lateral preoptic nucleus); the lateral habenular nucleus receives an additional projection from the medial segment of the globus pallidus. Both nuclei project by way of the retroflex fasciculus to the interpeduncular nucleus and a medial zone of the midbrain tegmentum. Synonym: nucleus habenulae, ganglion habenulae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cuneate nucleus | The larger Burdach's nucleus; one of the three nuclei of the posterior column of the spinal cord; located near the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata at and below the level of the obex, the nucleus receives posterior root fibres corresponding to the sensory innervation of the arm and hand of the same side; together with its medial companion, the gracile nucleus, it is the major source of origin of the medial lemniscus. Synonym: nucleus cuneatus, Burdach's nucleus, nucleus funiculi cuneati, nucleus of cuneate fasciculus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| prerubral nucleus | The gray matter of field H2. See: fields of Forel. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pretectal nucleus | Group of cells, constituting several subnuclei, located rostral to the superior colliculus in the "pretectal" area; receive input from retinal ganglion cells (via the optic tract) and project bilaterally to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus; relay centre for pupillary light reflex pathway. (05 Mar 2000) |
| head of the caudate nucleus | The head or anterior extremity of the caudate nucleus projecting into the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle. Synonym: caput nuclei caudati, anterior extremity of caudate nucleus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| principal sensory nucleus of the trigeminus | <anatomy, nerve> The term commonly used to designate the nucleus pontis nervi trigeminalis; located in pons lateral to the motor trigeminal nucleus; receives primary sensory (touch and pressure) input via the trigeminal nerve, projects to ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus. Synonym: nucleus sensorius principalis nervi trigemini, nucleus sensorius superior nervi trigemini, principal sensory nucleus of the trigeminus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The term commonly used to designate the nucleus pontis nervi trigeminalis; located in pons lateral to the motor trigeminal nucleus; receives primary sensory (touch and pressure) input via the trigeminal nerve, projects to ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus. Synonym: nucleus sensorius principalis nervi trigemini, nucleus sensorius superior nervi trigemini, principal sensory nucleus of the trigeminus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| herniated nucleus pulposus | <orthopaedics> A herniated intervertebral disk (nucleus pulposus) is one which has become displaced (prolapsed) from its normal position in between the vertebral bodies of the spine. Herniated disks often impinge on nearby nerve structures resulting in pain and neurologic symptoms. A clinical situation where the radicular nerve (nerve root) is compressed by the prolapsed disk is referred to as a radiculopathy. This problem tends to occur most commonly in the cervical and lumbar spine. (27 Sep 1997) |
| herniation of nucleus pulposus | <radiology> Focal protrusion of disc material secondary to rupture of annulus fibrosus confined within the posterior longitudinal ligament location: L4/5 (35%); L5/S1 (27%); L3/4 (19%); L2/3 (14%); L1/2 (5%); thoracic spine affected in 3:1000 disc operations, posterolateral (49%): weakest point (posterior longitudinal ligament tightly adherent to posterior margin of disc), posterocentral (8%), lateral/foraminal (less than10%), intraosseous/vertical (14%): Schmorl node, extraforaminal/anterior (29%): commonly overlooked, bilateral: on both sided of the posterior ligament findings: disc (low T1) displaces posterior ligament/epidural fat (high T1), enlarged (edematous) nerve root: trumpet sign, see: degenerative disc disease extradural mass (12 Dec 1998) |
| Schwalbe's nucleus | One of a group of four main nuclei that includes: the lateral vestibular nucleus (Deiters' nucleus), medial vestibular nucleus (Schwalbe's nucleus), superior vestibular nucleus (Bechterew's nucleus), and inferior vestibular nucleus, located in the lateral region of the hindbrain beneath the floor of the rhomboid fossa. They receive primary fibres of the vestibular nerve, are reciprocally connected with the flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum, and project by way of the medial longitudinal fasciculus to the abducens, trochlear, and oculomotor nuclei and to the ventral horn of the spinal cord. The lateral vestibular nucleus projects to the ipsilateral ventral horn of the spinal cord by the vestibulospinal tract. Synonym: nucleus vestibularis. (05 Mar 2000) |